Disease relevance of Ctf2

• EPI with hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and a synthetic peptide of influenza virus nucleoprotein (NP peptide) elicited antigen-specific CTL responses as well as antibody responses [1].
• To determine whether CT activation of AA metabolism requires CT's known enzymatic activity (i.e., ADP-ribosylation of GSalpha), we used native CT and a mutant CT protein (CT-2*) lacking ADP-ribose transferase activity in combination with S49 wild-type (WT) and S49 cyc- murine Theta (Th)1.2-positive lymphoma cells deficient in GSalpha [2].

High impact information on Ctf2

• Moreover, NP could sustain the in vitro survival of embryonic motor neurons and could increase the proliferation of neural precursors when associated to epidermal growth factor and fibroblast growth factor 2 [3].
• NP is also observed in retina and to a lesser extent in skeletal muscle [3].
• The combination of LXR and RXR agonists was more effective than either agonist alone at inhibiting apoptosis in response to various inducers of apoptosis, and it acted synergistically to induce expression of AIM/CT2 [4].
• Mutation of the CT2 box decreases transcriptional activity of a HI reporter plasmid by approximately 65% in beta TC3 cells and blocks the glucose response in isolated newborn rat islet cells [5].
• By using oligonucleotides representing each of the three CT boxes of the human insulin (HI) gene enhancer and nuclear extracts from the mouse islet tumor cell lines beta TC3 and alpha TC1, we have identified a beta-cell-specific binding activity as reported for IPF1, which has maximal affinity toward the CT2 box [5].

Biological context of Ctf2

• 2-[125I]-Iodomelatonin binding in the SCN revealed low amplitude diurnal and circadian rhythms with highest levels of binding 2 hr after lights on (41.3+/-1.7 fmol/mg protein, n = 5, at ZT2) or at the beginning of the subjective day (48.6+/-2.1 fmol/mg protein, n = 6, CT2), respectively [6].

Anatomical context of Ctf2

• Antiserum to the C-terminus (CT-2) labels both wild-type mouse and human Purkinje cell nuclei, but not leaner mouse cerebellum [7].
• The CT2 MAb reacted with IEL but also bound to the majority of cells in the intestinal epithelium [8].
• NP-O-Succinimide-induced cutaneous sensitivity (CS) responses can be adoptively transferred by NP-primed lymphoid cells into naive K-, I-, or D-compatible recipients [9].
• Two monoclonal antibodies, CT1 and CT2, have recently been described that recognize cell type restricted carbohydrate determinants present on the T200 glycoprotein of murine cytotoxic T lymphocytes in vitro [10].
• In addition, the B subunits purified from native CT and CT-2* both simulated the release of [3H]AA from S49 cyc- cells and murine monocyte/macrophage cells (RAW 264.7), suggesting a receptor-mediated cell activation process of potential importance in enhancing immune responses to vaccine components [2].

Associations of Ctf2 with chemical compounds

• The interval between circadian time 19 (CT19) and CT2 of the high dose melatonin PRC is marked by significant phase advances, whereas the interval between CT2 and 19 is marked by significant phase delays [11].
• The antibodies employed in the tests reacted specifically with the hemagglutinin (H, 79K), polymerase (P, 72K), nucleocapsid (NP, 60K) hemolysin-fusion factor (F, 41+20K) and matrix (M, 36K) proteins [12].
• Using dodecylphosphocholine micelles and liposomes, CT1 and CT2 Naja oxiana were shown to incorporate into lipid structures without changes in the secondary structure of the peptides [13].
• Enzyme activity in all three lines increased with time in culture and the highest activity was found in the medium of the CT2 line which is adenylate cyclase deficient while that in the J7H1 line, cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase deficient, was intermediate [14].

References