Disease relevance of BLA-DQB

• At the same time, preceding the onset of proteinuria, maximal intensity of the lymphocyte infiltration, proliferative activity and MHC class II antigen expression in tubular cells, monocytes/macrophages and interstitial cells were observed [1].
• Two sequential rounds of PCR were then performed to co-amplify DQB and either BLV env or tax/rex cDNA [2].
• Reverse transcription (RT) of cellular major histocompatibility complex class II DQB and either bovine leukemia virus (BLV) env or tax/rex mRNA was subsequently conducted using gene-specific oligonucleotide primers [2].

High impact information on BLA-DQB

• The invariant chain (Ii) plays a critical role in MHC class II antigen processing by stabilizing peptide-free class II alphabeta heterodimers in a nonameric (alphabetaIi)3 complex soon after their synthesis and directing transport of the complex from the endoplasmic reticulum to compartments where peptide loading of class II takes place [3].
• If inter- and/or intrahaplotype pairing of DQA and DQB molecules occurs, cattle carrying DQ-duplicated haplotypes may express more restriction elements than would be predicted by the number of expressed alleles [4].
• The evolution of the Ag-binding site of polymorphic class II molecules was investigated by comparing the pattern of silent and replacement substitutions in the first domain exon of DQB and DRB alleles in two distantly related mammalian species, man and cattle [5].
• These studies add further evidence to our hypothesis that MHC class II antigen expression in thyroid cells is secondary to external stimulating factors [6].
• Neither ICA nor BSA antibody titers were significantly related to DQB genotype or sex [7].

Biological context of BLA-DQB

• DQB2 is very similar to DQB1 but was found only in the duplicated haplotypes DQ9 to 12 [8].
• Gene duplications and sequence polymorphism of bovine class II DQB genes [8].
• The genetic diversity of bovine class II DQB genes was investigated by polymerase chain reaction amplification and DNA sequencing [8].
• Nucleotide sequence of the second exon of a BoLA-DQB gene [9].
• A BoLA-DQB cDNA clone (BoLA-DQ beta-1) was isolated by screening a bovine lymphoblastoid cDNA library with a HLA-DQB genomic clone [10].

Anatomical context of BLA-DQB

• Intrahaplotype and interhaplotype pairing of bovine leukocyte antigen DQA and DQB molecules generate functional DQ molecules important for priming CD4(+) T-lymphocyte responses [11].
• Eight polymorphic anti-HLA class II mAb (seven anti-HLA DRB1 and one anti-HLA DQB) were selected for analysis of their reactivity towards bovine lymphocytes [12].
• Supernatants obtained from BHV-1-immune PBML, stimulated under conditions similar to those required to demonstrate cytotoxicity, contained an antiviral substance capable of inducing 2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthetase activity in MDBK cells and MHC class II antigen expression on epithelial cells [13].
• Leukocyte mRNA from three animals genotyped at the BoLA-A, DQB, and DRB3 loci was used as template for reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), cloning, and DNA sequencing [14].
• No subpopulation of cells of bone marrow origin could be identified among canine stellate cells, as they lack MHC class II antigen [15].

Associations of BLA-DQB with chemical compounds

• The bovine DQB complexity thus resembles that in the human DRB region [8].
• The alignment of several Cahi-DQB1 exon 2 sequences has allowed to identify five different allelic variants Neighbor-joining phylogenetic analysis of caprine, ovine and bovine DQB sequences has allowed to ascertain that the five Cahi-DQB1 alleles we have found correspond to three different allelic lineages [16].
• Conserved glycosilation sites (beta19) and cysteine residues (beta15, beta79, beta117, beta173) forming disulfide bridges have been identified in the goat DQB1 molecule [16].

Other interactions of BLA-DQB

• The nucleotide sequences of most of the exons and parts of the introns of two BoLA-DQB genes and two BoLA-DRB genes have been determined [17].
• Sequencing of four new BoLA-DRB3 and six new BoLA-DQB alleles [18].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of BLA-DQB

• Polymorphism of the bovine DRB, DQA, DQB, DYA, DOB and DIB genes was investigated using restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis, isoelectric focusing (IEF), class II serology and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based typing techniques [19].
• Two pairs of duplicated DQB genes were found in this group of homozygotes, and sequence analysis showed that both pairs contained distinct DQB alleles [20].

References