Disease relevance of Vipoma

• At plasma VIP levels closely comparable to those found in the human Verner-Morrison syndrome, gross watery diarrhea and hypokalemia were produced [1].
• Long-term treatment of a VIPoma with somatostatin analogue resulting in remission of symptoms and possible shrinkage of metastases [2].
• A patient with watery diarrhea syndrome secondary to bronchogenic carcinoma responded to treatment with clonidine and lidamidine [3].
• Vasoactive intestinal peptide receptors were identified in four primary gastrinomas and all VIPomas [4].
• Somatostatin analogue: use in the treatment of vipoma with hypercalcemia [5].

High impact information on Vipoma

• Effect of a long-acting somatostatin analogue (SMS 201-995) in a patient with pancreatic cholera [6].
• VIP and the pancreatic cholera syndrome [7].
• Pancreatic cholera: is the diarrhea due to VIP [8]?
• Lithium carbonate in pancreatic cholera [9].
• Indomethacin-responsive pancreatic cholera [10].

Chemical compound and disease context of Vipoma

• Pancreatic cholera: benefical effects of treatment with streptozotocin [11].
• Regression of metastatic vipoma with somatostatin analogue SMS 201-995 [12].
• Diarrhoea in vipoma patients associated with cosecretion of a second active peptide (peptide histidine isoleucine) explained by single coding gene [13].
• Tumors associated with the Verner Morrison syndrome secrete peptide histidine methionine, its C-terminally extended variant peptide histidine valine, and vasoactive intestinal peptide [14].
• Trifluoperazine reversal of secretory diarrhea in pancreatic cholera [15].

Anatomical context of Vipoma

• A 43-yr-old-man with metastatic VIPoma in whom the conventional measures of surgery, chemotheraphy, and hepatic artery embolization ultimately failed to control his severe diarrhea, resulting from vasoactive intestinal polypeptide hypersecretion, was treated with a new long-acting somatostatin analogue, SMS 201-995, for 14 mo [2].
• A patient with a vipoma of the pancreas and persistently elevated blood levels of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) had watery diarrhea, hypokalemia, and achlorhydria (WDHA syndrome) [16].
• The close anatomical relationship of the exocrine and endocrine pancreas prompted us to determine the role of DPC4 in the tumorigenesis of 25 pancreatic islet cell tumors (11 insulinomas, nine non-functioning endocrine carcinomas, three gastrinomas, two vipomas) [17].
• A possible origin of pancreatic VIPomas from transformed pancreatic PP cells or ductular stem cells partially committed to differentiation along the PP cell line is suggested [18].
• Two gastrointestinal peptides, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) and pancreatic polypeptide, suspected of being associated with symptoms of WDHA syndrome (pancreatic cholera) were tested on the rat small and large intestine for their effects on water and electrolyte transport [19].

Gene context of Vipoma

• In two patients with vipoma, SMS 201-995 controlled diarrhea and reduced levels of vasoactive intestinal peptide; tumor necrosis occurred in one patient [20].
• Within the different syndromes, 1/11 individuals with insulinoma, 2/16 with gastrinoma, 0/2 with glucagonoma, 0/3 with VIPoma and 5/26 with non-functioning tumours showed elevated plasma levels of IAPP [21].
• The morphology and neuroendocrine profile of pancreatic epithelial VIPomas and extrapancreatic, VIP-producing, neurogenic tumors [18].
• Occurrence of human pancreatic polypeptide in pancreatic endocrine tumors. Possible implication in the watery diarrhea syndrome [22].
• Furthermore, all VIPomas expressed cholecystokinin-B (gastrin) receptors, whereas, gastrinomas did not contain cholecystokinin-B receptors [4].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Vipoma

• VIPoma tissue from 20 patients also contained PHI shown by immunocytochemistry to be produced by the same cell as VIP [13].
• A sensitive and specific radioimmunoassay for the detection of vasoactive intestinal peptide has been used to study patients with the watery diarrhea syndrome [23].
• Somatostatin analogs and conventional chemotherapy regimens were not effective on VIPoma syndrome and tumor progression [24].
• In a patient with pancreatic cholera syndrome identical perfusion experiments showed jejunal water secretion (93 ml/30 cm/hr) which changed to absorption (65 ml/30 cm/hr) when somatostatin was infused (5000 pmol/kg/hr) [25].
• One patient had a VIPoma syndrome with diarrhea, hypokalemia, and hypercalcemia, all symptoms were reversible after treatment consisting of somatostatin analogue and arterial liver embolization followed by liver resection [26].

References