Disease relevance of Esthesioneuroblastoma, Olfactory

• Chronic syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion and hypertension in a patient with olfactory neuroblastoma. Evidence of ectopic production of arginine vasopressin by the tumor [1].
• For comparative purposes, a number of other neuroectodermal tumours were analysed with negative results: esthesioneuroblastoma, retinoblastoma, Schwannoma [2].
• Absence of EWS/FLI1 fusion in olfactory neuroblastomas indicates these tumors do not belong to the Ewing's sarcoma family [3].
• All 9 malignant melanomas and 6 out of 9 olfactory neuroblastomas (75%) were positive for S-100 protein, whereas only 6 cases of sinonasal undifferentiated carcinomas (19.4%) were positive [4].
• In the other tumours (one extraventricular neurocytoma, one desmoplastic medulloblastoma, one olfactory neuroblastoma, one ganglioglioma and one anaplastic ganglioglioma), the Ki-67 labelling index was always at least fourfold lower in NeuN(+) cells than in NeuN(-) cells [5].

High impact information on Esthesioneuroblastoma, Olfactory

• Neurosecretion of arginine vasopressin by an olfactory neuroblastoma causing reversible syndrome of antidiuresis [6].
• An immuno-electron microscopic study performed by a pre-embedding peroxidase-antiperoxidase (PAP) technique revealed S-100 protein reactivity in the cytoplasm and connecting processes of marginal cells of olfactory neuroblastomas [7].
• Olfactory neuroblastoma: an immuno-electron microscopic study of S-100 protein-positive cells [7].
• Sperm protein 17 expression defines 2 subsets of primary esthesioneuroblastoma [8].
• Human achaete-scute homologue (hASH1) mRNA level as a diagnostic marker to distinguish esthesioneuroblastoma from poorly differentiated tumors arising in the sinonasal tract [9].

Chemical compound and disease context of Esthesioneuroblastoma, Olfactory

• This study identified olfactory neuroblastoma as a definite cause of ectopic arginine vasopressin secretion causing the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion [1].
• This series suggests that cisplatin-based chemotherapy is active in advanced, high-grade esthesioneuroblastoma and is a reasonable choice in the systemic treatment of these patients [10].
• Neoadjuvant etoposide, ifosfamide, and cisplatin for the treatment of olfactory neuroblastoma [11].
• Intracranial metastatic esthesioneuroblastoma responsive to temozolomide [12].
• A 3-year-old boy had localized esthesioneuroblastoma and received 2 courses of carboplatin (200 mg/m2/day during a 1-hour infusion for 3 consecutive days) associated with etoposide (150 mg/m2/day after carboplatin) [13].

Anatomical context of Esthesioneuroblastoma, Olfactory

• The immunoreactivity of the anti-Leu 7 (HNK-1) monoclonal antibody, a marker for natural killer cells, was evaluated with the peroxidase-anti-peroxidase (PAP) method on sections of human paraffin-embedded tissues from 135 tumors of the central nervous system and five esthesioneuroblastomas [14].
• The efficacy of two new monoclonal antibodies with cell lineage-restricted reactivity (HMB-45 [melanocytes] and anti-synaptophysin [neuroepithelial cells]) was compared with that of "traditional" antibody panels in the delineation of malignant melanoma (MM) of the sinonasal region, nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), and olfactory neuroblastoma (ONBL) [15].
• An unusual case of olfactory neuroblastoma invading the oral cavity through the maxillary sinus in a patient with pathologic antidiuretic hormone secretion is reported [16].
• Induction of MHC class I antigen expression following infection of a human esthesioneuroblastoma cell line with cytomegalovirus and human immunodeficiency virus [17].
• The select skull base cancers covered include nasopharyngeal carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma of the paranasal sinuses, sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma, neuroendocrine carcinoma, esthesioneuroblastoma, and salivary gland carcinoma [18].

Gene context of Esthesioneuroblastoma, Olfactory

• Relationship of p53 gene alterations with tumor progression and recurrence in olfactory neuroblastoma [19].
• Somatostatin receptor imaging of olfactory neuroblastoma [20].
• The authors' data showing that 72% of olfactory neuroblastomas were S-100 protein positive and only one was immunoreactive for glial fibrillary acidic protein agree with other published immunohistochemical studies [21].
• Out of 37 sinonasal undifferentiated carcinomas 35 (94.6%) showed a diffuse positive immunoreaction for AE1/AE3, whereas neither olfactory neuroblastoma nor malignant melanoma revealed a positive reaction [4].
• To characterize this tumor, we cultured olfactory neuroblastoma cells in the presence or absence of growth factors (transforming growth factor alpha and basic fibroblast growth factor) known to affect olfactory tissue and assessed their responsiveness to known odorants by measuring changes in intracellular calcium [22].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Esthesioneuroblastoma, Olfactory

• When tumor recurred, rebiopsy of the small cell tumor was considered to be esthesioneuroblastoma, and the patient was treated with cyclophosphamide, vincristine, dacarbazine, and radiotherapy [23].

References