Disease relevance of SPA17

• Collectively, these data implicate Sp17 as a cancer testis antigen [1].
• Sp17 expression was demonstrated recently in multiple myeloma, suggesting that it may be a novel cancer-testis antigen [2].
• Because Sp17 is immunogenic, it may represent a novel target for immunotherapeutic interventions for ovarian cancer patients [2].
• Sperm protein 17 (Sp17) in multiple myeloma: opportunity for myeloma-specific donor T cell infusion to enhance graft-versus-myeloma effect without increasing graft-versus-host disease risk [3].
• We found an association between Sp17 expression and metastases at relapse (P = .035), chromogranin expression (P = .014), and a female sex prevalence [4].

Psychiatry related information on SPA17

• Two synthetic peptides corresponding to the reported 28-residue sequence of Alzheimer's Disease beta-protein (SP28) and to residues 12-28 (SP17) were used to form fibrils in vitro [5].

High impact information on SPA17

• Sperm protein 17 (Sp17) is a suitable target for immunotherapy of multiple myeloma [6].
• Sperm protein 17 (Sp17) is a protein recently identified as a novel cancer-testis (CT) antigen in multiple myeloma (MM) [6].
• Dendritic cells were generated from monocytes of 4 patients with MM and used to present a recombinant Sp17 protein to autologous T cells [6].
• In this study, we determined the ability to generate Sp17-specific HLA class I-restricted cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) from the peripheral blood of 4 patients with MM, 3 consecutive Sp17(+) patients, and 1 Sp17(-) patient [6].
• Sperm protein 17 is not expressed on normal leukocytes [7].

Biological context of SPA17

• This Sp17-2 gene has likely arisen by reverse transcription (RT) of a spliced Sp17-1 mRNA with subsequent integration into the human genome [8].
• The DDEF2 gene is involved in adhesion and cell migration of monocytes, and the SPA17 gene might be involved in cellular signal transduction [9].
• The deduced amino acid sequence of the Sp17 ZBP showed several interesting features, including a similarity to the N-terminal of human testis cAMP-dependent protein kinase [10].
• The mouse gene for Sp17 is 6.5 kb and contains four exons [11].
• Characterization of Sp17: a ubiquitous three domain protein that binds heparin [11].

Anatomical context of SPA17

• Furthermore, Northern blot analysis revealed Sp17 mRNA expression in all cancer cell lines examined [1].
• Sperm protein 17 (Sp17) is a highly antigenic, testes-specific protein whose known function is to bind sperm to the zona pellucida [1].
• However, on paraformaldehyde fixed, acrosome intact spermatozoa, the peptide backbone is accessible to the antibodies which localize Sp17 to the apical surface [10].
• Analysis of Sp17 revealed that the mRNA is present in rabbit, mouse, and human testes but not in any somatic tissue tested [10].
• We previously reported the successful generation of Sp17-specific HLA-A1-restricted cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) from the peripheral blood of a healthy donor using a recombinant Sp17 protein [12].

Associations of SPA17 with chemical compounds

• The present study has also demonstrated that recombinant Sp17 can bind zona pellucida, dextran, and dextran sulfate [10].
• Exposure of Sp17-negative cell lines to the hypomethylating agent, 5-azacytidine, resulted in the upregulation of Sp17 gene expression [13].

Regulatory relationships of SPA17

• Moreover, the Sp17 transcript was found differentially expressed in a RA synovial library that was subtracted with an OA synovial library [14].

Other interactions of SPA17

• Interestingly, Sp17's structural relationship with cell-binding and recognition proteins, suggests that Sp17 may function in cell-cell recognition and signaling in the RA synoviocyte [14].
• MAGE-C1 (CT7) gene expression in multiple myeloma: relationship to sperm protein 17 [15].
• Semenogelin 1 was also frequently coexpressed with other CT antigens, Sperm protein 17 and SPAN-Xb [16].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of SPA17

• Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to amplify the Sp17-1 transcript in multiple normal human tissues and cancer cell lines [1].
• In addition, Northern and Western blot analyses were used to detect Sp17 mRNA and protein expression [1].
• Using a panel of primer pairs in methylation-sensitive PCR to amplify overlapping gene segments, our screening studies showed that the HpaII sites at -359 and -350 are involved in the regulation of Sp17 gene expression [13].
• Analysis of native and recombinant Sp17 by SDS-PAGE has shown the apparent molecular weight of the protein to be 24.5 kDa [17].
• Is sperm protein 17 a useful target for tumor immunotherapy [18]?

References