Disease relevance of Deep Brain Stimulation

• Grip force overflow is a promising parameter to study the desensitizing effect of chronic deep-brain stimulation on levodopa-induced dyskinesias [1].
• Bilateral globus pallidus internus (GPi) deep brain stimulation (DBS) was performed in a patient with Huntington's disease (HD) with severe chorea [2].
• Interactions between deep brain stimulation and levodopa in Parkinson's disease [3].
• The authors demonstrate the efficacy and safety of subthalamic deep brain stimulation in two patients, one with a severe, refractory proximal essential tremor and one with tremor with dystonia [4].
• In keeping with the classic pathophysiologic model, physiologic and neuroimaging studies in patients have shown that lesioning or functional blockades (by deep brain stimulation, or DBS) of these nuclei increased cortical activation, in parallel with clinical improvements of bradykinesia [5].

Psychiatry related information on Deep Brain Stimulation

• Effects of pallidal deep brain stimulation and levodopa treatment on reaction-time performance in Parkinson's disease [6].
• We report on the case of a woman with generalized dystonia and restless legs syndrome whose restless legs resolved after bilateral internal globus pallidus deep brain stimulation, and recurred unilaterally after an infection required removal of one of the devices [7].

High impact information on Deep Brain Stimulation

• Levodopa and deep brain stimulation had similar effects on emotion [8].
• Patients were tested during medication off/stimulation off (STIM OFF), medication off/stimulation on (STIM ON), and during the best motor state after taking levodopa without deep brain stimulation (MED) [8].
• Deep brain stimulation for dystonia: make the lame walk [9].
• Nondestructive, electrical stimulation (deep brain stimulation; DBS) has proven an effective alternative to ablative surgery for neurological indications, suggesting potential utility in place of capsulotomy for OCD [10].
• BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the ventral intermediate nucleus of the thalamus (VIM) provides remarkable relief of tremor in the limbs contralateral to the side of the brain stimulated [11].

Chemical compound and disease context of Deep Brain Stimulation

• We describe a patient with fluspirilene-induced tardive dyskinesia of the choreiform oro-facial-laryngeal type resistant to various conservative approaches for 7 years who underwent deep brain stimulation of the internal pallidal globe [12].
• In view of the recent focus on the zona incerta (and surrounding regions) as a target for deep brain stimulation in patients with Parkinson Disease, we have explored incertal cyto and chemoarchitecture in normal and MPTP (methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine)-treated macaque monkeys [13].

Biological context of Deep Brain Stimulation

• EEG and evoked potential recording from the subthalamic nucleus for deep brain stimulation of intractable epilepsy [14].

Anatomical context of Deep Brain Stimulation

• Our results indicate that deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus affects significantly striatal dopaminergic metabolism in 6-hydroxydopamine lesioned rats [15].
• Release of beta-endorphin and methionine-enkephalin into cerebrospinal fluid during deep brain stimulation for chronic pain. Effects of stimulation locus and site of sampling [16].
• High-frequency deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the thalamus or basal ganglia represents an effective clinical technique for the treatment of several medically refractory movement disorders (e.g., Parkinson's disease, essential tremor, and dystonia) [17].
• Vagus nerve stimulation is similar to deep brain stimulation in being well-established (for the treatment of refractory epilepsy), completely implanted, and having hardware that can be considered standard at the present time [18].
• Stimulation of the thalamus and internal capsule with Medtronic deep brain stimulation electrodes produced improvement in pain, hemiparesis, dystonia, torticollis, tremor. speech impairment and epilepsy [19].

Associations of Deep Brain Stimulation with chemical compounds

• This case establishes the potential for addiction to deep brain stimulation and demonstrates that widespread behavioral and physiological changes, with concomitant alteration in the regional cerebral metabolic rate for glucose, may accompany unilateral thalamic stimulation [20].
• Gabapentine has been assessed for efficacy in some tremors, and deep brain stimulation of the ventrolateral thalamus has been shown to be safer and more effective for severe essential and parkinsonian tremor than thalamotomy [21].
• Deep brain stimulation of subthalamic neurons increases striatal dopamine metabolism and induces contralateral circling in freely moving 6-hydroxydopamine-lesioned rats [22].
• The authors report a new technique to anchor deep brain stimulation electrodes using a titanium microplate [23].
• Chronic bilateral subthalamic deep brain stimulation in a patient with homozygous deletion in the parkin gene [24].

Gene context of Deep Brain Stimulation

• New symptomatic therapies include the use of catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) inhibitors, new dopamine agonists and of surgical treatments (such as pallidotomy or deep brain stimulation) [25].
• Finally, a renaissance of functional surgical ablative procedures has taken place, with high frequency deep brain stimulation being introduced in dystonia treatment [26].
• Increases in network activation and learning performance occurred with internal pallidal deep brain stimulation (GPi DBS); decrements in these measures were present with levodopa [27].
• Obsessive-compulsive disorder: development of demand-controlled deep brain stimulation with methods from stochastic phase resetting [28].
• Central nystagmus induced by deep-brain stimulation for epilepsy [29].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Deep Brain Stimulation

• To shed light on the basic mechanism of deep brain stimulation (DBS), we performed microstimulation in the GP of a 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-treated monkey while recording with other microelectrodes in the same nucleus [30].

References