Disease relevance of Aortic Valve Insufficiency

• The high frequency of MVP and aortic regurgitation suggests that these lesions may be specifically associated with Down's syndrome in adults [1].
• To test this hypothesis, we studied 66 patients, of whom 25 had a normal LV, 20 had aortic regurgitation, 14 had mitral regurgitation, and seven had cardiomyopathy, with micromanometer-determined LV pressures and radionuclide angiograms during multiple LV loading conditions [2].
• None of the 10 survivors had complete heart block, residual ventricular septal defect, aortic incompetence, or coronary arterial injury [3].
• We studied the effect of chronic mechanical overloading on the isoenzyme composition of rat cardiac myosin in several experimental models: aortic stenosis (AS), aortic incompetence (AI), aortocaval fistula (ACF), overload of the non-infarcted area after left coronary ligation (INF), and overload of the spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) [4].
• In three of six AV canal type VSDs, both TTE and TEE demonstrated left ventricular-right atrial shunting (2) aortic regurgitation associated with VSD: Aortic regurgitation as a result of right coronary cusp prolapse was detected in one of five supracristal VSDs in which the biplane or matrix TEE was used.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)[5]

High impact information on Aortic Valve Insufficiency

• These analyses showed that aortic regurgitation of mild or greater severity occurred in 5.0 percent of the patients in the dexfenfluramine group, 5.8 percent of those in the sustained-release dexfenfluramine group, 5.4 percent of those in the two active-treatment groups combined, and 3.6 percent of those in the placebo group [6].
• Nifedipine in severe aortic regurgitation [7].
• Nifedipine in asymptomatic patients with severe aortic regurgitation and normal left ventricular function [8].
• BACKGROUND: Optimal criteria for valve replacement are unclear in asymptomatic/minimally symptomatic patients with aortic regurgitation (AR) and normal left ventricular (LV) performance at rest [9].
• Importance of internal controls, statistical methods, and side effects in short-term trials of vasodilators: a study of hydralazine kinetics in patients with aortic regurgitation [10].

Chemical compound and disease context of Aortic Valve Insufficiency

• Nitroprusside was used to reduce afterload in 13 patients with isolated, severe aortic regurgitation [11].
• The response to afterload stress determined by angiotensin challenge and the end-systolic pressure-volume relationship was evaluated echocardiographically in 16 asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic patients with chronic severe aortic regurgitation, ages 15 to 56 years (mean 32 +/- 12) [12].
• Ejection fraction in patients with aortic regurgitation and normal subjects were similar at rest (55 +/- 10% vs 59 +/- 6%) and were unchanged by nitroglycerin [13].
• Observations on the optimum time for operative intervention for aortic regurgitation. II. Serial echocardiographic evaluation of asymptomatic patients [14].
• Left ventricular (LV) apexcardiogram (ACG) and its first derivative (dA/dt) was obtained in 104 normal subjects and 34 patients with chronic aortic incompetence (AI) [15].

Biological context of Aortic Valve Insufficiency

• Following the administration of nitroglycerin, the subjects with aortic regurgitation had larger reductions in left ventricular end-diastolic (3.5 mm) and end-systolic (3.1 mm) dimensions than did the normal subjects (0.6 and 1.1 mm, respectively), despite similar changes in blood pressure [16].
• The PSP/ESV ratio may help to predict which patients with aortic regurgitation and enlarged left ventricular end-systolic volume will have symptomatic improvement with valve replacement [17].
• DESIGN--The values of arterial compliance and total peripheral resistance were assessed during aortic regurgitation at different regurgitant orifice areas in eight pigs before and after a bolus of glyceryl trinitrate [18].
• Vasodilatation with felodipine in chronic asymptomatic aortic regurgitation [19].
• Effects of perindopril on left ventricular remodeling and aortic regurgitation in rats assessed by echocardiography [20].

Anatomical context of Aortic Valve Insufficiency

• Thirteen cardiomyopathy patients (39%) exhibited aortic valve partial closure--similar to the prevalence in the aortic regurgitation (41%) and normal (33%) groups [21].
• Idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy and coronary artery disease were the anatomical substrates in 19 (39%) and 24 (50%) patients, respectively, severe aortic regurgitation was present in 2 patients, and no organic heart disease was identified in 3 [22].
• PDA, congenital absence of pulmonary valve leaflets, ventricular septal defect and aortic regurgitation, two ruptured aneurysms of sinus of Valsalva, and a coronary fistula were identified and findings were corroborated in cardiac catheterization and/or surgery [23].
• We report the clinical, laboratory and echocardiographic features of five cases of aortic incompetence associated with ankylosing spondylitis, rheumatoid arthritis and undefined connective tissue diseases [24].
• CONCLUSION: In Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes, a history of dexfenfluramine use is associated with heart-valve regurgitation, particularly aortic regurgitation [25].

Gene context of Aortic Valve Insufficiency

• AIMS: We hypothesised that plasma CT-1 would be raised in patients with significant mitral, tricuspid and/or aortic regurgitation (MR/TR or AR, respectively) when compared to those with no (or mild) valvular regurgitant lesion [26].
• Ventricular septal defect with aortic regurgitation [27].
• No evidence could be found for an atrial septal defect, significant aortic regurgitation, elevated left ventricular diastolic pressure, or localized tamponade, previously described disorders in which pulsus paradoxus may not be seen when tamponade occurs [28].
• Five cases of aortic incompetence and nodular seropositive rheumatoid arthritis are presented [29].
• Aortic incompetence in HLA B27-positive juvenile arthritis [30].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Aortic Valve Insufficiency

• Pulmonary atresia with ventricular septal defect and aortic regurgitation: diagnosis by echocardiography with diastolic vibration of both right and left sides of the ventricular septum [31].
• To assess the hemodynamic effects of afterload reduction in severe aortic regurgitation, nitroprusside was infused at cardiac catheterization in 12 patients with aortic regurgitation [32].
• Reoperation after aortic valvuloplasty for aortic regurgitation associated with ventricular septal defect [33].
• Assessment of hemodynamic effects of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor therapy in chronic aortic regurgitation by using velocity-encoded cine magnetic resonance imaging [34].
• Transesophageal echocardiography in this case revealed large vegetations with multiloculated aortic paravalvular abscess around the cusps; a high-acquired restrictive membranous ventricular septal defect with vegetations extending to the tricuspid leaflets and paravalvular aortic regurgitation caused by aortic leaflet perforation [35].

References