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Chemical Compound Review

AG-J-25530     4-amino-9-[[(4,5-dihydroxy-1- cyclopent-2...

Synonyms: CTK7D5247, AC1L1AN8
 
 
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Disease relevance of queuine

 

High impact information on queuine

  • Its target, as revealed through in vivo and in vitro experiments, was not ribosomes as in the case of E3, but the transfer RNAs (tRNAs) for Tyr, His, Asn, and Asp, which contain a modified base, queuine, at the wobble position of each anticodon [6].
  • A precursor of queuine, pre-queuine, is synthesized from GTP, inserted into the first position of the anticodon of the corresponding tRNAs by a specific tRNA-guanine transglycosylase and further modified to queuosine [7].
  • The ability of 6-TG to induce differentiation correlates with c-myc mRNA down-regulation, but queuine has no effect on this parameter [8].
  • The data presented indicate that 6-TG-induced differentiation of HL-60 cells is a tRNA-facilitated event and that the tRNA wobble base queuine is capable of maintaining both the proliferative and pluripotent potential of the cells [8].
  • Nonetheless, when cells are treated with queuine and 6-TG, they maintain the promyelocytic morphology and are capable of being induced down the monocytic pathway by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate as indicated by stabilization of c-fms mRNA and cell adherence [8].
 

Chemical compound and disease context of queuine

  • Total tRNA was extracted from 23 different lung cancer specimens and the precursor of isoacceptor tRNA that contains guanine instead of queuine in the first or wobble position of the anticodon [(Q-)tRNA] content was determined [3].
  • Alterations in cell tetrahydrobiopterin levels may regulate queuine hypomodification of tRNA during differentiation of murine erythroleukemia cells [9].
  • Since an earlier study had shown that dietary CdCl2 caused Drosophila to increase greatly the proportion of queuine-containing tRNA over non-queuine tRNA the ability of dietary queuine to counteract cadmium toxicity was evaluated [10].
 

Biological context of queuine

  • Relationship between a tumor promoter-induced decrease in queuine modification of transfer RNA in normal human cells and the expression of an altered cell phenotype [11].
  • The agent 5-azacytidine slightly inhibited cell growth but did not significantly change the percentage of benzidine-positive cells and the queuine content of tRNA [2].
  • Altered queuine modification of tRNA has been correlated to neoplasia and cell differentiation, but much of the existing evidence is only circumstantial [2].
  • Inhibition of queuine uptake in diploid human fibroblasts by phorbol-12,13-didecanoate. Requirement for a factor derived from early passage cells [12].
  • An affinity electrophoretic method has been developed to study the state of terminal phosphorylation of RNAs and the presence of the hypermodified base Q in tRNA [13].
 

Anatomical context of queuine

  • Inhibition of queuine uptake in cultured human fibroblasts by phorbol-12,13-didecanoate [14].
  • These cell lines may be useful systems for the study of queuine function in normal cells and the causes and consequences of hypomodification for queuine in tumors [15].
  • In cells incubated with the reversible inducer sodium butyrate, an increase in the queuine content of tRNA was correlated with the increase in benzidine-positive erythroid cells throughout the culturing period [2].
  • The increase in the queuine content of tRNA in differentiated K562 cells was an irreversible event [2].
  • Queuine modification is defective in many tumors and transformed cell lines, and the extent of hypomodification correlates with staging and outcome in numerous human tumors [15].
 

Associations of queuine with other chemical compounds

  • Q factor is inactivated in both the L-M cell and tRNA-guanine transferase assays by treatment with periodate or cyanogen bromide, both of which react with queuine [16].
  • Guanine analog-induced differentiation of human promyelocytic leukemia cells and changes in queuine modification of tRNA [17].
  • During the early stages of HGPRT-deficient HL-60 cell differentiation induced by 6-thioguanine, there was a transient decrease in the queuine content of tRNA, and changes in the isoacceptor profiles of tRNA(His) indicate that 6-thioguanine was incorporated into the tRNA in place of queuine [17].
  • To answer this, kinetics of aspartate queuine-containing tRNA (Q-tRNA) is compared with its queuine-deficient counterpart (G-tRNA) [18].
  • This review discusses what is known about the mechanisms of transglycosylation for the queuine and pseudouridine RNA modifications and will speculate about a potential role for transglycosylation in certain RNA editing events [19].
 

Gene context of queuine

  • Eukaryotes synthesize Q by the base-for-base exchange of queuine (Q base) for guanine in the unmodified tRNA, a reaction catalyzed by TGT [20].
  • The level and activity of LDH A decreases on queuine treatment [21].
  • These results suggest that PKC-dependent phosphorylation of TGRase is tied to efficient enzymatic function and therefore control of the queuine modification of tRNA [22].
  • In several, but not all mutant strains, the concentrations of queuine and the Q(+) (queuine-containing) form of tRNATyr are correlated [23].
  • The Asp tRNAs derived from human tumor lines and grown in athymic mice contain a full complement of queuine [18].
 

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of queuine

  • Cell cultures derived from human neonatal foreskins (HF cells) are susceptible to phorbol-12,13-didecanoate- (PDD) induced inhibition of queuine uptake, but this inhibition is pronounced only in early passage HF cells [12].
  • The bioassay employs L-M cells which respond to the presence of queuine by an increase in their Q(+)tRNAAsp that is accompanied by a decrease in the Q(-)tRNAAsp isoacceptors [23].
  • The putative gene FLJ12960 was identified from sequence analysis of the human genome and predicted to be a member of the family of tRNA-guanine-transglycosylases for queuine biosynthesis by protein sequence similarity at the Zn-binding site (Locus Link #79691 at http://www.ncbi.nlm.gov/LocusLink/) [24].
  • We measured the specific release of queuine from Q-5'-phosphate (queuine salvage) and the extent of tRNA Q modification in 6 human tumors carried as xenografts in immune-deprived mice [25].

References

  1. Deficiency of queuine, a highly modified purine base, in transfer RNAs from primary and metastatic ovarian malignant tumors in women. Baranowski, W., Dirheimer, G., Jakowicki, J.A., Keith, G. Cancer Res. (1994) [Pubmed]
  2. Altered queuine modification of transfer RNA involved in the differentiation of human K562 erythroleukemia cells in the presence of distinct differentiation inducers. Chen, Y.L., Wu, R.T. Cancer Res. (1994) [Pubmed]
  3. Relationship of the queuine content of transfer ribonucleic acids to histopathological grading and survival in human lung cancer. Huang, B.S., Wu, R.T., Chien, K.Y. Cancer Res. (1992) [Pubmed]
  4. Relationship of queuine-lacking transfer RNA to the grade of malignancy in human leukemias and lymphomas. Emmerich, B., Zubrod, E., Weber, H., Maubach, P.A., Kersten, H., Kersten, W. Cancer Res. (1985) [Pubmed]
  5. Transfer ribonucleic acid guanine transglycosylase isolated from rat liver. Shindo-Okada, N., Okada, N., Ohgi, T., Goto, T., Nishimura, S. Biochemistry (1980) [Pubmed]
  6. A cytotoxic ribonuclease targeting specific transfer RNA anticodons. Ogawa, T., Tomita, K., Ueda, T., Watanabe, K., Uozumi, T., Masaki, H. Science (1999) [Pubmed]
  7. Queuosine modification in tRNA and expression of the nitrate reductase in Escherichia coli. Jänel, G., Michelsen, U., Nishimura, S., Kersten, H. EMBO J. (1984) [Pubmed]
  8. Queuine, a tRNA anticodon wobble base, maintains the proliferative and pluripotent potential of HL-60 cells in the presence of the differentiating agent 6-thioguanine. French, B.T., Patrick, D.E., Grever, M.R., Trewyn, R.W. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (1991) [Pubmed]
  9. Alterations in cell tetrahydrobiopterin levels may regulate queuine hypomodification of tRNA during differentiation of murine erythroleukemia cells. Parniak, M.A., Andrejchyshyn, S., Marx, S., Kleiman, L. Exp. Cell Res. (1991) [Pubmed]
  10. Queuine metabolism and cadmium toxicity in Drosophila melanogaster. Siard, T.J., Jacobson, K.B., Farkas, W.R. Biofactors (1991) [Pubmed]
  11. Relationship between a tumor promoter-induced decrease in queuine modification of transfer RNA in normal human cells and the expression of an altered cell phenotype. Elliott, M.S., Katze, J.R., Trewyn, R.W. Cancer Res. (1984) [Pubmed]
  12. Inhibition of queuine uptake in diploid human fibroblasts by phorbol-12,13-didecanoate. Requirement for a factor derived from early passage cells. Elliott, M.S., Katze, J.R. J. Biol. Chem. (1986) [Pubmed]
  13. Affinity electrophoresis for monitoring terminal phosphorylation and the presence of queuosine in RNA. Application of polyacrylamide containing a covalently bound boronic acid. Igloi, G.L., Kössel, H. Nucleic Acids Res. (1985) [Pubmed]
  14. Inhibition of queuine uptake in cultured human fibroblasts by phorbol-12,13-didecanoate. Elliott, M.S., Trewyn, R.W., Katze, J.R. Cancer Res. (1985) [Pubmed]
  15. Defective transfer RNA-queuine modification in C3H10T1/2 murine fibroblasts transfected with oncogenic ras. Morgan, C.J., Merrill, F.L., Trewyn, R.W. Cancer Res. (1996) [Pubmed]
  16. A factor in serum and amniotic fluid is a substrate for the tRNA-modifying enzyme tRNA-guanine transferase. Katze, J.R., Farkas, W.R. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (1979) [Pubmed]
  17. Guanine analog-induced differentiation of human promyelocytic leukemia cells and changes in queuine modification of tRNA. Kretz, K.A., Katze, J.R., Trewyn, R.W. Mol. Cell. Biol. (1987) [Pubmed]
  18. The role of queuine in the aminoacylation of mammalian aspartate transfer RNAs. Singhal, R.P., Vakharia, V.N. Nucleic Acids Res. (1983) [Pubmed]
  19. Transglycosylation: a mechanism for RNA modification (and editing?). Garcia, G.A., Kittendorf, J.D. Bioorg. Chem. (2005) [Pubmed]
  20. Characterization of cDNA encoding the human tRNA-guanine transglycosylase (TGT) catalytic subunit. Deshpande, K.L., Katze, J.R. Gene (2001) [Pubmed]
  21. Modulation of lactate dehydrogenase isozymes by modified base queuine. Pathak, C., Vinayak, M. Mol. Biol. Rep. (2005) [Pubmed]
  22. Activation of transfer RNA-guanine ribosyltransferase by protein kinase C. Morris, R.C., Brooks, B.J., Eriotou, P., Kelly, D.F., Sagar, S., Hart, K.L., Elliott, M.S. Nucleic Acids Res. (1995) [Pubmed]
  23. Presence of queuine in Drosophila melanogaster: correlation of free pool with queuosine content of tRNA and effect of mutations in pteridine metabolism. Jacobson, K.B., Farkas, W.R., Katze, J.R. Nucleic Acids Res. (1981) [Pubmed]
  24. A simple tandem repeat polymorphism is present in the eighth intron of FLJ12960, a possible queuine salvage enzyme gene. Vandenbergh, D.J., Grant, M.D., Severns, V. Mol. Cell. Probes (2003) [Pubmed]
  25. Absence of tRNA-guanine transglycosylase in a human colon adenocarcinoma cell line. Gündüz, U., Elliott, M.S., Seubert, P.H., Houghton, J.A., Houghton, P.J., Trewyn, R.W., Katze, J.R. Biochim. Biophys. Acta (1992) [Pubmed]
 
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