Psychiatry related information on isotocin

• Peptide effects on social behavior: effects of vasotocin and isotocin on social approach behavior in male goldfish (Carassius auratus) [1].

High impact information on isotocin

• Forebrain-evoked, rhythmic vocal-motor activity that precisely mimics natural vocalizations was modulated by arginine-vasotocin, isotocin and their antagonists delivered to the preoptic area-anterior hypothalamus, a primary site for behavioural integration in all vertebrates [2].
• Two isotocin genes are present in the white sucker Catostomus commersoni both lacking introns in their protein coding regions [3].
• Transgenic rats reveal functional conservation of regulatory controls between the Fugu isotocin and rat oxytocin genes [4].
• Frog oocytes injected with the AVT receptor-encoding cRNA respond to the application of AVT, but not to its structural and functional counterpart isotocin, by an induction of membrane chloride currents indicating the coupling of the AVT receptor to the inositol phosphate/calcium pathway [5].
• The cDNA nucleotide sequences predict isotocin and vasotocin prohormone precursors each consisting of a signal peptide, a hormone moiety, and a neurophysin-like molecule [6].

Biological context of isotocin

• Screening of the library was carried out with synthetic oligonucleotide probes deduced from the amino acid sequences of the nonapeptides vasotocin and isotocin [6].
• Injecting mesotocin or isotocin into the 3rd ventricle had a facilitatory effect similar to that of oxytocin but vasopressin, vasotocin, MIF I (pro-leu-gly-NH2, terminal triplet oxytocin) or bovine neurophysins I and II did not modify neurosecretory activation or the milk ejection pattern [7].
• Teleost isotocin receptor: structure, functional expression, mRNA distribution and phylogeny [8].
• Infusion of AVT or isotocin at low rates reduced the GFR and urinary flow of freshwater eels to the levels found in seawater eels [9].
• Our study shows that the Fugu isotocin and vasotocin genes express specifically in the mouse oxytocinergic and vasopressinergic neurones, respectively, and that the cis-regulatory elements which mediate neurone-specific expression are located within the short transgene constructs tested [10].

Anatomical context of isotocin

• The expression pattern of sim1 mRNA in the embryonic forebrain is dynamic and complex, and overlaps with isotocin expression in the preoptic area [11].
• The area dorsalis pars medialis of the telencephalon, the saccus dorsalis, and the basal part of the nucleus recessus posterioris were found to be innervated by vasotocin and scarcely by isotocin fibers [12].
• In the nucleus habenularis, the nucleus recessus lobus lateralis, the nucleus preglomerulosus pars medialis, and the tectum mesencephali isotocin fibers prevailed [12].
• Socially induced sex change regulates forebrain isotocin in Lythrypnus dalli [13].
• Our immunocytochemical investigation of the magnocellular neuroendocrine system in the goldfish hypothalamus reveals enkephalin (ENK)-containing neurons interspersed among the vasotocin (VT)- and isotocin (IT)-containing neurons of the preoptic nucleus [14].

Associations of isotocin with other chemical compounds

• The distribution of vasotocin and isotocin in the brain of the rainbow trout Salmo gairdneri was investigated by the unlabeled antibody enzyme method, by using purified antisera against arginine vasotocin and isotocin [12].
• Aggression by territorial males towards 'intruders' (bottled fishes) was assessed before and after each male received intramuscular injections of either AVT, Manning compound (an AVT V1a receptor antagonist), isotocin (the teleost homologue of mammalian oxytocin differing from AVT by two amino acids) or saline (vehicle control) [15].
• The zebrafish bHLH PAS transcriptional regulator, single-minded 1 (sim1), is required for isotocin cell development [11].
• Analogs with selective oxytocic potency (4-threonine oxytocin, isotocin) had high affinity to both [3H]arginine vasopressin and [3H]oxytocin binding sites, as did analogs with both oxytocic and vasopressor activity (vasotocin) [16].
• A 4 nmol/l solution of isotocin had a similar effect to a 0.4 nmol/l solution of oxytocin, but arginine-vasopressin never affected basal release of oxytocin [17].

Gene context of isotocin

• 2. In symmetrical Cl(-) solutions, basolateral application of arginine vasotocin (AVT), oxytocin or isotocin induced a transient I(sc) stimulation (I(peak)), whereas arginine vasopressin (AVP) did not [18].
• Separate vasotocin (AVT)-ir and isotocin (IST)-ir cells were located in the nucleus preopticus (nPO), but many AVT-ir nPO neurons also displayed growth hormone-releasing factor (GRF)-like-ir, and in some animals corticotrophin-releasing factor (CRF)-like-ir [19].
• Here we show that sim1 is expressed in the zebrafish forebrain and is required for isotocin cell development [11].
• Isotocin, which is orthologous to oxytocin, is expressed early in the developing zebrafish brain [20].
• Ultrastructural characterization of neurosecretory fibres immunoreactive for vasotocin, isotocin, somatostatin, LHRH and CRF in the pituitary of a teleost fish, Poecilia latipinna [21].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of isotocin

• Vasotocin and isotocin precursors from the white sucker, Catostomus commersoni: cloning and sequence analysis of the cDNAs [6].
• Using quantitative in-situ hybridization, this study monitored diurnal changes in the abundance of the gene transcripts of two corticotropin-releasing peptides, arginine vasotocin (AVT) and isotocin in hypothalamic neurones, and of pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) mRNA in the pituitary of the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) [22].
• ELISA measurements of vasotocin and isotocin in plasma and pituitary of the rainbow trout: effect of salinity [23].
• The amount of oxytocin in the perfusates further increased-during facilitation of the milk ejection reflex by intraventricular injections of oxytocin or its analogue, isotocin [24].
• Arginine vasotocin (AVT) and isotocin (IT) in plasma and pituitary were determined by HPLC [25].

References