Disease relevance of Administration, Cutaneous

• The cutaneous administration of PEG IL-2 resulted in an indurated zone resembling a delayed-type hypersensitivity response of 26 +/- 1 mm diameter (676 mm2) at 72-96 h after injection throughout the 4 mo of administration [1].
• The findings indicate that IGF-I receptor stimulation is a rate-limiting step in psoriatic epidermal hyperplasia and that IGF-I receptor targeting by cutaneous administration of antisense oligonucleotides forms the basis of a potential new psoriasis therapy [2].
• Treatment of post-orchiectomy hot flashes with transdermal administration of clonidine [3].
• This lesser toxicity may be explained partially by the route of administration, since with percutaneous administration of E2, the steroid bypasses the liver [4].
• A fourth experiment involved the determination of ADME patterns after dermal administration of [14C]DEET at a single low dose of 100 mg DEET/kg body weight [5].

High impact information on Administration, Cutaneous

• Oral but not transdermal administration of estrogen impairs the metabolic action of GH in the liver, causing a fall in IGF-I production and fat oxidation [6].
• It was possible to achieve physiological serum levels of testosterone by transdermal administration of testosterone in two thirds of our hypogonadal men [7].
• We tested the effects of vitamin C (Vit-C) supplementation on glyceroltrinitrate (GTN)-induced hemodynamic effects during 3-d nonintermittent transdermal administration of GTN (0.4 mg/h) in nine healthy subjects [8].
• During percutaneous administration of estradiol, the serum concentrations of estrone and estradiol continued to rise after 3 months and reached a plateau at 6 months of therapy [9].
• trans-4-Hydroxytamoxifen concentration and metabolism after local percutaneous administration to human breast [10].

Chemical compound and disease context of Administration, Cutaneous

• The aim of this work was the evaluation of various ethosomal suspensions made up of water, phospholipids and ethanol at various concentrations for their potential application in dermal administration of ammonium glycyrrhizinate, a useful drug for the treatment of various inflammatory-based skin diseases [11].
• We report that an environmental agent, bis(2-chloroethoxy)methane (CEM), caused cardiac toxicity in male and female F344 rats and B6C3F1 mice exposed to the chemical by dermal administration at doses of 0, 50, 100, 200, 400 or 600 mg/kg 5 days a week for up to 14 weeks [12].
• The ability of transdermal administration of the dopamine D2/D3 agonist piribedil (1-[3,4-methylenedioxybenzyl)]-4-[(2-pyrimidinyl)]piperazine) to reverse hypokinesia and other motor deficits observed in MPTP-treated common marmosets was investigated [13].
• Our study clearly shows that the transdermal administration of estradiol prevents the postmenopausal bone loss, also in postmenopausal women at higher risk of developing osteoporosis as those evaluated in our study [14].
• Tolerance development during transdermal administration of nitroglycerin in angina pectoris [15].

Biological context of Administration, Cutaneous

• The generation of antigen-specific, major histocompatibility complex-restricted cytotoxic T lymphocytes of the CD4+ phenotype. Enhancement by the cutaneous administration of interleukin 2 [16].
• The present study compared the pharmacokinetics of [14C]SDZ ENA 713 after intravenous, oral, and dermal administration to male minipigs, and also examined the effects of dose level and skin abrasion on transdermal absorption [17].
• Bioavailability of propranolol following oral and transdermal administration in rabbits [18].
• Kinetics of monochloroacetic acid at subtoxic and toxic doses in rats after single oral and dermal administrations [19].
• These differences, however, indicate that bupivacaine either by intraoperative use or by intermittent percutaneous administration did not improve postoperative increases in respiratory rate or decreases in forced vital capacity [20].

Anatomical context of Administration, Cutaneous

• Platelet-activating factor (PAF) is a potent phospholipid that has been implicated as a mediator of allergic inflammatory responses, since it may induce a biphasic response and eosinophil infiltration in the skin that is reminiscent of antigen-induced reactions after cutaneous administration in man [21].
• CONCLUSIONS: The transdermal administration of sequential estradiol and norethisterone reduces uterine artery resistance and induces a self-limiting growth of the uterus and endometrium [22].
• Influences of percutaneous administration of estradiol and progesterone on human breast epithelial cell cycle in vivo [23].
• The percutaneous administration of 17 beta-estradiol with or without micronized progesterone, however, was inert as regards subcutaneous adipose tissue metabolism [24].
• The diameters of the 3 main coronary arteries were compared among the angiograms obtained at baseline, 15 minutes following transdermal administration of 10 mg (8 patients) or 25 mg (30 patients) of NTG (Millisrol tape), and after intracoronary injection of 2.5 mg isosorbide dinitrate (ISDN) [25].

Associations of Administration, Cutaneous with chemical compounds

• Transdermal administration of clonidine for treatment of high BP [26].
• These studies determined whether the transdermal administration of selegiline has differential effects on MAOs in brain versus the gastrointestinal system [27].
• Changes in plasma lipoprotein and apolipoprotein composition in relation to oral versus percutaneous administration of estrogen alone or in cyclic association with utrogestan in menopausal women [28].
• Transdermal administration of DHT improves sexual function and may be a useful alternative for androgen replacement [29].
• In contrast, percutaneous administration of estrogen to hysterectomized women only increased HDL2 cholesterol and the triglyceride and cholesterol content of the whole HDL fraction [28].

Gene context of Administration, Cutaneous

• Transdermal administration of 17 beta-oestradiol resulted in a slight increase in serum IGF-1 but no change in mean 24-hour GH levels [30].
• The IC50s for inhibition of MAO-A following oral and transdermal administration for 7 days were 19.8 and 1.1 mg/kg, respectively [31].
• Oestrogens, gonadotrophins and SHBG during oral and cutaneous administration of oestradiol-17 beta to menopausal women [32].
• Percutaneous administration of E2 led to a physiological plasma E1/E2 ratio and did not induce any change in hepatic proteins [33].
• Similar effects on LPS-induced cytokine production were observed following dermal administration of SMD [34].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Administration, Cutaneous

• Effects of hormone replacement therapy on C-reactive protein levels in healthy postmenopausal women: comparison between oral and transdermal administration of estrogen [35].
• To determine whether the route of administration or the type of estrogen used in estrogen replacement therapy (ERT) is more important in avoiding effects on hepatic function, 24 postmenopausal women were studied before and at the end of 2 months of oral or percutaneous administration of the same estrogen, estradiol-17 beta (E2) [33].
• In contrast to the rapid and very marked increase in serum total oestrone following oral administration of oestradiol-17 beta, only a moderate increase was obtained after percutaneous administration and there was a tendency to a biphasic pattern [36].
• The diameter, cross-sectional area, and blood flow of the LIMA graft were measured by transthoracic color Doppler echography before (basal values) and after the transdermal administration of 50 microg of 17beta-estradiol (control) [37].
• Comparison of transdermal administration of fentanyl versus intramuscular administration of butorphanol for analgesia after onychectomy in cats [38].

References