Disease relevance of isocarboxazid

• Case report of successful treatment of bulimia with isocarboxazid [1].
• In a study using isocarboxazid doses of 30 and 50 mg/day in depressed inpatients, the higher dose was well tolerated and did not result in any greater toxicity than the 30 mg dose [2].
• Inpatients with a baseline systolic orthostatic drop of greater than or equal to 10 mm showed a significantly better response to isocarboxazid than did those with an orthostasis of less than 10 mm [3].
• Significant bradycardia was produced by isocarboxazid in outpatients at weeks 2, 3, and 4 relative to placebo, but no dose-related effect was found among inpatients [3].
• Others, such as fluoxetine, isocarboxazid, nefazadone, topiramate, and psychostimulants, may cause weight loss [4].

Psychiatry related information on isocarboxazid

• Fifty-six inpatients with unipolar depression completed treatment with isocarboxazid [5].
• Monoamine oxidase inhibitor therapy for anorexia nervosa and bulimia: a preliminary trial of isocarboxazid [6].
• The change to placebo was accompanied by a marked increase in anxiety and depressive symptoms, which resolved when active isocarboxazid was reintroduced [7].
• Three patients with bipolar disorder developed manic symptoms while receiving a combination of isocarboxazid and amitriptyline during an episode of major depression refractory to previous treatments [8].
• Extracellular unit recordings were obtained from the septal nuclei of rats exposed to different acute treatments: clomipramine, isocarboxazid, trazodone, sleep deprivation, and electroshock [9].

High impact information on isocarboxazid

• Response to isocarboxazid and the DST [10].
• For inpatients, phenelzine was 22.3% (+/- 30.7%) (five studies) more effective than placebo, whereas the isocarboxazid-placebo difference was lower (15.3%) (+/- 12.6%) [11].
• For outpatients, metaanalyses with intent-to-treat samples revealed generally comparable overall efficacy for phenelzine, isocarboxazid, and tranylcypromine [11].
• The effects of isocarboxazid on blood pressure and pulse [3].
• A few factors correlated with better response to both isocarboxazid and placebo: no family history of alcoholism or sociopathy, lack of self-pity, and not meeting Research Diagnostic Criteria for major depressive disorder [12].

Chemical compound and disease context of isocarboxazid

• Because the combination of HMBA and isocarboxazid produces CNS toxicity, 6AcHA is probably not the neurotoxic agent in dogs [13].
• This review summarizes the experimental studies of several investigators who showed that pre-natal administration of such psychotropic drugs as meprobamate, isocarboxazid and reserpine reduced the maze-learning ability of the mature offspring [14].

Biological context of isocarboxazid

• The hydrolysis activity of eprinomectin and isocarboxazid, a specific substrate of RL2 [Hosokawa, M, Maki T and Satoh T (1987) Mol Pharmacol 31:579-584], by liver microsomes from rats treated with various cytochrome P-450 inducers correlated well (r = 0.92) [15].
• In addition, in the strain EHBR, liver microsomal hydrolase activities of acetanilide and isocarboxazid which are hydrolyzed well by esterase-3 were lower than in outbred Sprague-Dawley rat and inbred LEW rat having the D phenotype of esterase-3 [16].

Associations of isocarboxazid with other chemical compounds

• Failure of isocarboxazid and haloperidol to alleviate delusional depression in a pilot study [17].
• Estradiol benzoate had a synergic effect on the PCN-induced increase of isocarboxazid hydrolase, but the actions of the glucocorticoids were not affected [18].
• The head twitches induced by 5-HT (i.c.) were potentiated by the pretreatment of isocarboxazid (3 mg/kg i.p.), and inhibited by cyproheptadine (0.3 mg/kg i.p.), a 5-HT antagonist [19].
• In rats, p-nitrophenyl acetate, isocarboxazid, and butanilicaine hydrolase activities and the contents of RL1, RL2, and RH1 in liver microsomes were all increased, but acetanilide hydrolase activity was not increased [20].
• Moclobemide in depression: a randomized, multicentre trial against isocarboxazide and clomipramine emphasizing atypical depression [21].

Gene context of isocarboxazid

• Novel 2-alkylsulfanyl-1-benzyl-5-imidazolecarboxylic acid hydrazides (15a,b) were synthesized as analogues of isocarboxazide, which is a known nonselective irreversible monoamine oxidase inhibitor and tested for monoamine oxidase A and B inhibitory activity [22].
• Also, elusion profiles of esterase by gel filtration and ion exchange chromatography demonstrated that the active protein(s) for eprinomectin and isocarboxazid hydrolysis coeluted [15].
• The increase in holo/apo ratio of rat TP activity after addition of BZH in concentration of 1 x 10(-4)M, which is a major metabolite of isocarboxazid (ISOC), was higher than those in mice and guinea pigs [23].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of isocarboxazid

• In a 6-week, double-blind study outpatients diagnosed as suffering from atypical depression were treated with either isocarboxazid or placebo [12].
• Eighteen women completed a double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover study designed to investigate the effects of isocarboxazid in the treatment of bulimia nervosa [24].
• Determination of marplan in human plasma using high-performance liquid chromatography [25].
• Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry detected 6AcHA in the plasma of animals that were given placebo but not in the plasma of dogs that received isocarboxazid [13].

References