Disease relevance of Maze Learning

• In aged rats, cyclophosphamide treatment for 14 weeks also produced toxicity, but no impairment in Stone maze learning after 16 weeks of recovery [1].
• Newborn rats injected on Days 1-8 of life with L-phenylalanine (2 g/kg) and p-chlorophenylalanine (80 mg/kg) displayed biochemical symptoms analogous to human phenylketonuria (PKU) and maze learning impairments [2].

Psychiatry related information on Maze Learning

• Bilateral ibotenic acid lesions of the anteromedial neostriatum produce neuropathological and behavioral changes in rats that are characterized by locomotor hyperactivity and severe maze learning impairments, which can be viewed as analogous to changes seen in Huntington disease [3].
• The lesions increased locomotor activity, impaired radial maze learning and, in the dorsal hippocampus, reduced AChE positive staining, decreased ChAT activity (-73%) as well as high affinity uptake of both choline (-81%) and serotonin (-82%) [4].
• These results indicate that tetrahydroaminoacridine and D-cycloserine, separately or in combination, do not themselves alleviate the age-related spatial memory deficit, but may enhance procedural aspects of water maze learning in aged rats [5].
• Bitemporal injections of puromycin consistently induce amnesia of aversive maze learning in mice when administered within 3 days of training [6].

High impact information on Maze Learning

• Impaired maze learning and cerebral glucose utilization in aged hypertensive rats [7].
• Second, a parallel increase was found in hippocampal NLK and gp78 proteins after maze learning [8].
• Nimodipine treatment had no significant effects on behavioral performance of aged rats except in maze learning [9].
• Delayed maze-learning in rats after prenatal exposure to clorazepate [10].
• Phosphodiesterase inhibition by sildenafil citrate attenuates a maze learning impairment in rats induced by nitric oxide synthase inhibition [11].

Chemical compound and disease context of Maze Learning

• Neuroprotective concentrations of the N-methyl-D-aspartate open-channel blocker memantine are effective without cytoplasmic vacuolation following post-ischemic administration and do not block maze learning or long-term potentiation [12].
• Correlation analysis showed no relationship between synaptosomal choline uptake in any brain region and performance in either water maze learning or retention [13].
• The present experiment examined the ethanol intake of the Tryon rat strain, which were bred for high and low maze learning scores [14].
• The effect of dietary docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) [22:6 (n-3)] ethyl ester (EE) and egg-phosphatidylcholine (PC) on maze-learning ability in young and old mice was studied [15].
• Intakes of dietary docosahexaenoic acid ethyl ester and egg phosphatidylcholine improve maze-learning ability in young and old mice [15].

Biological context of Maze Learning

• After long-term memory consolidation following a water maze learning experience, gene expression of IR showed an up-regulation in the CA1, but a down-regulation in the CA3 region [16].
• The present data provide the first evidence for sex differences in radial maze learning in the CD-1 mouse, a strain known for its estrogen insensitivity [17].
• Effect of the novel high affinity choline uptake enhancer 2-(2-oxopyrrolidin-1-yl)-N-(2,3-dimethyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofuro[2,3-b] quinolin-4-yl)acetoamide on deficits of water maze learning in rats [18].

Anatomical context of Maze Learning

• Involvement of dopamine D(2) receptors in complex maze learning and acetylcholine release in ventral hippocampus of rats [19].
• Water maze learning and forebrain mRNA expression of the neural cell adhesion molecule L1 [20].
• Morris water maze learning in two rat strains increases the expression of the polysialylated form of the neural cell adhesion molecule in the dentate gyrus but has no effect on hippocampal neurogenesis [21].
• Effects of aspirative fimbria-fornix lesions and intrahippocampal grafts of fetal septal-diagonal band or hippocampal tissue were examined, in Long Evans female rats, on spontaneous alternation, radial maze learning, hippocampal acetylcholine concentrations and [3H]choline accumulation by hippocampal slices [22].

Gene context of Maze Learning

• Music-exposed mice completed a maze learning task with fewer errors than the white noise-exposed mice and had lower levels of BDNF and higher levels of TrkB and PDK1 in the cortex [23].
• The Morris water maze learning and the LTP in the CA1 area of the hippocampal slice were observed in wild-type mice and mutant mice lacking D-amino-acid oxidase [24].
• Reciprocal changes in expression of mRNA for nerve growth factor and its receptors TrkA and LNGFR in brain of aged rats in relation to maze learning deficits [25].
• We report that while episodes of oscillatory activity are found at various frequencies, most of the rhythmic activity during virtual maze learning occurs within the theta band [26].
• Septal-diagonal band grafts improved open field habituation (within trial decline of ambulatory activity) and radial maze learning; the former was observed only in S16 rats, whereas the latter was observed only in S14 rats [27].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Maze Learning

• Intrahypothalamic microinjections of noradrenaline with and without induction of the alimentary drive as a reward in a T maze learning in rats [28].
• Effects of local infusion of methylmercury on the rat brain: GFAP immunohistochemistry and water maze learning [29].

References