Disease relevance of dorzolamide

• Eight persons with ocular hypertension were treated with the methazolamide-cyclodextrin eye drops and eight persons with dorzolamide (Trusopt), both groups at dosages of three times a day for 1 week [1].
• RESULTS: The periorbital dermatitis occurred after a mean period of 20.4 weeks of commencing dorzolamide hydrochloride therapy [2].
• PURPOSE: To determine by a pilot study whether standard treatment with the topical carbonic anhydrase inhibitor dorzolamide hydrochloride influences visual function under normal breathing conditions, during carbon dioxide inhalation, or during hyperventilation, and to establish criteria for future larger-scale studies [3].
• Efficacy of dorzolamide hydrochloride in the management of chronic cystoid macular edema in patients with retinitis pigmentosa [4].

High impact information on dorzolamide

• PURPOSE: To assess the effects of dorzolamide hydrochloride, a topical carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, on corneal endothelial function [5].
• CONCLUSIONS: Topically administered dorzolamide hydrochloride is effective for reducing the rate of aqueous humor flow in normal human eyes during the day and at night during sleep [6].
• OBJECTIVE: To evaluate dorzolamide hydrochloride in patients younger than 6 years who have an elevated intraocular pressure or glaucoma [7].
• The topical availability of dorzolamide from the cyclodextrin-containing eye drops appeared to be comparable to that from Trusopt and the drug reached retina and optic nerve to give measurable concentrations for at least 8 h after administration of the eye drops [8].
• Due to limited aqueous solubility of dorzolamide at physiologic pH, the pH of Trusopt eye drops (cont. 2% dorzolamide) has to be kept at about 5.65, and to increase the topical bioavailability of the drug from Trusopt the contact time of the drug with the eye surface is increased by increasing the viscosity of the eye drops to 100 cps [8].

Biological context of dorzolamide

• We studied the intraocular pharmacokinetics of dorzolamide hydrochloride eye drops and the effect of dorzolamide on carbonic anhydrase activity and localization in ocular tissues [9].
• Dorzolamide hydrochloride (S,S-5,6-dihydro-4H-4-ethylamino-6-methylthieno [2,3-b]thiopyran-2-sulfonamide-7,7-dioxide HCl; MK-507; L-671,152) is a water-soluble, potent inhibitor of human carbonic anhydrase isoenzymes II and IV in vitro, the respective IC50 values being 0.18 nM and 6.9 nM [10].

Anatomical context of dorzolamide

• Employing LSCRS, the changes in the amplitude of a drug-specific Raman signal were assessed over time in the tearfilm and corneal epithelium of the living rabbit eye (n = 6), after topical application of 25 microL Trusopt 2% [11].
• RESULTS: Cosopt significantly reduced intraocular pressure (14.7 to 13.4 mm Hg, P <.05) and increased arteriovenous passage time (superior temporal artery) of fluorescein dye (2.13 to 1.76 seconds, P =.01) but had no effect on visual function [12].
• BACKGROUND: Dorzolamide hydrochloride is a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor that reduces intraocular pressure (IOP) by decreasing the production of aqueous humour in the ciliary body [13].

Associations of dorzolamide with other chemical compounds

• OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy and safety of topical 2.0% dorzolamide hydrochloride with oral acetazolamide in preventing intraocular pressure (IOP) rise following neodymium:YAG (Nd:YAG) laser posterior capsulotomy [14].
• OBJECTIVES: To measure the effectiveness of topical 0.2% brimonidine tartrate as a suppressor of aqueous humor flow in the human eye compared with the effectiveness of 2% dorzolamide hydrochloride, and to measure the additivity of the effects of the 2 drugs [15].
• OBJECTIVE: To measure the effect of topically applied 2% dorzolamide hydrochloride (Trusopt, Merck & Co Inc, Whitehouse Station, NJ) and different doses of orally administered acetazolamide (Diamox, Lederle Ophthalmic Pharmaceuticals, Pearl River, NY), alone and in combination, on aqueous humor flow [16].
• They were studied after a month on timolol or dorzolamide-timolol (Cosopt; Merck, Inc, Whitehouse Station, New Jersey), with the second drug preceded by another month of timolol maintenance and second baseline measurements [12].
• PURPOSE: To compare the 2.0% dorzolamide/0.5% timolol fixed combination (COSOPT; Merck & Co., Whitehouse Station, NJ) to 0.5% timolol plus 2.0% pilocarpine given concomitantly, and to determine patient preference, tolerability, and impact on daily life in patients with elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) [17].

Gene context of dorzolamide

• Benzalkonium chloride, brimonidine-tartrate, dorzolamide-HCl, Cosopt placebo, Timoptic placebo, and dorzolamide-HCl/timolol-maleate did not significantly elevate IL-6 concentrations [18].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of dorzolamide

• CONCLUSION: The results of the randomized trial indicate that the fixed combination dorzolamide-timolol (Cosopt) was as effective as its components in controlling IOP, confirming results seen in phase 3 clinical trials [19].
• METHODS: This 24-hour, placebo-controlled, randomized, double-masked, multicenter evaluation was conducted to determine the efficacy of dorzolamide hydrochloride 2% in controlling IOP after neodimium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Nd:YAG) laser capsulotomy, argon laser trabeculoplasty, or laser iridotomy [20].
• METHODS: A retrospective study of 14 patients who developed periorbital dermatitis while using topical dorzolamide hydrochloride was undertaken [2].
• PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy of 2% dorzolamide hydrochloride opthalmic solution in preventing spikes in intraocular pressure (IOP) after anterior segment laser surgery [20].
• Voltammetric and HPLC determination of dorzolamide hydrochloride in eye drops [21].

References