Disease relevance of Folaprim

• Maloprim and agranulocytosis [1].
• METHODS: We report a series of three male National Servicemen with hypersensitivity syndrome from Maloprim [2].
• Maloprim-induced pulmonary eosinophilia [3].
• RESULTS: The three patients were diagnosed with hypersensitivity syndrome based on the presence of features of a drug hypersensitivity syndrome including fever, lymphadenopathy, maculopapular exanthema, hepatitis, and definite exposure to weekly Maloprim alone [2].
• Inadequate prophylaxis of Plasmodium falciparum malaria with once-a-week Maloprim therapy [4].

High impact information on Folaprim

• Hypersensitivity syndrome associated with dapsone/pyrimethamine (Maloprim) antimalaria chemoprophylaxis [2].
• BACKGROUND: Dapsone 100 mg/pyrimethamine 12.5 mg (Maloprim; Beacons Chemicals Pte Ltd, Singapore) is routinely prescribed for antimalarial chemoprophylaxis in military servicemen in Singapore who are not glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase-deficient [2].
• Given that only a small amount of blood is required in this method, it could now be applied in studies involving blood level monitoring and pharmacokinetics in children on Maloprim (dapsone-pyrimethamine) prophylaxis in malaria endemic areas [5].
• We have investigated this possibility by studying the outcome of second pregnancies in 165 Gambian women who had received either malaria chemoprophylaxis with Maloprim or placebo during their first pregnancy [6].
• The antibody response rate to the GLURP was lower in the Maloprim group than in the placebo group during the intervention phase [7].

Chemical compound and disease context of Folaprim

• The dapsone-pyrimethamine combination (100 mg of dapsone, 12.5 mg of pyrimethamine [Folaprim; Maloprim, one tablet a week) is considered to provide adequate prophylaxis for Plasmodium falciparum malaria, but to be inadequate for the prevention of P. vivax malaria [8].
• Idiosyncratic reaction resembling toxic epidermal necrolysis caused by chloroquine and maloprim [9].

Biological context of Folaprim

• Primigravidae who received Maloprim had a lower parasite rate and a significantly higher mean packed cell volume than primigravidae who received placebo, and their babies were significantly heavier (6% low birth weight vs 22%) [10].
• In recent trials in The Gambia, mass chemoprophylaxis with Maloprim administered over several years by primary health care workers to children aged 3-59 months has reduced both mortality and morbidity without inducing impairment of natural immunity or significant development of drug resistance [11].

Associations of Folaprim with other chemical compounds

• These results were not statistically different from those obtained for either falciparum (P = 0.28) or vivax (P = 0.36) malaria in the control group of 64 men receiving Maloprim and chloroquine [12].
• Efficacy of dapsone with pyrimethamine (Maloprim) for malaria prophylaxis in Maputo, Mozambique [13].
• Controlled trial of lambda-cyhalothrin impregnated bed nets and Maloprim chemosuppression to control malaria in children living in a holoendemic area of Sierra Leone, west Africa. Study design and preliminary results [14].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Folaprim

• Additionally, children aged 6 months to 5 years were randomised to receive weekly either chemoprophylaxis with maloprim or a placebo throughout the malaria transmission season [15].
• The slide positivity rate was lower in the Maloprim group at all cross-sectional surveys (23 vs 37% at day 2; 9 vs 20% at day 7; 21 vs 32% at day 14) but none of these differences reached statistical significance [16].
• The relative risks of non-specific upper respiratory tract infections were studied in two well matched groups of military recruits to see whether dapsone-pyrimethamine (Maloprim) given as antimalarial prophylaxis was associated with immunosuppression [17].

References