Disease relevance of Cyhalothrin K

• Letter: Karate myoglobinuria [1].
• Survival and growth of monarch larvae, Danaus plexippus (L.), after exposure to either Cry1Ab-expressing pollen from three Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) corn (Zea mays L.) events differing in toxin expression or to the insecticide, lambda-cyhalothrin, were examined in field studies [2].
• However, survivorship and weight gain were drastically reduced in non-Bt fields treated with lambda-cyhalothrin [2].
• In this study, the genotoxic and cytotoxic potential of lambda-cyhalothrin (LCT), a synthetic pyrethroid insecticide, was investigated in Wistar rat bone-marrow cells, using the structural chromosomal aberration (SCA) and micronucleus (MN) test systems [3].
• The toxicity of the pyrethroid insecticide lambda-cyhalothrin to freshwater invertebrates has been investigated using data from short-term laboratory toxicity tests and in situ bioassays and population-level effects in field microcosms [4].

High impact information on Cyhalothrin K

• Bifenthrin, cyfluthrin, and lambda-cyhalothrin may have originated either from professional structural pest control or from lawn and garden care by homeowners [5].
• Protective efficacy of lambda-cyhalothrin treated nets in anopheles gambiae pyrethroid resistance areas of Côte d'Ivoire [6].
• The frequency of micronucleated erythrocytes was significantly increased while the nucleolar parameters were repressed by lambda-cyhalothrin treatment [7].
• Cytogenetic effects of lambda-cyhalothrin on Wistar rat bone marrow [3].
• The Karate and the non-long terminal repeat (non-LTR) retrotransposon BMC1 are inserted into a 412-like retrotransposon (Judo) [8].

Chemical compound and disease context of Cyhalothrin K

• The hyperactivity, incoordination, recovery, and mortality produced by four alpha-cyanopyrethroids usually used for Chagas disease vector control (beta-cypermethrin, beta-cyfluthrin, lambda-cyhalothrin, and deltamethrin) were evaluated on third instar nymphs of Rhodnius prolixus [9].
• Ten pesticides had sufficient laboratory data to enable the observed higher-tier effects to be compared with 5% hazardous concentrations (HC5) estimated from acute toxicity laboratory data (atrazine, carbendazim, chlorpyrifos, diazinon, dimethoate, gamma-hexachlorocy-clohexane, lambda-cyhalothrin, parathion, pentachlorophenol, and propoxur) [10].
• Although some pyrethroids, such as cyfluthrin and lambda-cyhalothrin, are highly toxic to honey bees, the toxicity of tau-fluvalinate is low enough to warrant its use to control parasitic mites inside honey bee colonies [11].
• Five insecticides (pyriproxifen, imidacloprid, deltamethrin + heptenophos, lambda-cyhalothrin and Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner subsp. tenebrionis) were examined in the laboratory for their acute detrimental side-effects at field rates on adult seven-spot ladybird beetle, Coccinella septempunctata L [12].
• Field efficacy of fipronil 3G, lambda-cyhalothrin 10%CS, and sumithion 50EC against the dengue vector Aedes albopictus in discarded tires [13].

Biological context of Cyhalothrin K

• Toxicokinetics of lambda-cyhalothrin in rats [14].
• Effects of sub-lethal and lethal doses of lambda-cyhalothrin on oviposition experience and host-searching behaviour of a parasitic wasp, Aphidius ervi [15].
• Lambda-cyhalothrin appears to have the insecticidal activity required for operational mosquito control [16].
• Lambda-cyhalothrin-induced changes in oxidative stress biomarkers in rabbit erythrocytes and alleviation effect of some antioxidants [17].
• Alkaline hydrolysis in the water near the surface of macrophytes and phytoplankton is considered to be the main dissipation process for lambda-cyhalothrin [18].

Anatomical context of Cyhalothrin K

• Evaluation of cytogenetic effects of lambda-cyhalothrin on human lymphocytes [19].
• Induction of micronuclei by lambda-cyhalothrin in Wistar rat bone marrow and gut epithelial cells [20].
• The T1/2beta for lambda-cyhalothrin was significantly greater for the nerve tissues, including neuromuscular fibres, (range 12-26 and 15-34 h, after i.v. and oral doses) than for plasma (7.55 and 10.27 h, respectively) [14].
• Plasma, liver, hypothalamus, cerebellum, medulla oblongata, frontal cortex, striatum, hippocampus, midbrain, spinal cord, vas deferens, anococcygeus, myenteric plexus and sciatic nerve concentrations of lambda-cyhalothrin were determined by HPLC [14].
• In experiments done in May and August, formulated lambda-cyhalothrin was mixed with the water body of enclosures in experimental ditches containing a bottom layer and macrophytes (at different densities) or phytoplankton [18].

Associations of Cyhalothrin K with other chemical compounds

• DDT and lambda-cyhalothrin treatment did not reduce the prevalence of malaria episodes as defined by fever (temperatures > or = 37.4 degrees C and/or fever reported) combined with high parasitaemia (> or = 100 parasites/200 leucocytes) [21].
• Gas chromatography analyses of eight dislodgeable foliar residue (DFR) samples verified mean residues of lambda-cyhalothrin (0.43 +/- 0.10 microg/cm2), propargite (0.35 +/- 0.11 microg/cm2), and sulfur (0.31 +/- 0.28 microg/cm2) on the grape leaves [22].
• Rate of degradation of lambda-cyhalothrin and methomyl in grapes (Vitis vinifera L.) [23].
• After 48 h exposure there were only slight increases in mortalities of both species except for increased mortalities for the northern fowl mite with lambda cyhalothrin, amitraz and fenvalerate, and for the chicken mite with amitraz [24].
• Maximal Accumulated Oxygen Deficit and Blood Responses of Ammonia, Lactate and pH after Anaerobic Test: a Comparison between International and National Elite Karate Athletes [25].

Gene context of Cyhalothrin K

• These selected larvae were shown to cross-resist to lambda-cyhalothrin as well as to DDT [26].
• Icon was gavaged daily for 7 consecutive days in three different doses; 63, 83, or 125 mg/kg/day (active ingredient; lambda cyhalothrin; 6.3, 8.3, 12.5 mg/kg/day), respectively [27].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Cyhalothrin K

• The mortality rates of Lutzomyia verrucarum measured with WHO contact bioassay cones set on adobe walls characteristic of the endemic region indicated an LD95 for lambda-cyhalothrin of about 20 mg/m2, and no reduction in effectiveness for at least 6 months on indoor adobe walls sprayed with 25 mg/m2 [28].
• After oral administration, lambda-cyhalothrin was extensively but slowly absorbed (Tmax, 2.69 h) [14].
• In lambda-cyhalothrin plots 24 h after treatment, 100% reductions of both T. lateralis and N. indica were highly significant (P < 0.05) from the lower level of control in An. quadrimaculatus (10%) [29].
• Detection and separation of fenpropathrin, flucythrinate, fluvalinate, and PP 321 by thin-layer chromatography [30].

References