Disease relevance of Sierra Leone

• In a prospective study to determine the tolerance for and safety of ivermectin therapy for onchocerciasis in a hyperendemic area in Sierra Leone, 28 (32%) of 87 patients had adverse reactions that required treatment with acetylsalicylic acid and antihistamines, but none of the observed adverse reactions were considered life-threatening [1].
• We used the ribavirin radioimmunoassay to determine the ribavirin concentration in mouse plasma after intraperitoneal administration, in the sera of adults from Sierra Leone after oral or intravenous administration for treatment of suspected Lassa fever, and in the sera of children in the United States after small-particle aerosol administration [2].
• Cluster of chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum malaria cases among short-term travellers to Sierra Leone [3].
• Topical 5% povidone-iodine for the treatment of corneal ulcers was observed in Sierra Leone, West Africa by one of us (D.J.D.). To test the efficacy of topical 5% povidone-iodine for infectious keratitis, experimental Pseudomonas aeruginosa keratitis was induced in 12 rabbits by first abrading the central 3 mm of corneal epithelium [4].
• A PEG-ELISA was used to demonstrate parasite specific immune complexes in a significant proportion (25/26) of Onchocerca volvulus infection sera from Sierra Leone [5].

High impact information on Sierra Leone

• The antiprotozoal compound 1,5-di(4-amidinophenoxy)pentane (pentamidine) and 36 of its analogs were screened for in vitro activity against Leishmania mexicana amazonensis clone 669 C4S (MHOM/BR/73/M2269) and Plasmodium falciparum clones W2 (Indochina III/CDC) and D6 (Sierra Leone I/CDC) [6].
• Fourteen Sierra Leone M. africanum isolates (designated group A) had katG codon 203 ACC Thr, also found in M. africanumT (the T indicates type strain) from Senegal [7].
• The transmission resulting from the reinvasion of northern Côte d'Ivoire and Burkina Faso has been reduced by over 95%, but eastern Mali has proved more difficult to protect because of sources in both Guinea and Sierra Leone [8].
• A controlled trial of lambda-cyhalothrin-impregnated bed nets and/or dapsone/pyrimethamine for malaria control in Sierra Leone [9].
• Disequilibria in the distribution of rpoB alleles in rifampicin-resistant M. tuberculosis isolates from Germany and Sierra Leone [10].

Chemical compound and disease context of Sierra Leone

• The Onchocerciasis Control Programme in West Africa recently extended its operation to Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, the western part of Mali, Senegal and Sierra Leone [11].

Biological context of Sierra Leone

• Sera from 180 blood donors in Sierra Leone were examined by combined hemagglutination - inhibition, complement fixation, and neutralization tests for antibodies against 10 arbovirus [12].

Associations of Sierra Leone with chemical compounds

• Fatal parathion poisoning in Sierra Leone [13].
• Albendazole therapy and reduced decline in haemoglobin concentration during pregnancy (Sierra Leone) [14].
• Evidence basis for antimalarial policy change in Sierra Leone: five in vivo efficacy studies of chloroquine, sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine and amodiaquine [15].
• OBJECTIVES: To provide nationally relevant information on the antimalarial efficacy of chloroquine (CQ), sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) and amodiaquine (AQ) in Sierra Leone, with a view to updating antimalarial policy in the country [15].
• DESIGN/SETTING: From September to December of 1994, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 72 patients and 17 staff of the National Leprosy and Tuberculosis Control Programme of Sierra Leone, a screening and treatment programme funded by international donors [16].

Gene context of Sierra Leone

• In this report, SM resistance associated mutations in the rrs and rpsL genes of 25 SM resistant isolates from Germany and 25 SM resistant isolates from Sierra Leone were characterized and compared [17].
• DESIGN: Codons 94 and 95 in the inhA gene and codons 315 and 463 in the katG gene were characterized in 50 INH-resistant and 12 INH-sensitive isolates from Germany and Sierra Leone [18].
• From December 1999 to the end of February 2000, 4218 cases of dysentery were reported in Kenema district, southeastern Sierra Leone, by a Médecins Sans Frontières team operating in this region [19].
• This study showed that it is possible to run an effective intervention for neuropathic pain in Sierra Leone with intermittent expert involvement and MSF have been able to develop a protocol for the assessment and treatment of neuropathic pain that may be useful in other difficult settings in which they work [20].
• This paper reviews 100 years of malaria field research and control in Sierra Leone, which became known as the 'White Man's Grave' in the 19th century largely because of the high malaria-related mortality amongst Europeans living there [21].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Sierra Leone

• Comparison of albendazole and levamisole chemotherapy on prevalence and intensity of common soil-transmitted helminth infections in school children, Sierra Leone [22].
• The results are presented of an animal health survey of cattle in the Bombali Region in Northern Sierra Leone between Feb 14 and June 30, 1977 [23].

References