Disease relevance of Hexahydrophthalic acid anhydride

• Hemorrhagic rhinitis. An immunologic disease due to hexahydrophthalic anhydride [1].
• Hexahydrophthalic anhydride derivatives are strong sensitizers capable of inducing allergic rhinitis, asthma and urticaria (type I allergy) and allergic contact dermatitis (type IV allergy) [2].
• Occupational immunologic lung diseases caused by exposures to substances such as hexahydrophthalic anhydride are significant health problems [3].

High impact information on Hexahydrophthalic acid anhydride

• Hyperbranched polyesteramides (DA2), prepared from hexahydrophthalic anhydride (D) and diisopropanolamine (A) have been characterized, by use of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS), field desorption (FD)-MS, and electrospray ionization (ESI)-MS [4].
• Correlations between air levels of hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) and HHPA-adducted albumin tryptic peptides in nasal lavage fluid from experimentally exposed volunteers [5].
• We established a guinea-pig model of anaphylactic bronchoconstriction provoked in immunized animals by inhalation and intravenous administration of 4,4-methyltetrahydrophthalic anhydride (MTHPA) and hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) [6].
• Method for the biological monitoring of hexahydrophthalic anhydride by the determination of hexahydrophthalic acid in urine using gas chromatography and selected-ion monitoring [7].
• METHODS: Urine samples from occupationally exposed workers were analyzed for the levels of urinary metabolites of HHPA and MHHPA, and the levels were used as the index of exposure [8].

Chemical compound and disease context of Hexahydrophthalic acid anhydride

• One contact urticaria was caused by an epoxy resin hardener, methyl hexahydrophthalic anhydride [9].

Biological context of Hexahydrophthalic acid anhydride

• Occupational exposure to certain acid anhydrides, including trimellitic anhydride (TMA), maleic anhydride (MA), phthalic anhydride (PA), hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) and methyltetrahydrophthalic anhydride (MTHPA), has been associated with the development of respiratory allergy or asthma [10].
• Binding of the potent allergen hexahydrophthalic anhydride in the mucosa of the upper respiratory and alimentary tract following single inhalation exposures in guinea pigs and rats [11].
• Toxicokinetics and biological monitoring in experimental exposure of humans to gaseous hexahydrophthalic anhydride [12].
• Occupational exposure to hexahydrophthalic anhydride: air analysis, percutaneous absorption, and biological monitoring [13].

Associations of Hexahydrophthalic acid anhydride with other chemical compounds

• The main component in the hardener was HHPA, and the geometric mean concentrations of HHPA in the workplaces were extremely low (<40 microg/m3) in recent years, compared to the Occupational Exposure Limit-Ceiling for phthalic anhydride (2 mg/m3) [14].

Gene context of Hexahydrophthalic acid anhydride

• Radioallergosorbent inhibition studies performed with sera containing high levels of himic anhydride-human serum albumin specific IgE from a symptomatic worker demonstrated cross-allergenicity between himic anhydride-human serum albumin and hexahydrophthalic anhydride-human serum albumin allergenic determinants [15].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Hexahydrophthalic acid anhydride

• In vivo conjugation of nasal lavage proteins by hexahydrophthalic anhydride [16].
• Determination of hexahydrophthalic anhydride in air using gas chromatography [17].
• Antibody against HHPA conjugated to human serum albumin (HHP-HSA) was measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay [18].
• In a retrospective study, 16 consecutive employees with HHPA-induced immunologic respiratory disease who had been removed from exposure for more than 1 year were evaluated [19].
• A method for direct measurement of hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) in workplace air by use of a Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometer was developed [20].

References