Disease relevance of Rhinitis

• Most cases (95%) of childhood asthma are associated with atopy, the immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated familial syndrome of allergic asthma, eczema and rhinitis [1].
• In this study we test the hypothesis that eosinophil infiltration during allergen-provoked rhinitis in hayfever sufferers may occur as a consequence of activation of a population of cells having a characteristic cytokine profile equivalent to the murine Th lymphocyte Th2 subset [2].
• Modulation of gland AQP5 expression or function might provide a novel approach to treat hyperviscous gland secretions in cystic fibrosis and excessive fluid secretions in infectious or allergic bronchitis/rhinitis [3].
• Asthma, rhinitis, and eosinophilia were exclusions, as was daily use of > 10 mg of prednisone (or 20 mg on alternate days) [4].
• Chronic rhinitis afflicts many American adults; the exact number is unknown because of the difficulty in establishing an exact diagnosis and because of the likely presence of overlap syndromes, including perennial allergic rhinitis, perennial nonallergic rhinitis with eosinophilia, and so-called vasomotor rhinitis [5].

Psychiatry related information on Rhinitis

• We hypothesized that younger subjects, women, and allergic rhinitis sufferers would display lower sensory thresholds than would older subjects, men, and rhinitis non-sufferers [6].

High impact information on Rhinitis

• "Asthma," "rhinitis" and "atopy" reconsidered [7].
• Asymptomatic thrush developed in four patients and rhinitis developed in ten patients as prednisone therapy was discontinued [8].
• Pathophysiology of rhinitis. Lactoferrin and lysozyme in nasal secretions [9].
• FINDINGS: We found a significant association between a BstXI polymorphism in MCC and eczema (odds ratio 2.17 [95% CI 1.21-3.88], p = 0.009), but no association with atopic asthma, rhinitis, or non-atopic asthma [10].
• Assessments of allergen-specific IgE, clinical rhinitis, and asthma were made in the donors prior to BMT and in the recipients with a mean follow-up of 15.5 years after BMT [11].

Chemical compound and disease context of Rhinitis

• Rhinitis also was increased in severity by HMPA in conventional rats, but not in experimentally infected PF or axenic rats [12].
• Allergic subjects had an immediate response to antigenic challenge with symptoms of rhinitis highly correlated with increments in the concentrations of histamine, prostaglandin D2, kinins and kininogens, leukotrienes, and toluene sulfonyl arginine methyl ester esterase activity in their nasal secretions [13].
• All of the patients share a common history of chronic rhinitis and habitual use of large doses of nasal spray containing 9 alpha-fluoroprednisolone and vasoconstrictor agents [14].
• Intranasal beclomethasone dipropionate significantly reduced global rhinitis symptom scores (p = 0.05) after 4 weeks of treatment [15].
• RESULTS: Reductions of the Rhinitis Index Score (mean +/- SEM) were 4.20 +/- 0.21 and 4.60 +/- 0.21 for triamcinolone and fluticasone, respectively (p = 0.23) [16].

Biological context of Rhinitis

• Thus, treating rhinitis with ipratropium bromide should not increase the burden for inspired air conditioning on the conducting pulmonary airways [17].
• To investigate the role of blocking antibodies in allergen immunotherapy (IT), we analyzed IgE, IgG, and IgG subclass 1 to 4 antibody responses to ryegrass group I antigen (RGGI) in a prospective double-blind, heterologous allergen, allergen-controlled trial of grass-pollen IT in 18 adults with seasonal rhinitis and asthma [18].
• Finally, epidemiologic data suggest that asthma and allergic rhinitis represent a continuum of disease, whereby those individuals with less severe disease will express rhinitis without asthma and those individuals with more severe disease express more than 1 phenotype [19].
• We studied regional changes in ventilation and aerosol deposition after histamine challenge in six patients with asthma and two with rhinitis and a history of wheezing [20].
• The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effect of intranasal fluticasone propionate and beclomethasone dipropionate on BHR and bronchial calibre (forced expiratory volume in one second, FEV(1)) in children and young adults with seasonal rhinitis and mild asthma during two consecutive grass pollen seasons [21].

Anatomical context of Rhinitis

• Production of RANTES by epithelium could contribute to the mechanism of selective cellular recruitment occurring in the airways during inflammation, thus playing a relevant role in the pathogenesis of diseases such as asthma, rhinitis, and polyposis [22].
• The present study was designed to investigate the expression of IL-13 gene in the epithelial compartment of the nasal mucosa of patients with perennial allergic rhinitis (PAR) to house dust mite, comparing it with that in the nasal epithelial compartment of chronic infectious rhinitis (CIR) patients and normal volunteers (NV) [23].
• Human allergen-induced rhinitis is associated with recruitment and activation of CD4+ T lymphocytes and eosinophils [24].
• Leukocyte histamine release was demonstrated to TMA-HSA in one worker with high levels of IgE antibody specific for TMA-HSA who had severe symptoms of acute rhinitis and asthma [25].
• In addition, skin test studies with histamine (2 micrograms) and morphine (5 micrograms) performed to assess cutaneous vascular and mast cell responsiveness in patients with BMF, normal volunteers and controls with rhinitis revealed no significant differences in cutaneous reactivity to these pharmacologic agents [26].

Gene context of Rhinitis

• We hypothesize that an abnormal regulation of COX-2 will predispose patients with asthma to develop aspirin-intolerant asthma/rhinitis (AIAR) [27].
• Co-expression of endothelin-1 and endothelin-converting enzyme-1 in patients with chronic rhinitis [28].
• RESULTS: Without the nasal provocation, only the expression of CD86 was increased in nasal mucosa of patients with allergic rhinitis compared with those with non-allergic rhinitis [29].
• CONCLUSION: These results indicate that the expression of CD80/CD86 molecules and their counter-receptors is induced in allergic patients following nasal provocation with allergen, suggesting a local amplification of allergen-specific immune responses in perennial rhinitis [29].
• Thus, we sought to determine the role of IL-4 in the initiation of allergic rhinitis in vivo with this model [30].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Rhinitis

• Chronic rhinitis was not associated with allergen skin test reactivity [31].
• This article presents a double-blind, placebo-controlled study on the role of HRF in ragweed-allergic rhinitis and its modulation by natural pollen exposure and specific immunotherapy (IT) [32].
• After antigen challenge, the subjects with asthma released significant amounts of bronchoconstrictive mediators, such as histamine and thromboxane B2 into the lavage fluid, whereas subjects with rhinitis alone did not [33].
• Epidemiologic studies continue to find an increased prevalence of rhinitis, asthma, and atopy in more westernized countries [34].
• ARIA update: I-Systematic review of complementary and alternative medicine for rhinitis and asthma [35].

References