Disease relevance of TTF1

• Negative staining with CD99, desmin, NB84, alpha-inhibin, and TTF1 may aid in the cases in which primitive neuroectodermal tumor, rhabdomyosarcoma, intraabdominal desmoplastic small round cell tumor, neuroblastoma, a sex cord-stromal tumor, and metastatic pulmonary small cell carcinoma are in the differential [1].
• We termed this lung cancer system TTS (TTF1 gene under the control of human telomerase reverse transcriptase promoter and human surfactant protein A1 promoter) [2].
• This study investigated the relation between positive thyroid transcription factor 1 (TTF1) staining and survival of patients affected by primary adenocarcinoma (ADC) of the lung [3].
• In this context, collagens (COL7, 17) and cytokeratins (CK6, 15, 17) are preferentially induced in squamous cell carcinoma, whereas several transcription factors (TTF1, DAT1, TF-2) are exclusively elevated in adenocarcinomas [4].
• To examine TTF-1 target proteins, recombinant, phosphorylated TTF-1(42) was expressed in nuclei of cells by adenovirus transduction [5].

Psychiatry related information on TTF1

• In this study, a potential role for TTF-1 in the regulation of feeding behavior was identified [6].
• Food deprivation for two days markedly increased the hypothalamic levels of TTF-1 mRNA and protein [6].

High impact information on TTF1

• Expression of surfactant protein C (SP-C), which is restricted to alveolar type II epithelial cells of the adult lung, is critically dependent on thyroid transcription factor 1 (TTF-1) [7].
• Thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF-1, product of the Nkx2.1 gene) is essential for branching morphogenesis of the lung and enhances expression of surfactant proteins by alveolar type II cells [5].
• We conclude that 42-kD TTF-1 is required for induction of a subset of regulated genes during type II cell differentiation [5].
• These data indicated that the ubiquitin proteasome pathway is essential for the maintenance of surfactant protein gene expression and that disruption of this pathway inhibits surfactant protein gene expression via reduced expression of TTF-1 protein [8].
• Western blot analysis with cellular proteins extracted from normal human liver and thyroid tissue demonstrated that Hep Par 1 and TTF-1 (8G7G3/1) bound to a protein band of approximately 150 kd in liver cells, with TTF-1 (8G7G3/1) showing less affinity [9].

Biological context of TTF1

• Gene expression profiling of the nonhuman primate hypothalamus revealed that TTF1 expression increases at puberty [10].
• Thus, although TTF1 appears to fulfill only a morphogenic function in the ventral telencephalon, once this function is satisfied in the hypothalamus, TTF1 remains active as part of the transcriptional machinery controlling female sexual development [10].
• In histology and cell block sections, antibodies to thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF-1) and p63 have been demonstrated to be useful markers for distinguishing between small-cell lung carcinoma and poorly differentiated pulmonary squamous cell carcinoma [11].
• Nitrofen decreased proliferation and TTF-1 and SP-B protein expressions with no apparent effect on apoptosis [12].
• This TTF-1 decrease was followed by a significant decrease in neuropeptide Y mRNA content and an increase in proopiomelanocortin mRNA content, and in turn resulted in a decrease of the animal's food intake and body weight [6].

Anatomical context of TTF1

• It is likely that different epitopes to Hep Par 1 and TTF-1 (8G7G3/1) share the same protein molecule in hepatocyte mitochondria [9].
• In conclusion, our results demonstrate that TTF-1 cannot distinguish between primary and metastatic tumors of branchial cleft cysts [13].
• Results: Positive rates of TTF-1 for body fluids collected from patients with lung, stomach, ovarian, breast, colorectal and liver carcinomas were 41/50, 0/11, 0/6, 0/5, 0/2 and 0/1, respectively [14].
• TTF-1 is a member of the NKx family of homeodomain genes, and is required for morphogenesis and fetal diencephalon development [6].

Associations of TTF1 with chemical compounds

• Addition of vitamin E normalized the levels of the three transcripts, while vitamin A normalized only those of TTF-1 and SP-B mRNA [12].

Regulatory relationships of TTF1

• In this paper, we demonstrate that TTF-2 is able to inhibit the activity of the thyroid-specific transcription factors TTF-1 and Pax-8 only on certain promoters [15].

Other interactions of TTF1

• We suggest that TTF-2 is able to interfere with a specific cofactor required for TTF-1 and Pax-8 activity [15].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of TTF1

• The TTF1 SNP was confirmed by allele-specific PCR but was not informative in any of the families used for linkage analysis [16].
• In conclusion, TTF1 is a highly specific marker for primary lung adenocarcinomas, and should be included in a panel of antibodies for the differential diagnosis between primary and metastatic adenocarcinomas of the lung [17].
• Transcript for 42-kD TTF-1 was 20-fold more abundant than TTF-1(46) mRNA by RT-PCR [5].
• We studied the antibodies hepatocyte paraffin 1 (Hep Par 1) and thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF-1; clone 8G7G3/1) in normal human liver tissue with immunoelectron microscopy using renal tubules as control samples [9].
• Immunohistochemistry for thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF-1) is considered an important ancillary technique for distinguishing primary pulmonary adenocarcinomas from metastases [18].

References