Disease relevance of Body Fluids

• Interleukin 2 production to HIV peptides was detected in PBMCs from six of eight HIV-exposed individuals, but in only one of the nine health care workers exposed to HIV-negative body fluids (P < .008) [1].
• "Endogenous" benzodiazepine activity in body fluids of patients with hepatic encephalopathy [2].
• The major effects of Ang II can be classified into three groups, which imply three possible functions: The first, and largest, group is actions associated with the regulation of body fluid volume in response to hypovolemia [3].
• Identification of LAM cells with TSC2 LOH in body fluids was not correlated with severity of lung disease or extrapulmonary involvement and was found in one patient after double lung transplantation [4].
• Information on the hemodynamic effects of vasopressin (AVP) in healthy humans is very limited despite its known importance in body fluid homeostasis and release in pathologic states such as hemorrhage and trauma [5].

Psychiatry related information on Body Fluids

• These results suggest that PACAP in the SFO may play a role in the humoral and neural changes associated with the regulation of body fluid balance after water deprivation [6].
• Maternal ingested methadone, body fluid methadone, and the neonatal withdrawal syndrome [7].
• During the last two decades, NPY body fluid concentrations and NPY/PYY brain receptor numbers have been demonstrated to be altered during the course of Alzheimer's disease [8].
• Cocaine in body fluids: analysis and interpretation of the drug abuse specimen [9].
• South Carolina's Greenville Hospital System (GHS) minimizes caregivers' exposure to blood and body fluid through a risk-reduction program that hinges on feedback from data analysis and frontline staff [10].

High impact information on Body Fluids

• The hypothalamo-neurohypophysial system plays a fundamental role in the maintenance of body fluid homeostasis by secreting vasopressin and oxytocin in response to osmotic and nonosmotic stimuli [11].
• Angiotensin II also plays an important role in the regulation of body fluids, being a potent inducer of thirst and, in general, antagonizes the actions of ANP [11].
• Klf4-/- mice die shortly after birth due to loss of skin barrier function, as measured by penetration of external dyes and rapid loss of body fluids [12].
• This test detects as little as 3 ng of the p30 antigen per milliliter in various body fluids [13].
• However, the antigen cannot be detected in body fluids from women, including vaginal fluid and urine, suggesting that p30 may be a male-specific antigen [13].

Chemical compound and disease context of Body Fluids

• Selection of a monoclonal antibody reactive with a high-molecular-weight glycoprotein circulating in the body fluid of gastrointestinal cancer patients [14].
• This review focuses on abnormalities of body fluids, sodium and potassium in patients with creatinine clearances of less than 20 ml/min due to chronic renal failure and the impact of conservative therapy, dialysis and renal transplantation on these patients [15].
• Role of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors in essential and renal hypertension. Effects of captopril and enalapril on renin-angiotensin-aldosterone, renal function and hemodynamics, salt and water excretion, and body fluid composition [16].
• CONCLUSIONS: Successful therapy of histoplasmosis with amphotericin B is associated with reduction of HPA in body fluids [17].
• Phenylketonuria, PKU, is caused by deficiency of phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH) resulting in increased levels of phenylalanine in body fluids [18].

Biological context of Body Fluids

• The patient showed normal muscle morphology and a remarkably nonspecific fatal progressive phenotype without increased lactate concentrations in body fluids [19].
• The bioavailability of progesterone, in terms of area under the time--concentration curve and the maximal concentration in the two body fluids, was significantly higher when the steroid was infused or sprayed intranasally than when it was injected intravenously [20].
• Our results indicate that soluble Fc gamma RIII in body fluids might be derived for a large part from neutrophils undergoing apoptosis in the tissues [21].
• These observations extend the role of taurine from the regulation of cell volume to that of the whole body fluid balance [22].
• The levels of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and 8-hydroxyguanine (8-OHG), indicators of oxidative DNA damage, in tissue or body fluid are increased in diabetic patients [23].

Anatomical context of Body Fluids

• Soluble fibronectin is found in body fluids and media of adherent cultured cells and binds to fibrin and collagen [24].
• Examination of the lungs, body-fluids, and tissues shows that the heparin is cleared rapidly from the lung and enters a body cellular compartment (probably the macrophages) from which it is slowly released to plasma [25].
• These data suggest that debrisoquin may be used as a research tool to create a condition in which measures of HVA in peripheral body fluids reflect dopamine system function and metabolism within the central nervous system [26].
• High levels of ethylmalonic acid are detected in the body fluids, and cytochrome c oxidase activity is decreased in skeletal muscle [27].
• Contrary to the typical findings in infected body fluids, the total protein content and absolute glucose content of "spontaneously" infected ascitic fluid do not measurably change [28].

Associations of Body Fluids with chemical compounds

• The resulting enzyme deficiency allows aspartylglucosamine (GlcNAc-Asn) and other glycoasparagines to accumulate in tissues and body fluids, from early fetal life onward [29].
• Specific deuterium labeling of methadone and use of gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy technique permits rapid and quanitative determination of the ratio of the labeled to unlabeled drug in body fluids [30].
• Detection of mutagenic activity of metronidazole and niridazole in body fluids of humans and mice [31].
• Dipstick: quick quantitation of ethanol in body fluids [32].
• Since this is likely realized through renin/aldosterone-mediated salt and water retention, other body fluid compartments may be changed too [33].

Gene context of Body Fluids

• Binding proteins for insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) IGF-I and IGF-II, known as IGFBPs, control the distribution, function and activity of IGFs in various cell tissues and body fluids [34].
• Adenylosuccinate lyase (ADSL) deficiency (MIM 103050) is an autosomal recessive inborn error of purine synthesis characterized by the accumulation in body fluids of succinylaminoimidazolecarboxamide (SAICA) riboside and succinyladenosine (S-Ado), the dephosphorylated derivatives of the two substrates of the enzyme [35].
• Because clusterin is an abundant protein in the body fluid in tissues, it may act as a negative regulator of MT6-MMP in vivo [36].
• Thus, increased COMP levels in body fluids may be indicative of active synovitis as well as of accelerated joint erosion [37].
• Soluble CD97alpha was found in body fluids from inflamed tissues, suggesting that a functional consequence of the CD97 heterodimeric structure is the stable existence of CD97alpha in a cellfree form [38].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Body Fluids

• To identify disease states in which LIF might be involved, a cross-sectional survey of serum and body fluids from approximately 1,500 subjects with a variety of diseases was performed using the LIF radioreceptor competition assay [39].
• Fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry were used to analyze bile acids in the body fluids of an infant (L.C.) whose liver contained no immunoreactive peroxisomal 3-oxoacyl-CoA thiolase [40].
• Analysis of these body fluids by two-dimensional isoelectric focusing/sodium dodecyl sulfate gel electrophoresis and fluorography indicated that rat serum, biliary, and pancreatic proteins were labeled, respectively [41].
• We have developed a highly sensitive and specific sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to measure the concentration of Fc gamma RIII in serum and other body fluids [42].
• Antisera prepared against bovine EP have been used to develop a sensitive radioimmunoassay for the detection of EP in tissue and body fluids [43].

References