Disease relevance of Ganoderma

• Treatment of glomerular endothelial dysfunction in steroid-resistant nephrosis with Ganoderma lucidum, vitamins C, E and vasodilators [1].
• Possible mode of antiviral activity of acidic protein bound polysaccharide isolated from Ganoderma lucidum on herpes simplex viruses [2].
• Anti-inflammatory assays on the carrageenin-induced edema and scald-induced hyperalgesia in the hindpaw of rats were studied on polysaccharides obtained from the fruit bodies of various fungi (polysaccharide AC, BC: Tremella fuciformis;MEA, MHA, MCW-A, MCW-N: Auricularia auricula-judae; T-2-HN: Dictophora indusiata;G-A: Ganoderma japonicum) [3].

High impact information on Ganoderma

• In Japan, Russia, China, and the U.S.A. several different polysaccharide antitumor agents have been developed from the fruiting body, mycelia, and culture medium of various medicinal mushrooms (Lentinus edodes, Ganoderma lucidum, Schizophyllum commune, Trametes versicolor, Inonotus obliquus, and Flammulina velutipes) [4].
• Of these patients, 182 (61.9%) reacted to 1 or more of the common inhalant allergen extracts and 24 (8.2%) reacted to Ganoderma antigen [5].
• Hence, chemopreventive effects of plant polysaccharides [Aloe barbadensis Miller (APS), Lentinus edodes (LPS), Ganoderma lucidum (GPS) and Coriolus versicolor (CPS)] were compared using in vitro short-term screening methods associated with both initiation and promotion processes in carcinogenesis [6].
• Fungal immunomodulatory protein, FIP-gts, has been isolated from Ganoderma tsugae [7].
• Effect of 26-oxygenosterols from Ganoderma lucidum and their activity as cholesterol synthesis inhibitors [8].

Biological context of Ganoderma

• A fucose-containing glycoprotein fraction which stimulates spleen cell proliferation and cytokine expression has been identified from the water-soluble extract of Ganoderma lucidum [9].

Anatomical context of Ganoderma

• AIM: To study the protective effects of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides peptide (GLPP) on the mice peritoneal macrophages injured by reactive oxygen species (ROS), derived from tert-butylhydroperoxide (tBOOH) in vitro and in vivo [10].

Associations of Ganoderma with chemical compounds

• Ganoderma lucidum, a white rot basidiomycete widely distributed worldwide, was studied for the production of the lignin-modifying enzymes laccase, manganese-dependent peroxidase (MnP), and lignin peroxidase (LiP) [11].
• A new lanostane-type terpenoid, lucidenic acid SP1 (1), was isolated from a CHCl(3)-soluble fraction of Ganoderma lucidum spores together with four other known compounds (2 - 5) [12].
• Effects of the extracts of Ganoderma lucidum on blood glucose level in rats [13].
• The present paper describes the development of a micellar electrokinetic chromatographic method for the determination of nucleoside (adenosine, uridine) and base (uracil) markers in aqueous extracts of Ganoderma medicinal preparations [14].
• The inhibitors from Ganoderma lucidum were identified as ganoderic acid A and ganoderic acid C by comparison with the reported spectral data [15].

Gene context of Ganoderma

• We found that Ganoderma lucidum mycelia (0.2-1.6 mg/ml) stimulated TNF-alpha and IL-6 production after 8h treatment in human whole blood [16].
• IFN-gamma release from human whole blood was also enhanced after 3 day-culture with Ganoderma lucidum mycelia (0.2-1.0mg/ml) [16].
• Increased release of IL-8 and soluble intercellular adhesion molecules-1 (sICAM-1) in PTEC induced by HSA was ameliorated by co-incubation with Ganoderma (16 microg/ml) [17].
• Novel antioxidant peptides from fermented mushroom Ganoderma lucidum [18].
• The release of protein from Ganoderma applanatum and Pycnoporus cinnabarinus and the activity of cytoplasmatic glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase in the crude extracts were monitored to determine the efficiency of each disintegration technique used [19].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Ganoderma

• Three polysaccharides, two heteroglycans (PL-1 and PL-4) and one glucan (PL-3), were solubilized from the fruit bodies of Ganoderma lucidum and isolated by anion-exchange and gel-filtration chromatography [20].
• To verify the utility of this model, ascorbic acid, carrot, beta carotene, soybean lecithin, spinach, Sesamum indicum, Ganoderma lucidum, caffeine, red ginseng extract, fresh ginseng and 13-cis retinoic acid, some of which are known to have anticarcinogenic activity in various animal models, were tried with this system [21].
• Using agarose gel electrophoresis, we have evaluated the potential of Ganoderma lucidum extract as a radioprotector and antioxidant defense against oxygen radical-mediated damage [22].
• Preliminary thin layer chromatography chemical tests on these extracts of Ganoderma showed that they contained compounds that stained blue-violet and blue or green when sprayed with anisaldehyde-sulphuric acid or Dragendorff, respectively [23].

References