Disease relevance of Lentinula

• Autolysis of lentinan, an antitumor polysaccharide, during storage of Lentinus edodes, shiitake mushroom [1].
• Lentinan (LNT), a beta-glucan derived from Lentinus edodes (Berk.) Sign., is known to work positively against cachexia in patients with malignant tumors [2].
• The cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) 35S promoter has been most commonly used in plant transformation studies, but its activity in mushrooms has not been reported. p301-b is a binary vector containing a bialaphos resistance gene driven by the promoter of Lentinus edodes glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPD) gene [3].
• METHODS AND RESULTS: Lentinus edodes showed the fastest violacein decolorization (8th d) in solid medium whereas in a liquid medium, violacein was rapidly decolorized in 2 h by Azotobacter vinelandii [4].
• Increased heavy metal sensitivity of Escherichia coli producing the expression product of priA gene derived from the basidiomycete Lentinus edodes [5].

High impact information on Lentinula

• Three antitumor mushroom polysaccharides, i.e. lentinan, schizophyllan and protein-bound polysaccharide (PSK, Krestin), isolated respectively, from Lentinus edodes, Schizophyllum commune and Coriolus versicolor, have become large market items in Japan. Lentinan and schizophyllan are pure beta-glucans, whereas PSK is a protein-bound beta-glucan [6].
• The effects of eritadenine, a constituent of the Lentinus edodes mushroom, and ethanolamine, the base constituent of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), on fatty acid desaturase activities and lipid profiles were investigated comparatively in rats [7].
• Cloning and sequence analysis of the basidiomycete Lentinus edodes ribonucleotide reductase small subunit cDNA and expression of a corresponding gene in L. edodes [8].
• We have previously isolated the uck1 gene encoding UMP-CMP kinase from the basidiomycete Lentinus edodes (Kaneko et al., 1998) [8].
• Characterization, molecular cloning, and differential expression analysis of laccase genes from the edible mushroom Lentinula edodes [9].

Biological context of Lentinula

• The immunomodulating effect of a new polysaccharide-peptide complex from culture mycelia of Lentinus edodes (LE) was studied for elucidation of the mechanism of augmentation of cell-mediated immunity [10].
• Aggregation of yeast cells induced by the Arg-Gly-Asp motif-containing fragment of high-molecular-mass cell-adhesion protein MFBA, derived from the basidiomycetous mushroom Lentinus edodes [11].
• Comparative biotransformation of pentachlorophenol in soils by solid substrate cultures of Lentinula edodes [12].
• Selective induction of apoptosis in murine skin carcinoma cells (CH72) by an ethanol extract of Lentinula edodes [13].
• While extracts from mycelia of Grifola frondosa, Ganoderma lucidum, Hericium erinaceus, or from spores of G. lucidum exerted little, if any, effect on proliferation, the ethanol-soluble extract of Lentinula edodes (L. edodes) significantly decreased cell proliferation of CH72 cells [13].

Associations of Lentinula with chemical compounds

• The hypocholesterolemic action of eritadenine, a compound found in the mushroom Lentinus edodes, was investigated in relation to its influence on phospholipid metabolism in the liver of rats fed diets containing different amounts of choline chloride (0, 2 and 8 g/kg diet) [14].
• In the edible basidiomycete, Lentinus edodes, the presence of a high level of intracellular cyclic AMP (cAMP) is closely related to the onset of fruiting and/or primordium formation [15].
• Induction of immunomodulating cytokines by a new polysaccharide-peptide complex from culture mycelia of Lentinus edodes [10].
• The priA gene of the basidiomycete Lentinus edodes possesses a pyrimidine (CT)-rich stretch (26 bp) that includes a short (6-bp) repeat, the elements of which form a mirror repeat at and near the transcriptional initiation sites [16].
• Efficient transformation of the edible basidiomycete Lentinus edodes with a vector using a glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase promoter to hygromycin B resistance [17].

Gene context of Lentinula

• Identification of a CAP (adenylyl-cyclase-associated protein) homologous gene in Lentinus edodes and its functional complementation of yeast CAP mutants [18].
• A stearoyl-CoA-specific Delta 9 fatty acid desaturase from the basidiomycete Lentinula edodes [19].
• Cloning and expression of cytochrome P450 genes, belonging to a new P450 family, of the basidiomycete Lentinula edodes [20].
• Isolation and sequence of a developmentally regulated putative novel gene, priA, from the basidiomycete Lentinus edodes [21].
• The 565 amino-acid PRIB protein with a Zn(II)2Cys6 zinc-cluster DNA-binding motif is the expression product of the priB gene, which is most actively transcribed in an early stage of fruiting-body formation by the basidiomycete, Lentinus edodes [22].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Lentinula

• In this study, selenium species from Se containing proteins in mushrooms (Agaricus bisporus and Lentinula edodes) were investigated with size-exclusion liquid chromatography coupled to UV and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) [23].
• A novel proteinase inhibitor, Lentinus proteinase inhibitor, has been purified from the fruiting bodies of the edible mushroom, Lentinus edodes, by buffer extraction and affinity chromatography on immobilized anhydrotrypsin [24].
• An endonuclease with 3'-nucleotidase activity (nuclease Le1) was purified from fruit bodies of Lentinus edodes in a single band on sodium dodecylsulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) [25].

References