High impact information on Horses

• The gene encoding the major horse allergen, designated Equus caballus allergen 1 (Equ c1), was cloned from total cDNA of sublingual salivary glands by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction using synthetic degenerate oligonucleotides deduced from N-terminal and internal peptide sequences of the glycosylated hair dandruff protein [1].
• MmADH alpha reacts 130-fold slower (V/K) with ethanol and 3-25-fold slower with 2-methyl alcohols but 20-fold faster with cyclohexanol, as compared with horse (Equus caballus) liver EE isoenzyme (EqADH) [2].
• Large quantities of an unusual 19 kDa protein (p19) are secreted into the lumen of the uterus of the mare (Equus caballus) during the oestrous cycle and early pregnancy. p19 associates strongly with the acellular capsule that surrounds the young horse conceptus and is believed to be important in maintaining pregnancy [3].
• The present study describes the patterns of melatonin production in the mule (Equus asinus x Equus caballus) [4].
• Yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) alcohol dehydrogenase I (SceADH) binds NAD+ and NADH less tightly and turns over substrates more rapidly than does horse (Equus caballus) liver alcohol dehydrogenase E isoenzyme (EcaADH), and neither enzyme uses NADP efficiently [5].

Biological context of Horses

• Characterization of a microsatellite in the promoter region of the IGF1 gene in domestic horses and other equids [6].
• Cloning and chromosomal localization of MX1 and ETS2 to chromosome 26 of the horse (Equus caballus) [7].

Anatomical context of Horses

• Testis mass of adult Cape mountain zebra stallions (mean 70.0 g) was appreciably less than that of other zebra species and domestic horses [8].
• The present study describes the topography of immunoreactive (ir) oxytocin (OXY) and vasopressin (AVP) neurons in the forebrain of Equus caballus and the coexistence of ir proopiomelanocortin (POMC)-derived peptides in the same cells [9].
• Distribution of enzymes of purine metabolism in lymphocytes of horse, Equus caballus [10].

Associations of Horses with chemical compounds

• Demonstration of three DRB loci in a domestic horse family [11].
• Because carfentanil's duration of action is long and renarcotization may develop 2 to 24 hours after administration of antagonists, a study was designed to compare the physiologic effects of opioid antagonists, using domestic horses chemically restrained with xylazine hydrochloride and carfentanil [12].
• Carfentanil citrate, the only opioid approved in the United States for immobilizing large exotic animals, increasingly has been used to chemically restrain exotic horses, such as Prezwalski's horses (Equus przewalskii) and wild horses (E caballus) [12].
• Forty-eight newly captured free-ranging feral stallions (Equus caballus) from two different locations and six captive stallions were immobilized using combinations of etorphine hydrochloride, xylazine hydrochloride and atropine sulfate with or without acepromazine [13].
• Ovarian function was monitored for 33 mo in captive feral mares (Equus caballus) by following serum progesterone (P) levels [14].

Gene context of Horses

• Genes encoding the horse (Equus caballus) T-cell receptor beta chain (TCRB) were cloned and characterized [15].
• The two GC variants were electrophoretically identical to the Equus caballus F and S proteins [16].
• To contribute to the relatively small collection of vertebrate Hsp90 sequences in the gene data bank, we cloned and sequenced horse (Equus caballus) Hsp90 alpha and beta cDNAs [17].
• Characterization of horse (Equus caballus) T-cell receptor beta chain genes [15].
• The milk of the horse (Equus caballus) contains one alpha-lactalbumin and at least one lysozyme [18].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Horses

• The sequence and intron/exon boundaries determined were used to design PCR primers to amplify and sequence the coding region of the beta(2)-m gene in other equids, including five breeds of domestic horse, one Przewalski's horse, five domestic donkeys and five zebras [19].

References