Disease relevance of POTASSIUM CHROMATE

• Chromate-induced ATN has been extensively studied in experimental animals following parenteral administration of large doses of potassium chromate (hexavalent) (15 mg/kg body weight) [1].
• Potassium chromate potentiates frameshift mutagenesis in E. coli and S. typhimurium [2].
• Cr(III) potassium sulfate at 100 microM enhanced transformation by 1.4-fold, but Cr(VI) as potassium chromate did not enhance transformation, although toxicity of potassium chromate may have prevented enhancement of transformation [3].

High impact information on POTASSIUM CHROMATE

• DNA-protein complexes (DPCs) were induced in human leukemic T-lymphocyte MOLT4 cells by treatment with potassium chromate [4].
• Furthermore, it was found that alpha-tocopherol in membranes interacts with chromate ions added as potassium chromate outside the membranes, resulting in an increase in membrane fluidity [5].
• DNA--protein complexes isolated from CHO cells treated with at least 10-30 microM potassium chromate exhibited an alteration in the degradation of the DNA by restriction enzymes compared to DNA--protein complexes isolated from untreated cells [6].
• Here we report for the first time that carcinogenic potassium chromate salts can also induce aberrant DNA methylation in this system [7].
• We now used the comet assay to investigate in V79 cells the effect of potassium chromate (K(2)CrO(4)), another DNA-protein crosslinker, to see whether the results obtained for formaldehyde can be generalized [8].

Biological context of POTASSIUM CHROMATE

• Cytotoxicity, apoptosis, and in vitro DNA damage induced by potassium chromate [9].
• The mutagenicity of lead chromate in human lymphocytes appears to be entirely due to the chromate ion since chromosome aberrations were induced by potassium chromate but not lead chloride [10].
• Nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA) and 1,2 cyclohexylenediamine tetraacetic acid (CDTA) were most effective in preventing mortality (50-70%) due to a lethal dose of potassium chromate at one-tenth of their respective LD50 [11].
• To find out about dynamic patterns of hexavalent chromium-induced apoptosis, we treated Hep2 cells with 150 micrograms/ml potassium chromate and recorded their behavior as well as appearance of some crucial organelles using different morphological and biochemical methods [12].

Anatomical context of POTASSIUM CHROMATE

• Intraperitoneal administration of potassium chromate did not induce detectable DPC in lymphocytes; however, an increased association of proteins with isolated DNA was detected in the liver [13].
• Potassium chromate (1.5-45 microM) induced time- and concentration-dependent cell shrinkage, reorganization of cytoskeleton and loss of motile activity in fibroblasts [14].
• To investigate the role of the cytoskeleton and mitochondria in this process, primary human dermal fibroblasts were exposed to various concentrations of potassium chromate for 24 h [14].
• Comparison of the cytotoxicity, cellular uptake, and DNA-protein crosslinks induced by potassium chromate in lymphoblast cell lines derived from three different individuals [15].
• Some polyaminocarboxylic acids were examined for their ability to mobilize chromium from certain vital organs, their subcellular fractions, and blood cells of potassium chromate administered rats [16].

Associations of POTASSIUM CHROMATE with other chemical compounds

• After treatment with potassium chromate at concentrations causing ultramicroscopic cellular lesions, a significant proportion (up to 75%) of TA100 colonies fail to replicate on fresh minimal plates containing biotin [17].
• The study compares the dose- and duration-dependent effects of Cr(VI), as potassium chromate, on the ATPase systems in various organs of this fish species [18].
• In this study, the first shell coordination and interatomic distances based on the data analysis of known standards of potassium chromate (Cr(VI)) and chromium nitrate hexahydrate (Cr(III)) were investigated [19].
• A single, subcutaneous injection of 20 mg/kg of potassium chromate (K2CrO4) increased kidney size and water content, as well as BUN and serum creatinine concentrations, and produced coagulative necrosis of the proximal convoluted tubules [20].
• Female mice C57BL/6J/BOM9 weeks old have been mated to T-stock male mice and treated with welding fume particles 100 mg/kg, potassium chromate 20 or 10 mg/kg, or cyclophosphamide 10 or 2.5 mg/kg intraperitoneally at day 8, 9 and 10 of pregnancy [21].

Gene context of POTASSIUM CHROMATE

• Alterations in the prooxidant and antioxidant status of human leukemic T-lymphocyte MOLT4 cells treated with potassium chromate [22].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of POTASSIUM CHROMATE

• The effect of intraperitoneal injections of potassium chromate on prevention and regression of atherosclerosis was observed in New Zealand White rabbits [23].
• Genomic microarray analysis of the transcriptome dynamics of midexponential phase cells subjected to 1 mm potassium chromate (K(2)CrO(4)) at exposure time intervals of 5, 30, 60, and 90 min revealed 910 genes that were differentially expressed at one or more time points [24].
• Evaluation of genotoxic effects of potassium chromate (K(2)CrO(4)) and cadmium chloride (CdCl(2)) was carried out in human blood lymphocytes in vitro as measured by the electron microscopy in situ end-labeling (EM-ISEL) [25].

References