Disease relevance of Cyclophenil

• Fluorine-substituted cyclofenil derivatives as estrogen receptor ligands: synthesis and structure-affinity relationship study of potential positron emission tomography agents for imaging estrogen receptors in breast cancer [1].
• Treatment of progressive systemic sclerosis (PSS) with cyclofenil [2].
• Morphea: treatment of two clinical cases with cyclophenyl [3].
• Long-term evaluation of penicillamine or cyclofenil in systemic sclerosis. Results from a two-year randomized study [4].
• Cyclofenil-induced hemolytic anemia in scleroderma [5].

High impact information on Cyclophenil

• Ultrastructural changes accompany inhibition of proteoglycan synthesis in chondrocytes by Cyclofenil diphenol [6].
• It is notable that the highest ER binding analogue, a CpTRe cyclofenil derivative, could be synthesized from the corresponding ferrocenyl cyclofenil analogue by the double ligand transfer reaction [7].
• Using gas chromatography/electron impact-mass spectrometry (GC/EI-MS) and high performance liquid chromatography with atmospheric pressure chemical ionization tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC/APCI-MS/MS), the structures of cyclofenil metabolites in human urine have been assigned [8].
• INTERVENTIONS: The 20 anovulatory patients were allocated at random into two groups: group 1 was administered 50 mg of CC on days 2 to 6 of the menstrual cycle; group 2 was administered 400 mg of cyclofenil on days 3 to 12 of the menstrual cycle [9].
• Effect of cyclofenil on hormonal dynamics, follicular development and cervical mucus in normal and oligomenorrhoeic women [10].

Chemical compound and disease context of Cyclophenil

• In a two-year prospective therapeutic trial 13 patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) were treated with penicillamine, 9 with cyclofenil, and 7 with neither [4].

Biological context of Cyclophenil

• Inhibition of lactation by cyclofenil and bromocriptine [11].
• A prospective, randomised, cross-over study comparing the effects of clomiphene citrate and cyclofenil on endometrial morphology in the luteal phase of normal, fertile women [12].
• Ten postmenopausal women were studied in an attempt to identify the mechanism of action of cyclofenil, a non-steroidal anti-estrogen which has proved to be effective in the climacteric syndrome [13].
• Plasma levels and pharmacokinetics of cyclofenil after oral administration to man [14].
• Ultrasonic assessment of ovulation in cyclofenil induced ovulatory cycles [15].

Anatomical context of Cyclophenil

• Biological activity and steroid receptor interactions of cyclofenil with the oestrogen target tissues of the brain, pituitary gland and uterus of the rat [16].
• Clomiphene citrate and cyclofenil also induced a significant increase in the GnRH-like factor in the hypothalamus of H. fossilis [17].
• It was concluded that the estrogenic effects of cyclofenil are mediated, at least partly, by release of gonadotropins from the hypophysis [18].
• These results indicate that further detailed clinical and laboratory studies on the therapeutic potential of cyclofenil in PSS and other diseases affecting connective tissue seen to be justified [19].
• Synthesis of collagen and sulfated glycosaminoglycans by normal and scleroderma fibroblasts in culture, with and without addition of cyclofenil [20].

Associations of Cyclophenil with other chemical compounds

• The results indicate that cyclofenil has two opposing actions on the hypothalamic-hypophyseal axis, one estrogen-like, in that it depresses serum FSH levels, and the other antiestrogen-like, in that it depresses serum PRL levels [13].
• In eight patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (HPT) the laboratory effects of cyclofenil, which is a synthetic stilbestrol derivative with weak feminizing effects, were studied over a period of 5-13 weeks [21].
• In the last decade best short-term clinical results have been achieved with penicillamine, some vasodilators, chlorambucil and in recent years with cyclofenil a potent anti-oestrogen, which has marked connective tissue and collagen metabolism influencing properties [22].
• It is evident from the results that clomid and sexovid either act via hypothalamus or directly over pituitary to increase TSH secretion followed by increased thyroid activity [23].
• A 48 year old male scleroderma patient with typical impairment of respiratory function, including low vital capacity, low static lung compliance and low diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide, was treated with cyclofenil for one year [24].

Gene context of Cyclophenil

• Novel C-ring substituted analogues of cyclofenil, a nonsteroidal compound known to bind the ER, were also prepared, and their ER binding was measured [7].
• The plasma concentration of prolactin, which decreased rapidly with bromocriptine, returned to the pretreatment level the day after drug treatment stopped, but with cyclofenil it remained low [25].
• This pilot study, therefore, indicates that treatment with cyclofenil might be of value in some cases of primary HPT where surgery is not considered [21].
• HDL-increasing effect of cyclofenil [26].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Cyclophenil

• The effects of cyclofenil on a group of 10 normal cyclic and 10 oligomenorrhoeic subjects were examined in a double blind controlled cross-over study [10].
• Evaluation by integrated thermography of the beneficial effect of cyclofenil in severe subcutaneous arterial insufficiency [27].
• The mean maximum diameters of the leading follicles before ovulation were 21.9 +/- 0.6 (S.E.) mm and 24.4 +/- 0.5 (S.E.) mm, respectively for the cyclofenil group and the normal control group (P greater than 0.05) [15].
• Daily simultaneous cervical mucus evaluation and ultrasonography of the Graafian follicular growth and ovulation were studied (in the mid-cycle) in 8 infertile British women during 30 Cyclofenil-stimulated cycles, and compared with 18 non-stimulated normal ovulatory cycles in 12 subjects (controls) [28].

References