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Hoffmann, R. A wiki for the life sciences where authorship matters. Nature Genetics (2008)
 
Chemical Compound Review

Yersiniabactin     (4R)-2-[(1R)-1-hydroxy-2- methyl-1-[(4S)-2...

Synonyms: AC1NUWEN, CHEMBL1221692, C12038
 
 
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Disease relevance of Yersiniabactin

 

High impact information on Yersiniabactin

  • Purification, priming, and catalytic acylation of carrier protein domains in the polyketide synthase and nonribosomal peptidyl synthetase modules of the HMWP1 subunit of yersiniabactin synthetase [5].
  • Acyl-CoA hydrolysis by the high molecular weight protein 1 subunit of yersiniabactin synthetase: mutational evidence for a cascade of four acyl-enzyme intermediates during hydrolytic editing [1].
  • Monitoring multiple active sites on thiotemplate enzymes in parallel: a molecular movie of yersiniabactin bioassembly [6].
  • A PAI called high-pathogenicity island (HPI) carrying genes involved in siderophore-mediated iron acquisition (yersiniabactin system) has previously been identified in Yersinia pestis, Y. pseudotuberculosis and Y. enterocolitica IB strains, and has been characterized as an essential virulence factor in these species [7].
  • C-methyltransferase and cyclization domain activity at the intraprotein PK/NRP switch point of yersiniabactin synthetase [8].
 

Chemical compound and disease context of Yersiniabactin

 

Biological context of Yersiniabactin

  • Moreover, by complementation of the WA fyuA mutant by the cloned fyuA gene, yersiniabactin uptake and mouse virulence were restored [13].
  • Yersinia pestis, the causative agent of plague, makes a siderophore termed yersiniabactin (Ybt), which it uses to obtain iron during growth at 37 degrees C. The genes required for the synthesis and utilization of Ybt are located within a large, unstable region of the Y. pestis chromosome called the pgm locus [14].
  • Iron acquisition in plague: modular logic in enzymatic biogenesis of yersiniabactin by Yersinia pestis [15].
  • The mycobactin gene cluster has organizational homologies to the yersiniabactin and enterobactin synthetase genes [16].
  • We have studied the expression of the fyuA gene, which encodes the outer membrane receptor for the siderophore yersiniabactin (Ybt), and the hemR gene, which encodes the receptor for heme, using the reporter genes gfp (encoding green fluorescent protein) and luc (encoding firefly luciferase) [17].
 

Associations of Yersiniabactin with other chemical compounds

  • Yersiniabactin and salmochelin were maximally produced under neutral to alkaline conditions (pH 7.0 and 7.6, respectively), whereas aerobactin was maximally produced at a more acidic pH (pH 5.6), which agrees with the slightly higher complex stability of hydroxamates at acidic pH values compared to the catecholates [11].
  • Yersiniabactin production was also higher with glycerol as the carbon source at pH 7 [11].
 

Gene context of Yersiniabactin

  • HPLC-proven yersiniabactin-producing E. coli lacked modifications found in irp1 and irp2 in the human pathogen CFT073, and it is not clear whether CFT073 produces yersiniabactin [4].
  • Compared with probe hybridization, the PCR assay's specificity was 100% and sensitivity 97.1%. fyuA (yersiniabactin: overall prevalence, 93%), traT (serum resistance, 68%), and a pathogenicity-associated island marker (71%) occurred in most strains from both compromised and noncompromised hosts [18].
  • CONCLUSIONS: The HMWP1 and HMWP2 domain organization suggests that the yersiniabactin siderophore is assembled in a modular fashion, in which a series of covalent intermediates are passed from the amino terminus of HMWP2 to the carboxyl terminus of HMWP1 [15].
  • Mutating ybtS revealed that this gene encodes a protein essential for yersiniabactin synthesis [15].
  • Polypeptides encoded by the fyuA gene located on the HPI could be detected by using immunoblot analysis in most of the HPI-positive STEC strains, suggesting the presence of a functional yersiniabactin system [19].
 

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Yersiniabactin

References

  1. Acyl-CoA hydrolysis by the high molecular weight protein 1 subunit of yersiniabactin synthetase: mutational evidence for a cascade of four acyl-enzyme intermediates during hydrolytic editing. Suo, Z., Chen, H., Walsh, C.T. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (2000) [Pubmed]
  2. Virulence of Yersinia enterocolitica is closely associated with siderophore production, expression of an iron-repressible outer membrane polypeptide of 65,000 Da and pesticin sensitivity. Heesemann, J., Hantke, K., Vocke, T., Saken, E., Rakin, A., Stojiljkovic, I., Berner, R. Mol. Microbiol. (1993) [Pubmed]
  3. Yersiniabactin production requires the thioesterase domain of HMWP2 and YbtD, a putative phosphopantetheinylate transferase. Bobrov, A.G., Geoffroy, V.A., Perry, R.D. Infect. Immun. (2002) [Pubmed]
  4. Yersiniabactin production by Pseudomonas syringae and Escherichia coli, and description of a second yersiniabactin locus evolutionary group. Bultreys, A., Gheysen, I., de Hoffmann, E. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. (2006) [Pubmed]
  5. Purification, priming, and catalytic acylation of carrier protein domains in the polyketide synthase and nonribosomal peptidyl synthetase modules of the HMWP1 subunit of yersiniabactin synthetase. Suo, Z., Tseng, C.C., Walsh, C.T. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (2001) [Pubmed]
  6. Monitoring multiple active sites on thiotemplate enzymes in parallel: a molecular movie of yersiniabactin bioassembly. McLoughlin, S.M., Kelleher, N.L. J. Am. Chem. Soc. (2005) [Pubmed]
  7. A novel integrative and conjugative element (ICE) of Escherichia coli: the putative progenitor of the Yersinia high-pathogenicity island. Schubert, S., Dufke, S., Sorsa, J., Heesemann, J. Mol. Microbiol. (2004) [Pubmed]
  8. C-methyltransferase and cyclization domain activity at the intraprotein PK/NRP switch point of yersiniabactin synthetase. Miller, D.A., Walsh, C.T., Luo, L. J. Am. Chem. Soc. (2001) [Pubmed]
  9. Crystal structures of Yersinia enterocolitica salicylate synthase and its complex with the reaction products salicylate and pyruvate. Kerbarh, O., Chirgadze, D.Y., Blundell, T.L., Abell, C. J. Mol. Biol. (2006) [Pubmed]
  10. Yersiniabactin synthetase: probing the recognition of carrier protein domains by the catalytic heterocyclization domains, Cy1 and Cy2, in the chain-initiating HWMP2 subunit. Miller, D.A., Walsh, C.T. Biochemistry (2001) [Pubmed]
  11. Environmental factors influence the production of enterobactin, salmochelin, aerobactin, and yersiniabactin in Escherichia coli strain Nissle 1917. Valdebenito, M., Crumbliss, A.L., Winkelmann, G., Hantke, K. Int. J. Med. Microbiol. (2006) [Pubmed]
  12. Mechanistic and inhibition studies of chorismate-utilizing enzymes. Kerbarh, O., Bulloch, E.M., Payne, R.J., Sahr, T., Rébeillé, F., Abell, C. Biochem. Soc. Trans. (2005) [Pubmed]
  13. The pesticin receptor of Yersinia enterocolitica: a novel virulence factor with dual function. Rakin, A., Saken, E., Harmsen, D., Heesemann, J. Mol. Microbiol. (1994) [Pubmed]
  14. YbtP and YbtQ: two ABC transporters required for iron uptake in Yersinia pestis. Fetherston, J.D., Bertolino, V.J., Perry, R.D. Mol. Microbiol. (1999) [Pubmed]
  15. Iron acquisition in plague: modular logic in enzymatic biogenesis of yersiniabactin by Yersinia pestis. Gehring, A.M., DeMoll, E., Fetherston, J.D., Mori, I., Mayhew, G.F., Blattner, F.R., Walsh, C.T., Perry, R.D. Chem. Biol. (1998) [Pubmed]
  16. Identification of a Mycobacterium tuberculosis gene cluster encoding the biosynthetic enzymes for assembly of the virulence-conferring siderophore mycobactin. Quadri, L.E., Sello, J., Keating, T.A., Weinreb, P.H., Walsh, C.T. Chem. Biol. (1998) [Pubmed]
  17. Expression analysis of the yersiniabactin receptor gene fyuA and the heme receptor hemR of Yersinia enterocolitica in vitro and in vivo using the reporter genes for green fluorescent protein and luciferase. Jacobi, C.A., Gregor, S., Rakin, A., Heesemann, J. Infect. Immun. (2001) [Pubmed]
  18. Extended virulence genotypes of Escherichia coli strains from patients with urosepsis in relation to phylogeny and host compromise. Johnson, J.R., Stell, A.L. J. Infect. Dis. (2000) [Pubmed]
  19. A genomic island, termed high-pathogenicity island, is present in certain non-O157 Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli clonal lineages. Karch, H., Schubert, S., Zhang, D., Zhang, W., Schmidt, H., Olschläger, T., Hacker, J. Infect. Immun. (1999) [Pubmed]
  20. High-pathogenicity island of Yersinia pestis in enterobacteriaceae isolated from blood cultures and urine samples: prevalence and functional expression. Schubert, S., Cuenca, S., Fischer, D., Heesemann, J. J. Infect. Dis. (2000) [Pubmed]
 
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