Disease relevance of Romifidine

• OBJECTIVE: To characterize the cardiovascular effects of romifidine at doses ranging from 5 to 100 microg/kg of body weight, IV [1].
• RESULTS: Bradycardia developed in all cats that received saline solution and romifidine-butorphanol or romifidine alone [2].
• Instability and ataxia were more pronounced with detomidine than with romifidine but the effects were only slight to moderate and not regarded as a hindrance to procedures for which sedation is needed [3].
• CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Results confirm antinociceptive activity of romifidine and may represent an objective demonstration of the well-known hypersensitivity to tactile stimuli observed in horses receiving alpha2-adrenoreceptor agonists in clinical practice [4].
• A reduction in risk of colic was associated with premedication with romifidine, longer duration of anaesthesia and sedation within 2 days of GA [5].

High impact information on Romifidine

• In the current study the synaptic depressant actions of xylazine, detomidine, romifidine and dexmedetomidine have been compared on segmental reflexes containing NMDA receptor-mediated components in the neonatal rat hemisected spinal cord preparation in vitro [6].
• RESULTS: Romifidine significantly increased the current intensities necessary to evoke NWR and temporal summation in forelimbs and hind limbs of horses [4].
• RESULTS: Administration of romifidine at 400 and 2,000 microg/kg, IM, decreased heart rate, cardiac output, rate of change of left ventricular pressure, rate pressure product, and pH [7].
• Both detomidine and romifidine are acceptable alpha2-adrenoceptor agonists for use as premedicants before general anesthesia in horses; however, detomidine may be preferable when maintenance of blood pressure is particularly important [8].
• Effect of romifidine on gastrointestinal motility, assessed by transrectal ultrasonography [9].

Chemical compound and disease context of Romifidine

• CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Results suggested that administration of romifidine alone or romifidine-butorphanol causes a significant decrease in heart rate and that preemptive administration of atropine in cats sedated with romifidine-butorphanol effectively prevents bradycardia for 50 minutes [2].
• Each of 8 healthy dogs received intravenously, in random order, 3 preanesthetic protocols: romifidine, 40 microg/kg of body weight (BW) (R40); romifidine, 80 microg/kg BW (R80); and medetomidine, 10 microg/kg BW (MED) [10].

Biological context of Romifidine

• Heart rate, respiratory rate, and rectal temperature decreased in a dose-dependent manner after romifidine administration, but hemoglobin saturation did not change [11].
• RESULTS: Scores for sedation, muscle relaxation, posture, auditory response, and positioning response increased in a dose-dependent manner after romifidine administration [11].
• Both doses of romifidine produced a marked decrease in gastrointestinal motility and were associated with the presence of reduced (nonpropulsive) contractions [9].
• RESULTS: Romifidine induced a decrease in heart rate, pulmonary arterial pressure, rate-pressure product, cardiac index, and right ventricular stroke work index and an increase in central venous pressure, pulmonary capillary wedge pressure, and systemic vascular resistance index [1].
• Heart rate, arterial pressure, central venous pressure, mean pulmonary arterial pressure, pulmonary capillary wedge pressure, body temperature, cardiac output, and PCV were measured immediately prior to and at selected times after romifidine administration [1].

Anatomical context of Romifidine

• Motility of the small intestine, caecum and left ventral colon were assessed following injection of romifidine and a saline control, using a blinded, cross-over study design in 6 horses [9].
• Following the injection of romifidine, the dogs became ataxic and stood with a wide-based stance, they exhibited signs of skeletal muscle relaxation and their heads were lowered [12].
• The results of the study revealed that romifidine at the rate of 50 microg/kg could produce moderate to complete analgesia of perineum and flank after spinal administration into the lumbosacral space in goats [13].

Associations of Romifidine with other chemical compounds

• METHODS: Romifidine (100, 200, and 400 microg kg(-1)) or xylazine (1 mg kg(-1)) was given IM in a cross-over study design [14].
• Effects of additional premedication on romifidine and ketamine anaesthesia in horses [15].
• The results indicate that romifidine premedication followed by diazepam and ketamine is a very satisfactory regime for short duration intravenous anesthesia in horses [16].
• The effects of premedication with four different intravenous doses of romifidine (20, 40, 80 and 120 micrograms/kg bodyweight) and a saline placebo were compared in a group of 20 adult beagles of both sexes, undergoing anaesthesia with propofol for a clinical dental procedure [17].
• Food intake and rumen motility in dwarf goats. Effects of atipamezole on the inhibitory effects induced by detomidine, medetomidine and romifidine [18].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Romifidine

• Romifidine can be included in analgesic and anesthetic protocols to provide additional analgesia in horses [4].
• Premedication with romifidine and butorphanol resulted in an apparent (but insignificant) reduction in the time to collapse and death but was also accompanied by significant agonal gasping [19].
• Comparison of sedative effects of romifidine following intravenous, intramuscular, and sublingual administration to horses [20].
• Comparison of morphine and butorphanol as pre-anaesthetic agents in combination with romifidine for field castration in ponies [21].
• A romifidine and morphine combination for epidural analgesia of the flank in cattle [22].

References