Disease relevance of Anesthesia, General

• Also, a new parenteral nonnarcotic pain medication, ketoroloc, was used during the last part of general anesthesia to help with expected postoperative pain in 76 patients [1].
• A cluster of anaphylactic reactions in children with spina bifida during general anesthesia: epidemiologic features, risk factors, and latex hypersensitivity [2].
• The risks of chorioretinal bleeding and vitreous loss are greatly reduced by intravenous mannitol and controlled hyperventilation, with hyperoxygenation and transient, systemic hypotension under general anesthesia [3].
• CONCLUSIONS: Ondansetron is effective in the prevention of PONV in pediatric patients for the first 4 h after general anesthesia [4].
• Premedication with famotidine augments core hypothermia during general anesthesia [5].

Psychiatry related information on Anesthesia, General

• One failure was considered not related to IV nitroglycerin because the patient had a panic attack, requiring general anesthesia for sedation [6].
• The results demonstrated that pentobarbital-induced general anesthesia does not significantly reduce the development of morphine dependence in either species [7].
• The fact that isoprene concentrations in breath are linked to states of sleep and wakefulness led us to study its concentration in blood of 12 patients before, during, and after general anesthesia [8].

High impact information on Anesthesia, General

• At the human median effect dose (ED50) for general anesthesia, the (+)-isomer was about twofold more effective than the (-)-isomer both in eliciting the anesthetic-activated potassium current IK(An) and in inhibiting a current mediated by neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors [9].
• This finding has implications for PCP abuse and also for the use of its derivative in general anesthesia, where it may contribute to postoperative infection [10].
• We conclude that the risk of general anesthesia and major noncardiac surgery is low in patients with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy [11].
• Eighteen patients undergoing coronary artery surgery were observed to examine whether cocaine in a clinically used dose exerts sympathomimetic effects during general anesthesia [12].
• Is cocaine a sympathetic stimulant during general anesthesia [12]?

Chemical compound and disease context of Anesthesia, General

• CONCLUSION: General anesthesia influences the endocannabinoid system in a drug-dependent way, which may explain side effects of general anesthetics such as psychomimetic and antiemetic properties of propofol and the high incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting after volatile anesthetics [13].
• On both study days, general anesthesia was induced and maintained with isoflurane (0.7% end-tidal concentration), and core hypothermia was induced by surface cooling and continued for at least 1 h after fingertip vasoconstriction was observed [14].
• Pulsus alternans during general anesthesia with halothane: effects of permissive hypercapnia [15].
• Sixty children undergoing inguinal hernia repair under general anesthesia were randomized to receive 0.25 ml/kg of 0.25% bupivacaine for either IG/IH nerve block or up to 0.5 ml/kg of the same solution for instillation nerve blocks [16].
• CONCLUSION: Coinduction with clonidine significantly increased the number of PONV-free patients after breast cancer surgery with general anesthesia [17].

Biological context of Anesthesia, General

• Because general anesthesia and acute surgical trauma may perturb baseline coronary hemodynamics and alter responses to experimental interventions, this study examined the effects of human atrial natriuretic peptide (arginine-102-tyrosine-126) and rat atriopeptin II (serine-103-arginine-125) on the coronary circulation of unsedated, awake dogs [18].
• We evaluated the effects of different concentrations of isoflurane on short-latency somatosensory evoked potentials recorded over the parietal and frontal scalp in 14 patients during general anesthesia at stable end-tidal concentrations between 0% and 2.5% [19].
• The allosteric halothane modulation of the dynamics-function relationship of KSI without direct competition at the enzymatic active sites may be generalized to offer a unifying explanation of anesthetic action on a diverse range of multidomain neuronal proteins that are potentially relevant to clinical general anesthesia [20].
• METHODS: Under general anesthesia, pigs were provided with an arterial line, a Swan-Ganz catheter, and two intraportal catheters, one for cell infusion and one for heparin infusion and portal pressure measurement [21].
• After induction of general anesthesia and insertion of the Combitube, oxygen saturation, end-tidal carbon dioxide and isoflurane concentration, systolic and diastolic blood pressure and heart rate, as well as breath-by-breath spirometry data were obtained every 5 min [22].

Anatomical context of Anesthesia, General

• We assessed the effects of these polymorphisms and of CYP3A4 mRNA content in the lymphocytes on the patients' recovery from general anesthesia [23].
• Subjects randomly received either 0.5% bupivacaine or saline intraoral injections, general anesthesia was induced with propofol, a non-opioid anesthetic, and 2-4 third molars extracted [24].
• Increase in the rat blood leukocyte counts induced by PAF-acether is suppressed by general anesthesia [25].
• Cerebrospinal fluid signal intensity increase on FLAIR MR images in patients under general anesthesia: the role of supplemental O2 [26].
• After a 5-day recovery period, experiments were performed under general anesthesia in 16 normal fetuses, in 5 fetuses after maternal administration of phenylephrine, and in 5 fetuses after placental embolization [27].

Associations of Anesthesia, General with chemical compounds

• Phencyclidine ("PCP" or "angel dust") and some of its derivatives are psychotomimetic drugs that have been used in general anesthesia for some time [10].
• The effect of sodium taurocholate in stepwise increasing infusion rates, 0.3 to 9.6 mumoles per min per kg, on the biliary excretion rate of iodipamide was investigated in 6 dogs (10 experiments) with complete bile diversion under general anesthesia [28].
• Fulminant hepatitis might be attributable to a hepatotoxic metabolite of isoniazid, the production of which would be attributable to a hepatotoxic metabolite of isoniazid, the production of which would be increased as a consequence of the enzyme-inducing effect of rifampin and, possibly, other drugs administered for general anesthesia [29].
• Pure-tone-frequency RFs were obtained from adult guinea pigs under general anesthesia (sodium pentobarbital or ketamine) before and repeatedly after (1 hr-8 weeks) a 20- to 30-trial session of pairing a non-best-frequency tone with mild footshock [30].
• Halothane, at concentrations used to produce general anesthesia in animals (0.25-0.76 mM), inhibited thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH)-induced prolactin (PRL) secretion [31].

Gene context of Anesthesia, General

• CONCLUSION: Human KCNK5 is a tandem pore domain potassium channel exhibiting delayed activation and sensitivity to volatile anesthetics and may therefore have a role in suppressing cellular excitability during general anesthesia [32].
• We report a series of patients with cardiac RyR defects who underwent general anesthesia without complications [33].
• CONCLUSION: A novel correlation of AM and AQP2 which overlays an AVP-AQP2 system may play a key role in fluid homeostasis during general anesthesia [34].
• Effect of general anesthesia on the abnormal immune response in patients with rheumatoid arthritis [35].
• METHODS: Time course changes in plasma osmolality, AM, arginine vasopressin (AVP), and urinary aquaporin 2 (AQP2) in 17 patients undergoing abdominal surgery under general anesthesia were examined [34].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Anesthesia, General

• The number of CD34+ cells retrieved from the circulation by leukaphereses exceeds the number that can be harvested by multiple BM aspirations under general anesthesia [36].
• Following preoperative CMT (50.40 Gy with fluorouracil-based chemotherapy) and under general anesthesia, the same surgeon estimated tumor response based on changes in these tumor characteristics, assessed via DRE [37].
• METHODS: We randomly allocated 10 patients to receive general anesthesia combined with epidural analgesia using bupivacaine/fentanyl and 10 to receive general anesthesia followed by patient-controlled analgesia with intravenous morphine [38].
• In 24 subjects (12 males and 12 females), premedication consisted of atropine sulfate (0.007 mg/kg BW); general anesthesia (30 min later) was induced by thiopental (7 mg/kg) and maintained constant by 1% ethrane in a 70%:30% nitrous oxide-oxygen mixture [39].
• There was reduction in cephalothin elimination throughout the surgical procedure, not only in the period of extracorporeal circulation, indicating that general anesthesia had a significant influence on drug disposition [40].

References