Disease relevance of LS-2036

• The oxidation of furfuryl alcohol to furfural and further to 2-furoic acid by Pseudomonas putida Fu1 was catalyzed by two different dehydrogenases [1].
• The biological results demonstrated that furfuryl alcohol had neither anti-HIV activity nor cytotoxicity in vitro, suggesting the acid instability of D4-nucleosides is unlikely to have an impact on the toxicity of these nucleoside analogs in humans [2].

High impact information on LS-2036

• Nafion-polyfurfuryl alcohol nanocomposite membranes with low methanol permeability and high proton conductivity were synthesized by in-situ polymerisation of furfuryl alcohol inside commercial Nafion membranes [3].
• Acid-labile THP- or TBS-protected alcohol, furfuryl alcohol, and geraniol could be acylated as well as base-labile alcohols [4].
• By using the convenient protocol for conversion of 2-substituted furans into 4-oxo-2-alkenoic acids ((i) NBS, (ii) NaClO(2)), macrosphelide B (2) was synthesized from furyl alcohol 5 (>98% ee) and acid 6 (99% ee) [5].
• The FFA was consumed when solutions of PABA, ODPABA, OMC, and OCR were illuminated, but no loss of FFA other than by direct photolysis occurred in solutions of BZ3, BZ8, or OCS [6].
• Since parts of HMF such as furan, furfuryl alcohol, and 2-furaldehyde did not influence the activities of any enzymes tested, the substituted form of furan with a hyroxymethyl group and a formyl group might be important for the inhibition of pol lambda and TdT [7].

Chemical compound and disease context of LS-2036

• The conversion of relatively toxic furfural to less toxic furfuryl alcohol suggests a beneficial role for this enzyme in mitigating furfural toxicity encountered during ethanol production from lignocellulosic biomass [8].

Biological context of LS-2036

• In vitro and occupational induction of sister-chromatid exchanges in human lymphocytes with furfuryl alcohol and furfural [9].
• Furfural was reduced to furfuryl alcohol by Saccaromyces cerevisiae with a yield of 0.97 +/- 0.01 mmol/ mmol causing a lag phase in cell growth [10].
• Furfuryl alcohol was evaluated for mutagenic activity in D. melanogaster by means of the sex-linked recessive lethal test and the sex-chromosome loss test [11].
• The comparative metabolism and disposition of furfural (FAL) and furfuryl alcohol (FOL) were investigated following oral administration of approximately 0.001, 0.01, and 0.1 of the LD50, corresponding to approximately 0.127, 1.15, and 12.5 mg/kg for FAL and 0.275, 2.75, and 27.5 mg/kg for FOL [12].
• Superoxide O2*- production by irradiated Xan in methanol was detected by electron paramagnetic resonance and substantiated by determining that the enhanced rate of oxygen consumption of Xan irradiated in the presence of furfuryl alcohol was lowered by superoxide dismutase [13].

Anatomical context of LS-2036

• Evidence for the absence of mutagenic activity of furfuryl alcohol in tests of germ cells in Drosophila melanogaster [11].
• The results indicate that furfuryl alcohol, at fairly low vapor concentrations, may have significant mitochondrial effects in the brain which lead to glial cell degeneration and initiation of demyelination [14].

Associations of LS-2036 with other chemical compounds

• In the work described here, the synthesis of 1O2 was measured by the bleaching of N,N-dimethyl-4-nitrosoaniline (RNO), the oxidation of added histidine and the oxidation of furfuryl alcohol [15].
• Formaldehyde and furfural hydrazones were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography, phenol and furfuryl alcohol by gas chromatography [16].
• The ethanologenic yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae demonstrated a dose-dependant inhibition by the inhibitors and has the potential to transform furfural and HMF into less toxic compounds of furfuryl alcohol and 2,5-bis-hydroxymethylfuran (also termed as furan-2,5-dimethanol (FDM)), respectively [17].
• The formation of singlet oxygen by photolysis of 1 was evidenced by trapping with 2,5-dimethylfuran (GC-mass), furfuryl alcohol and 1,3-cyclohexadiene-1,4-diethanoate (HPLC) as 1O2 scavengers and by the histidine test [18].
• Quantitative gas chromatography (GC) analysis indicated that the addition of epicatechin to glucose or fructose/glycine model systems significantly reduced the generation of hydroxyacetone, 2-methylpyrazine, 2,3,5-trimethylpyrazine, furfural, 2-acetylfuran, 5-methylfurfural, 2(5H)-furanone, 2-acetylpyrrole, and furfuryl alcohol [19].

Gene context of LS-2036

• For example, 1.0 mM furfuryl alcohol increased the photobleaching yields of HP and URO more than 5-fold, with little effect on PF II or TSPP [20].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of LS-2036

• Using high performance liquid chromatography and 13C-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, furfural was found to be completely biotransformed into furfuryl alcohol by each of the three strains with tryptone and yeast extract as sole carbon sources [21].

References