Disease relevance of Sart1

• 2. Exposure of rats to SART stress for 7 days caused mild DIC-like symptoms such as thrombocytopenia, hypofibrinogenemia, decreased factor VIII: coagulant activity and shortened euglobulin clot lysis time (ECLT) [1].
• We investigated the effect of NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), an NO synthase inhibitor, on the disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)-like phenomena in rats under environmental stress, induced by prolonged fluctuation in air temperature, known as SART (specific alternation of rhythm in temperature) stress [1].
• The cholinergic activities in SART (specific alternation of rhythm in temperature)-stressed (repeated cold-stressed) rats, which are diseased rats with vagotonic-type dysautonomia, were examined with the following results [2].
• Considering the previous report together with the above results, the hemostatic system under SART stress tends uniformly toward hemorrhage [3].
• Neurotropin, a non-protein extract from the inflamed skin of rabbits inoculated with vaccinia virus, has been clinically used as an analgesic drug in Japan. Its analgesic effect has been demonstrated by reduced mechano-nociception in hyperalgesic rats exposed to SART-stress (a repeated cold stress) for 5 days [4].

Psychiatry related information on Sart1

• As compared with normal rats, SART-stressed rats exhibited increased locomotor activity, rearing and center-field penetration, together with decreased grooming and increased defecation, whereas they showed no significant changes in spontaneous movements in the daytime as measured by an Animex activity meter [5].

High impact information on Sart1

• 6. These findings demonstrate that repeated administration of L-NAME attenuates the enhanced fibrinolysis, without aggravating thrombocytopenia, in SART-stressed rats [1].
• After 5 days of SART stress plasma NE levels were significantly higher than those found after 5 days of continuous cold exposure [6].
• Plasma levels of DHPG were elevated to the same extent in both 5 days SART- and continuously cold-stressed rats, whereas plasma levels of methoxyhydroxyphenylglycol (MHPG) increased only by 5 days SART stress [6].
• Plasma levels of DOPA, dopamine, dihydroxyphenylacetic acid and homovanillic acid also increased after either SART or continuous cold stress for 1 day and 5 days [6].
• Neither SART nor continuous exposure to cold for 1 day or 5 days altered plasma epinephrine (EPI) levels [6].

Biological context of Sart1

• Blood coagulation and fibrinolysis in SART-stressed (repeated cold-stressed) rats and drug effects on the altered hemostatic parameters [3].
• Blood coagulation and fibrinolytic activity was studied in SART (specific alternation of rhythm in temperature)-stressed animals found to exhibit thrombocytopenia and prolonged bleeding time, and drug effects on the abnormalities were evaluated [3].
• These results suggest that down-regulation of m-ACh.R in duodenum by SART stress may be associated with enhanced activity in the parasympathetic center [7].
• 1) SART-stressed rats revealed prolongation of activated partial thromboplastin and thrombin time, no change in prothrombin time, decreased plasma fibrinogen levels, and shortened euglobulin clot lysis time (ELT) [3].
• In this study, attention was directed to cholinergic function in the SART-stressed rat heart and the effects of AF-DX 116, a specific muscarinic M2 antagonist, on blood pressure and heart rate [8].

Anatomical context of Sart1

• The amount of [3H]quinuclidinyl benzilate in the duodenum of SART-stressed rats was about 50% of that in non-stressed rats, but the KD value remained unchanged [7].
• Subdiaphragmatic vagotomy inhibited the appearance of the changes in the duodenum, but not those in the hypothalamus of SART-stressed rats [2].
• These findings suggest that in both brain areas of basal ganglia and hypothalamus in SART-stressed rats, ACh neurons may be activated [9].
• The daily treatment with Neurotropin, an extract isolated from inflamed rabbit dermis inoculated with vaccinia virus, dose-dependently prevented the changes in SART-stressed rats [7].
• SART-stressed rats may thus have an enhanced sympathetic tone in the heart, as well as changes in muscarinic M2 receptors at sympathetic nerve endings and at the heart muscle [8].

Associations of Sart1 with chemical compounds

• Both SART and continuous cold stress are selective and potent stimuli for activation of the sympathoneural system, apparently without significant adrenomedullary EPI release [6].
• Even at 1 h after the removal from 5 days SART stress, increased plasma levels of NE, DHPG and MHPG were still evident [6].
• Changes in CNS levels of serotonin and its metabolite in SART-stressed (repeatedly cold-stressed) rats [10].
• In rats repeatedly cold-stressed by specific alternation of rhythm in environmental temperature (SART-stressed rats), the contractile response to acetylcholine (ACh) of the isolated duodenum was remarkably decreased, whereas the contractile responses to K+, Ba2+ and Ca2+ were comparable to those in non-stressed rats [7].
• Long-term administration of hexamethonium prevented the changes in SART-stressed rats [7].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Sart1

• Rats exposed to SART (specific alternation of rhythm in temperature) stress, which are ideal animal models for vagotonia-type dysautonomia, show various changes in cardiac and circulatory systems [8].
• ECoG response to electric stimulation in SART-stressed rats was less than that in unstressed rats [11].
• 1 The catecholamine levels in the brains of SART (specific alternation of rhythm in temperature)-stressed (repeated cold-stressed) rats with vagotonic-type dysautonomia, were examined by high performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection techniques [12].

References