Disease relevance of Prothrombin Time

• The aminopyrine breath test was performed weekly, and the results were compared with clinical features of liver disease and SGOT, SGPT, bilirubin, albumin, and prothrombin time [1].
• Since spironolactone treatment was not associated with improvement in the fractional clearance of bromosulfophthalein, nor in serum albumin, prothrombin time, and factor V, the data are compatible with the idea that even in cirrhosis the hepatic drug-oxidizing enzymes were induced by spironolactone [2].
• PATIENTS: We enrolled 66 patients with alcoholic hepatitis and either spontaneous hepatic encephalopathy or a discriminant function value greater than 32, calculated using the formula: 4.6 (prothrombin time - control time) + serum bilirubin [in mumol/L]/17 [3].
• RESULTS: For patients with lupus anticoagulants who were not receiving warfarin, prothrombin times were often elevated and varied significantly with different thromboplastins [4].
• We have correlated results of the prothrombin time and NPA with development of venous thrombosis or bleeding complications in a clinical trial of warfarin prophylaxis following total hip arthroplasty to determine the potential value of NPA measurement for monitoring oral anticoagulation [5].

Psychiatry related information on Prothrombin Time

• Younger age at presentation, history of unexplained sibling death, a previous episode of lethargy, hypoglycemia or acidosis precipitated by fasting stress and only mildly elevated serum transaminases with normal or only mildly prolonged prothrombin time may all suggest an acyl CoA dehydrogenase deficiency [6].
• The serum bilirubin and the prothrombin time complement these parameters in the decision making process [7].
• 3. In all patients whose alcohol consumption exceeded the guidelines, paracetamol overdose was fatal if associated with a serum creatinine greater than 300 mumol in conjunction with a prothrombin time over 100 s and grade 3 or 4 encephalopathy or a peak prothrombin time over 180 s [8].
• A twenty-year-old woman with anorexia nervosa (body mass index=11) suffered from severe liver dysfunction (aspartate aminotransferase 5,000 IU/l, alanine aminotransferase 3,980 IU/l, prothrombin time 32%), hypoglycemia (serum glucose 27 mg/dl), and pancreatic dysfunction (amylase 820 IU/l, lipase 558 IU/l) [9].

High impact information on Prothrombin Time

• Patients receiving this therapy should have a preoperative screening that includes a hematocrit reading, prothrombin time, partial thromboplastin time, and a platelet count [10].
• In normal plasma, added HDL enhanced APC/protein S anticoagulant activity in modified prothrombin-time clotting assays [11].
• This increase in viral replication was associated with a marked increase in alanine aminotransferase and mild changes in bilirubin, albumin, and prothrombin time [12].
• RESULTS: The clinical course was characterized by a sudden rise in serum bilirubin, prothrombin time, and transaminase [13].
• Dipyridamole (5 mg/kg per 24 h intravenously for 28 h, followed by 200 mg twice daily) and oral anticoagulants (desired prothrombin time range 2.8-4.8 international normalised ratio) were started before surgery, and aspirin (50 mg per day) was started after surgery [14].

Chemical compound and disease context of Prothrombin Time

• Another index for the detection of fibrosis, the PGA index, combines the prothrombin time, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase activity, and serum apolipoprotein A1 concentration (the latter falls with progressive fibrosis) [15].
• He had marked hypotonia with elevated serum creatine kinase and transaminases, prolonged prothrombin time and low albumin [16].
• Established venous thrombosis is treated effectively by intravenous heparin, followed by warfarin to keep the prothrombin time at 1.2 to 1.5 times control, as assessed using rabbit thromboplastin; most patients need three months of treatment [17].
• Four (12.9%) of 31 in whom a baseline normal prothrombin time was obtained developed hypoprothrombinemia during cefamandole therapy [18].
• Dipyridamole (5 mg/kg body weight per 24 h intravenously, followed by 200 mg twice daily) and oral anticoagulant agents (prothrombin time target range 2.8 to 4.8 international normalized ratio) were started before operation, and low dose aspirin (50 mg/day) after operation [19].

Biological context of Prothrombin Time

• Serum bilirubin, gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase, and cholesterol levels were normal, but prothrombin time and partial thromboplastin time were prolonged and bone alkaline phosphatase level was elevated [20].
• The antithrombotic effect of aFXI was comparable with that of heparin at doses that significantly prolonged the partial thromboplastin time (APTT), prothrombin time (PT), and bleeding time (BT). aFXI also prolonged the APTT, but the PT and BT were unaffected [21].
• Regardless of changes in hepatitis B serology, when serum ALT values fluctuated by more than 20% (presumed to reflect fluctuations in necroinflammatory activity of the liver disease), antipyrine clearance also changed whereas serum albumin and bilirubin concentrations and prothrombin time did not [22].
• Activated partial thromboplastin time and prothrombin time were shortened by these proteinases, with a 95-kDa gingipain R containing adhesin domains being 5-fold more efficient in comparison to a 50-kDa gingipain R containing the catalytic domain alone [23].
• Coagulation factor activity for Factors I, II, V, VII and VIII, as well as antithrombin III (AT III), prothrombin time, partial thromboplastin time, and thrombin time, were measured at preshock, postshock, postresuscitation, and postshock day two [24].

Anatomical context of Prothrombin Time

• Also, exposure to plasmas containing antiphospholipid antibodies reduces annexin-V binding to phosphatidyl serine-coated microtiter plates, frozen thawed washed platelets, activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) reagent and prothrombin time reagent and reduces the anticoagulant effect of the protein [25].
• Alterations in the total bilirubin level and prothrombin time were also insignificant and transient, indicating that hepatocyte functions were not impaired by PVE [26].
• In a multivariate analysis bilirubin (>2 mg/dl), portal vein thrombosis, prothrombin time (<70%), alpha fetoprotein (>180 microg/l), tumour mass >50%, and enlarged lymph nodes were independent predictors of survival [27].
• During total parenteral nutrition the prothrombin time and erythrocyte sedimentation rate increased in both groups [28].
• When compared with febrile patients, hypothermic patients had a higher frequency of central nervous system dysfunction (88% vs. 60%), increased serum bilirubin concentration (35% vs. 15%), prolonged prothrombin times (50% vs. 23%), shock (94% vs. 61%), failure to recover from shock (66% vs. 26%), and death (62% vs. 26%) [29].

Associations of Prothrombin Time with chemical compounds

• Prolongation of prothrombin time and severe gastrointestinal bleeding associated with combined use of warfarin and ketoprofen [30].
• Biochemically, the serial changes in bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase, prothrombin time, and albumin were similar [31].
• Synthetic heparin analogue and prothrombin time [32].
• In patients given acetylcysteine, progression to grade III/IV coma was significantly less common than in those who did not receive the antidote (51% vs 75%), although the median peak prothrombin time was similar for both groups [33].
• Vitamin E absorption was inversely related to stage of PBC, serum cholylglycine, total bilirubin, cholesterol, alkaline phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase, and prothrombin time [34].

Gene context of Prothrombin Time

• Thromboplastin also caused a rapid decrease of systemic fibrinogen that was accompanied by a lengthening of the activated partial thromboplastin time and prothrombin time [35].
• WT1 mRNA abundance correlated inversely with prothrombin time (P =.04) and directly with serum bilirubin (P =.002) and with the MELD score (P =.001) of disease severity [36].
• However, prothrombin time was ameliorated by rIFN-alpha2a, suggesting that the decrease in LPL, HTGL, and CETP activities may not be due to a reduction in protein synthesis by the liver [37].
• In addition, interleukin 8 concentrations of >20 pg/mL were associated with peak prothrombin time values (Mann-Whitney exact test, P <.015) [38].
• Subsequently, the degradation of factor Va, in presence of protein C-deficient plasma, is measured by the prolongation of the prothrombin time which is proportional to the amount of protein C in the sample [39].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Prothrombin Time

• The warfarin dose was 1 mg daily for 6 weeks and was then adjusted to maintain the prothrombin time at an international normalised ratio (INR) of 1.3 to 1 [40].
• This produced a salicylate level of 9.1 g/dl and was associated with an immediate deterioration in liver function test findings and a return of microangiopathic blood features with elevation of fibrin split products and a prolonged prothrombin time [41].
• DESIGN: Retrospective cohort analysis of computerized laboratory data (complete blood count, sodium, potassium, and creatinine levels, prothrombin time, and partial thromboplastin time) [42].
• Plasma was fractionated and stored at -70 degrees C for batch assaying of the following tests: prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, thrombin clotting time, and factor assays (biologic): fibrinogen, II, V, VII, VIII, IX, X, XI, XII, and high-molecular weight kininogen [43].
• Disease severity was measured immediately before transplantation by a summary score ("risk score") used in the Mayo natural history model, namely age, bilirubin, albumin, prothrombin time, and the presence or absence of edema [44].

References