Disease relevance of METHOXYHYDROXYPHENYLGLYCOL

• Thus, differences in central noradrenergic activity, reflected in cerebrospinal fluid levels of MHPG, distinguish these two forms of parkinsonism [1].
• There was a significant correlation between the concentration of MHPG and the severity of hypertension [2].
• Furthermore, soft neurologic signs were not related to pretreatment MHPG levels [3].
• Raised plasma concentrations of 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylethyleneglycol in cirrhotic patients with or without hepatic encephalopathy [4].
• The authors studied growth hormone (GH) release after insulin-induced hypoglycemia (HI) in relation to urinary MHPG, the major metabolite of central norepinephrine [5].

Psychiatry related information on METHOXYHYDROXYPHENYLGLYCOL

• Afternoon continuous plasma levels of 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol and age. Distinctive biologic subgroups of endogenous depression [6]?
• If brain noradrenergic hyperactivity occurs during situational panic attacks, it may be too brief or too restricted in regional localization to affect MHPG levels in plasma [7].
• Urinary 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol and major affective disorders. A replication and new findings [8].
• There were no significant effects of physical activity on urinary MHPG levels [9].
• Responses of plasma growth hormone, 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol, heart rate, blood pressure, and psychological states were determined in 11 patients with generalized anxiety disorder and 14 healthy subjects [10].

High impact information on METHOXYHYDROXYPHENYLGLYCOL

• Relation between plasma and cerebrospinal fluid levels of 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol [11].
• This increment can be used to provide the best available index of formation of 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol in the central nervous system [11].
• Concentrations of free 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol in the plasma and cerebrospinal fluid are highly correlated, but concentrations in the cerebrospinal fluid are always higher than those in plasma, even when large amounts of the catecholamine metabolite are derived from a tumor of the adrenal medulla [11].
• Antibodies that specifically bind the norepinephrine metabolite 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylethyleneglycol (MOPEG) were produced in rabbits after injection of a derivative of MOPEG conjugated with bovine thyroglobulin [12].
• Extracellular fluid (ECF) levels of the catecholamines norepinephrine (NE), dihydroxyphenylglycol (DHPG), methoxyhydroxyphenylglycol (MHPG), and dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) were obtained by microdialysis in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of the hypothalamus at baseline and during immobilization (IMMO) [13].

Chemical compound and disease context of METHOXYHYDROXYPHENYLGLYCOL

• 3-Methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol in cerebrospinal fluid and vanillylmandelic acid in urine of humans with hypertension [2].
• There were highly significant correlations between scores on the extraversion scale and cerebrospinal fluid levels of 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol, plasma levels of 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol, urinary outputs of vanillylmandelic acid, as well as with the sum of urinary outputs of norepinephrine and its major metabolites [14].
• Dynorphin A (1-8 sequence), homovanillic acid, corticotropin, 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol, and corticotropin releasing hormone were not significantly related to obsessive-compulsive disorder symptoms [15].
• Toward a biochemical classification of depressive disorders, VII: urinary free cortisol and urinary MHPG in depressions [16].
• Urinary MHPG excretion in minimal brain dysfunction and its modification by d-amphetamine [3].

Biological context of METHOXYHYDROXYPHENYLGLYCOL

• Long-term alprazolam treatment significantly reduced plasma MHPG baseline and blunted the yohimbine-induced increases in plasma MHPG, anxiety-nervousness, and sitting systolic blood pressure [17].
• The MHPG concentrations in CSF also showed significant positive correlations with heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressures, tremor, anorexia, and sweating [18].
• The physiological changes in levels of MHPG excretion associated with the circadian rhythm were at least as great as pathological changes associated with manic-depressive illness [19].
• CONCLUSIONS: Short-term anabolic androgenic steroid use affects brain neurochemistry, increasing CSF 5-HIAA and decreasing MHPG [20].
• There was a detectable but nonsignificant genotype effect on 5-HIAA and no effects on MHPG [21].

Anatomical context of METHOXYHYDROXYPHENYLGLYCOL

• Platelet MAO activity, urinary excretion of 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol (MHPG), and leukocyte beta-adrenergic receptor functions were measured before and during the 4th week of phenelzine treatment [22].
• In the hypothalamus, there are significant direct relationships of homovanillic acid (HVA) and 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol (MHPG) with depressed mood, as measured by an adaptation of the Hamilton Rating Scale for depression [23].
• NE turnover as estimated by the ratio of the major NE metabolite, 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylethyleneglycol (MHPG) to NE was increased in frontal (+107%), temporal (+103%), and occipital (+64%) cortex and thalamus (+83%) [24].
• Plasma norepinephrine (NE), free 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenethylene glycol (MHPG), and binding of tritiated yohimbine to platelet membranes were measured in 14 patients with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), who were matched for age and sex with 14 patients with unipolar major depressive disorder (MDD) and 14 normal subjects [25].
• Total DHPG concentrations exceeded total MHPG levels in hypothalamus (3.0:1), midbrain (1.4:1), pons plus medulla (1.3:1), and hippocampus (1.5:1), whereas in other brain regions the levels of these metabolites were similar [26].

Associations of METHOXYHYDROXYPHENYLGLYCOL with other chemical compounds

• After treatment with neuroleptic antipsychotics there were significant increases in the HVA/5-HIAA and HVA/MHPG ratios, as well as increases in correlations between monoamine metabolites [27].
• Heart rate, blood pressure, and plasma free 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol (MHPG), cortisol, growth hormone, and prolactin levels were measured before, during, and after exposure [7].
• Clonidine produced significantly greater decreases in plasma MHPG levels and sitting and standing diastolic blood pressure and significantly smaller increases in growth hormone levels and self-rated drowsiness in the patients [28].
• Treatment of manic patients with lithium carbonate was associated with significant decreases in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol (MHPG) and urinary norepinephrine excretion [29].
• alpha 2-Adrenergic receptor sensitivity in depression. The plasma MHPG, behavioral, and cardiovascular responses to yohimbine [30].

Gene context of METHOXYHYDROXYPHENYLGLYCOL

• Concentrations of MHPG in plasma are determined mainly by MAO-A activity because COMT inhibition did not have an additional effect on the moclobemide-induced decrease in plasma MHPG [31].
• Individuals with specific DRD2 and TH allele and genotype configurations significantly differed in HVA and MHPG concentrations [32].
• This paper summarizes the most important genetic data in correlations with biochemical periphery parameters (especially for DBH, HVA, MHPG, serotonin) [33].
• Eight women with prospectively documented premenstrual syndrome (PMS) underwent multiple samplings for estradiol, progesterone, prolactin, cortisol, and plasma 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol (MHPG) during an asymptomatic midcycle (late follicular) and a symptomatic premenstrual (late luteal) phase of the menstrual cycle [34].
• Monoamine oxidase type B inhibition was complete (100%) by 12 hours after initial application in all treatment groups while plasma levels of 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol (MHPG) after 24-hour application were unaffected relative to baseline [35].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of METHOXYHYDROXYPHENYLGLYCOL

• A sensitive radioimmunoassay was devised with this antiserum, in which as little as 0.5 nanogram of MOPEG can be accurately measured with a final antibody dilution of 1:180 [12].
• An increase in urinary MHPG concentration after treatment was significantly correlated with a decrease in depressive symptomatology [36].
• Primary affective disorder, clinical state change, and MHPG excretion: a longitudinal study [37].
• The 24-hour urinary 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylethyleneglycol (MHPG) output was used as the basis for selection of tricyclic antidepressant drug therapy for the depressed patient population treated by one psychiatrist over a period of ten months in a psychiatric clinic [38].
• A rat brain microdialysis experiment showed that perfusion of 6-nitronorepinephrine into the rat paraventricular nucleus significantly elevated NE while decreasing 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol and that L-NAME administered intraperitoneally decreased NE and increased 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol [39].

References