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Gene Review

HOXC6  -  homeobox C6

Homo sapiens

Synonyms: CP25, HHO.C8, HOX3, HOX3C, Homeobox protein CP25, ...
 
 
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Disease relevance of HOXC6

 

High impact information on HOXC6

 

Biological context of HOXC6

  • HOXC4 and HOXC6 gene expression levels increase with differentiation of lymphoid cells [3].
  • Loss of HOXC6 expression induces apoptosis in prostate cancer cells [4].
  • To validate the specificity of the siRNA-induced apoptosis, LnCaP cells were cotransfected with siRNA specific to the HOXC6 3'UTR and a mammalian expression vector containing the HOXC6 open reading frame, but lacking the 3'UTR [4].
  • Taken together, our results suggest that HOXC6 proteins might contribute to the breast cell phenotype through co-operative interactions with other HOX-derived proteins and repression of their target genes [5].
  • In an attempt to characterize expressed homeobox (HOX) genes in breast cancer cells, we cloned two distinct HOXC6 transcripts from an MCF7 cDNA library, Interestingly, one of them represents a new HOXC6 mRNA encoding a homeodomain-containing protein harbouring a unique N-terminal sequence [5].
 

Anatomical context of HOXC6

  • Silencing of HOXC6 expression using small-interfering RNA (siRNA) resulted in decreased proliferation rates for both androgen-dependent LnCaP cells and the LnCaP-derived androgen-independent C4-2 cell line [4].
  • Furthermore, the presence of HOXC5 and HOXC6 expression specifically in skin infiltrates of late differentiation stages of myeloid leukemias, suggests an additional role for these genes in the positioning of these myeloid cells in skin tissue [9].
  • In earliest CD34+/CD38low and high cell fractions of bone marrow only HOXC4 and in megakaryocytic cells both HOXC4 and HOXC6 were found [9].
  • We have used virally mediated, targeted misexpression to ectopically express the Hoxc-6 protein in chick embryos [10].
  • Virally mediated misexpression of Hoxc-6 in the cervical mesoderm results in spinal nerve truncations [10].
 

Associations of HOXC6 with chemical compounds

  • The hydroxypyranone ethylmaltol has been compared with the 3-hydroxypyridin-4-one CP94 and to its structurally related lipophilic analogue CP25 as well as with the 3-hydroxypyridin-2-one, CP02 [11].
 

Physical interactions of HOXC6

  • In addition, transient co-transfection experiments illustrated that both HOXC6 transcripts encode gene products that repress transcription from a HOX binding sequence in MDA-MB231 cells and co-operate with other HOX gene products such as HOXB7 on their target genes [5].
 

Other interactions of HOXC6

  • Recently, we reported a largely similar expression pattern of HOXC4 and HOXC6 in normal and neoplastic cells of the lymphoid lineage [1].
  • In the present study the expression of HOXC4, HOXC5, and HOXC6 in primary cutaneous lymphomas was investigated [1].
  • We used monoclonal antibodies to study the distribution of three homeoproteins, namely HOXB7, HOXC6 and HOXD4 [12].
  • The immunoreactivity to antibodies against HOXC6 protein in Xenopus laevis embryonic tissues is restricted to one or two spots within the nucleus; this distribution partially overlaps that of fibrillarin, a protein of the fibrillar zone of the nucleoli [12].
  • Of the latter, expression of HOXA7, HOXA9, and HOXC6 was significantly higher in cancerous tissue (P < 0.05) [13].
 

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of HOXC6

  • We used quantitative real-time PCR to verify regulation of the HOXC6 gene, which showed decreased expression of approximately 2.5-fold by BPA [14].
  • Measurement of DNA content gave an assay endpoint with a reasonably good lambda value (0.16) but when the changes in the amounts of CP 14 and CP 25 were expressed as ratios to the changes occurring in CP 17, very precise assay endpoints (lambda = 0.06-0.08) were obtained [15].

References

  1. HOXC4, HOXC5, and HOXC6 expression in primary cutaneous lymphoid lesions. High expression of HOXC5 in anaplastic large-cell lymphomas. Bijl, J.J., Rieger, E., van Oostveen, J.W., Walboomers, J.M., Kreike, M., Willemze, R., Meijer, C.J. Am. J. Pathol. (1997) [Pubmed]
  2. Up-regulation of HOXC6, HOXD1, and HOXD8 homeobox gene expression in human neuroblastoma cells following chemical induction of differentiation. Manohar, C.F., Salwen, H.R., Furtado, M.R., Cohn, S.L. Tumour Biol. (1996) [Pubmed]
  3. HOXC4, HOXC5, and HOXC6 expression in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: preferential expression of the HOXC5 gene in primary cutaneous anaplastic T-cell and oro-gastrointestinal tract mucosa-associated B-cell lymphomas. Bijl, J.J., van Oostveen, J.W., Walboomers, J.M., Horstman, A., van den Brule, A.J., Willemze, R., Meijer, C.J. Blood (1997) [Pubmed]
  4. Loss of HOXC6 expression induces apoptosis in prostate cancer cells. Ramachandran, S., Liu, P., Young, A.N., Yin-Goen, Q., Lim, S.D., Laycock, N., Amin, M.B., Carney, J.K., Marshall, F.F., Petros, J.A., Moreno, C.S. Oncogene (2005) [Pubmed]
  5. Cloning and expression of a new HOXC6 transcript encoding a repressing protein. Chariot, A., Castronovo, V., Le, P., Gillet, C., Sobel, M.E., Gielen, J. Biochem. J. (1996) [Pubmed]
  6. Binding and transcriptional activation of the promoter for the neural cell adhesion molecule by HoxC6 (Hox-3.3). Jones, F.S., Holst, B.D., Minowa, O., De Robertis, E.M., Edelman, G.M. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (1993) [Pubmed]
  7. A homeobox gene of the Antennapedia class is required for human adult erythropoiesis. Takeshita, K., Bollekens, J.A., Hijiya, N., Ratajczak, M., Ruddle, F.H., Gewirtz, A.M. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (1993) [Pubmed]
  8. Pbx raises the DNA binding specificity but not the selectivity of antennapedia Hox proteins. Neuteboom, S.T., Murre, C. Mol. Cell. Biol. (1997) [Pubmed]
  9. Differentiation and cell-type-restricted expression of HOXC4, HOXC5 and HOXC6 in myeloid leukemias and normal myeloid cells. Bijl, J.J., van Oostveen, J.W., Walboomers, J.M., Brink, A.T., Vos, W., Ossenkoppele, G.J., Meijer, C.J. Leukemia (1998) [Pubmed]
  10. Virally mediated misexpression of Hoxc-6 in the cervical mesoderm results in spinal nerve truncations. Burke, A.C., Tabin, C.J. Dev. Biol. (1996) [Pubmed]
  11. Platelet labelling with indium-hydroxypyridinone and indium-hydroxypyranone complexes. Abeysinghe, R.D., Ellis, B.L., Porter, J.B. European journal of nuclear medicine. (1994) [Pubmed]
  12. Nucleolar localisation of three Hox homeoproteins. Corsetti, M.T., Levi, G., Lancia, F., Sanseverino, L., Ferrini, S., Boncinelli, E., Corte, G. J. Cell. Sci. (1995) [Pubmed]
  13. Expression of 11 HOX genes is deregulated in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Chen, K.N., Gu, Z.D., Ke, Y., Li, J.Y., Shi, X.T., Xu, G.W. Clin. Cancer Res. (2005) [Pubmed]
  14. Gene expression profiling reveals novel regulation by bisphenol-A in estrogen receptor-alpha-positive human cells. Singleton, D.W., Feng, Y., Yang, J., Puga, A., Lee, A.V., Khan, S.A. Environmental research. (2006) [Pubmed]
  15. Measurement of inducible proteins improves the precision of the local pigeon crop-sac bioassay for prolactin. Lebovic, D.I., Nicoll, C.S. Life Sci. (1992) [Pubmed]
 
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