Disease relevance of Pgs1

• In this paper we have shown that SAF-1, a major member of the SAF family, is abundantly present in human AA amyloidosis patients [1].
• SAF augments responses to influenza virus haemagglutinin and hepatitis B virus surface antigen [2].
• Vaccines using SAF have protected guinea pigs against genital herpes simplex virus infections and subhuman primates against Epstein-Barr virus and simian immunodeficiency virus infections [2].
• The normal protein seems to be modified in scrapie infected brain so that it accumulates as SAF [3].

High impact information on Pgs1

• Loss of DNA-binding ability as a result of in vitro dephosphorylation, induction of SAA-chloramphenicol acetyltransferase reporter gene activity in the presence of genistein, a protein kinase inhibitor, further indicate that a phosphorylation step is necessary for the activation of SAF [4].
• The induction kinetics and cycloheximide sensitivity of this SAS-binding factor (SAF) suggested that de novo synthesis of this factor itself or an activator protein is essential [4].
• Our results suggest that SAF is a key regulator of cytokine-mediated SAA gene expression in some nonhepatic cells [4].
• Used with a variety of antigens SAF elicits cell-mediated immunity and antibodies of protective isotypes (IgG2a in the mouse) [2].
• We have developed an adjuvant formulation (SAF) consisting of a synthetic muramyl dipeptide analogue (N-acetylmuramyl-L-threonyl-D-isoglutamine) in a squalane-Pluronic polymer emulsion [2].

Biological context of Pgs1

• The more rapidly growing SAF tumor showed less G2-phase delay per gray than a more slowly proliferating tumor, the Rh (0.9 vs 1.8 h) [5].
• Preincubation of the antibody treated bone marrow cells with an immunosuppressive factor (SAF) derived from a 6-thioguanine resistant cell line, itself derived from the human T cell line CEM, in contrast, allowed those bone marrow cells to produce a state of chimerism and long term survival [6].
• Immunolabelling of plaques with antisera to SAF protein shows as yet that there is no antigenic variation in the protein prepared from different scrapie models with different strains of the virus based on available reagents [7].

Anatomical context of Pgs1

• We have determined the thymus-repopulating capacity of purified hemopoietic stem cells, bone marrow cells from mice injected four days previously with 5-fluorouracil (5-FUBM), and bone marrow cells cultured in the presence of stem-cell-activating factor (SAF; SAFBM) [8].
• These facts suggest that SAF are not products of self-assembly from subunit structures liberated from membranes by exposure to detergent, but exist as aggregates of amyloid-like filaments from which SAF are dissociated by detergent extraction [9].

Associations of Pgs1 with chemical compounds

• Properties of SAF are compared with those of other adjuvants, including lipopolysaccharide analogs, ISCOMs and liposomes [2].
• Mice were fed diets containing different levels of n-3 PUFA; safflower oil (SAF; control containing no n-3 PUFA), fish oil (FO) at 2% and 4%, or 1% purified docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) for 2 weeks [10].
• Male SAF mice (30-35 g) or male Sprague-Dawley rats (180-250 g) were used to study the circadian variation in tolerance to the hypothermic action of ethanol, apomorphine, and nicotine [11].
• The results of our study on the effect of hydralazine on IFP in SAF and LPB tumour model are in accordance to previously reported studies [12].

References