Disease relevance of Urethral Obstruction

• PURPOSE: We studied nine inflammatory and immunoregulatory cytokines in acute pyelonephritis and urethral obstruction in mice to better understand the processes underlying kidney inflammation and scarring [1].
• CONCLUSIONS: Adult onset nocturnal enuresis with absent daytime incontinence is a serious symptom that usually heralds significant urethral obstruction, and a high incidence of bladder diverticulum, hydronephrosis and vesicoureteral reflux [2].
• Urinary calculi form from urate (salts of uric acid) and can cause urethral obstruction in male Dalmatians [3].
• Xanthine calculi were found in a 7-month-old male Cavalier King Charles spaniel with urethral obstruction and renal insufficiency [4].
• Similarity of the American Urological Association Symptom Index among men with benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH), urethral obstruction not due to BPH and detrusor hyperreflexia without outlet obstruction [5].

High impact information on Urethral Obstruction

• PURPOSE: Rapid bladder growth associated, partial urethral obstruction and embryonic bladder development entail stromal-epithelial interactions involving signaling by the cytokine transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) [6].
• Effect of preemptive treatment of capsaicin or resiniferatoxin on the development of pre-micturition contractions after partial urethral obstruction in the rat [7].
• PURPOSE: To determine the role of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) glutamatergic receptors in the development of functional bladder changes after partial urethral obstruction we investigated the effects of repeat injection of MK-801, a noncompetitive NMDA receptor antagonist, on the micturition reflex in conscious obstructed rats [8].
• The CTGF mRNA levels seemed to peak within the second week of the urethral obstruction and correlate well with increased type I collagen mRNA [9].
• The diminished contractile response to field stimulation and carbachol secondary to urethral obstruction was significantly reversed by Tadenan treatment [10].

Chemical compound and disease context of Urethral Obstruction

• Lactic acid levels were also elevated in urine samples collected immediately after relief of obstruction in the nine patients who had urethral obstructions, showing a mean concentration of 15.8 mg/dl (range, 4.2-37.2 mg/dl) [11].
• Short-term alfuzosin treatment improved outflow conditions in BPH by reducing prostatic urethral obstruction [12].
• Aggregates of struvite crystals caused urethral obstruction in a high percentage of cats fed moist and dry diets supplemented with Mg oxide [13].
• Urethral obstruction developed twice in 7 of the 12 cats fed the ration without ammonium chloride [14].
• This preliminary study demonstrates that by preventing the outward growth of the steroid-stimulated prostate, urethral obstruction resembling BPH can be produced [15].

Anatomical context of Urethral Obstruction

• We determined if capsaicin sensitive C-fiber bladder afferents are involved in the development of pre-micturition contractions after partial urethral obstruction in the rat [7].
• We examined the renal pathology of fetuses with urethral obstruction and vesicoureteral reflux, and we suggest herein a possible etiology of congenital reflux nephropathy [16].
• Alpha-adrenergic agents in urinary disorders of the proximal urethra. Part II. Urethral obstruction due to "sympathetic dyssynergia" [17].

Gene context of Urethral Obstruction

• We also demonstrate that urethral obstruction per se induces an increase in TGF-beta the magnitude of which is decreased in IL-6-deficient mice [18].
• In this study, the ANG II subtype AT1 receptor antagonist losartan (DuP 753) was administered perorally (15 mg.kg-1.day-1) for 28 days to rats subjected to partial urethral obstruction or sham surgery [19].
• In this chapter, the mouse models of nephrotoxic serum nephritis, COL4A3-deficiency, and unilateral urethral obstruction, which all result reliably into renal fibrosis, are described [20].
• These findings support the theory that a significant number of cases of VUR seen in baby boys result from a transient fetal urethral obstruction [21].
• CONCLUSIONS: Simple sling incision is an effective, technically simple, and safe treatment for women with iatrogenic urethral obstruction after placement of a pubovaginal sling [22].

References