Disease relevance of deoxycytidylic acid

• Crystal structure of deoxycytidylate hydroxymethylase from bacteriophage T4, a component of the deoxyribonucleoside triphosphate-synthesizing complex [1].
• We have cloned cDNA copies of human preproparathyroid hormone in Escherichia coli after insertion of double-stranded DNA into the Pst I site of plasmid pBR322 using the poly(dG) . poly(dC) homopolymer extension technique [2].
• The enzyme was purified to homogeneity and found to possess properties similar to T2 phage deoxycytidylate deaminase [3].
• Gel electrophoresis was used to analyze the effect of inhibitors on extension of heteropolymeric template-primers by HIV-1 reverse transcriptase. ddCTP induced accumulation of partially extended primers which had been terminated at sites requiring incorporation of deoxycytidylate [4].
• Deoxycytidylate deaminase from Bacillus subtilis. Purification, characterization, and physiological function [5].

High impact information on deoxycytidylic acid

• The Young's modulus (bending stiffness) we have measured for poly(dG) . poly(dC) is at least twice that of poly(dA-dC) . poly(dT-dG) or random sequence DNA, and is at least threefold greater than that of poly(dA) . poly(dT) [6].
• Bacteriophage T4 deoxycytidylate hydroxymethylase (EC 2.1.2.8), a homodimer of 246-residue subunits, catalyzes hydroxymethylation of the cytosine base in deoxycytidylate (dCMP) to produce 5-hydroxymethyl-dCMP [1].
• We determined that none of the deoxycytidylate-phosphate-deoxyguanylate (CpG) sites in the reported IL-8 promoter were methylated in either cell type [7].
• Here, we show that human TLR9 (hTLR9) expression in human immune cells correlates with responsiveness to bacterial deoxycytidylate-phosphate-deoxyguanylate (CpG)-DNA [8].
• The human apoB mRNA editing protein is a cytidine deaminase showing structural homology to some known mammalian and bacteriophage deoxycytidylate deaminases [9].

Chemical compound and disease context of deoxycytidylic acid

• The activity of deoxycytidylate aminohydrolase, a pivotal enzyme for pyrimidine biosynthesis in mammalian tissue, is 100x greater in the Novikoff hepatoma harvested from the intraperitoneal cavity than in the same tumor excised from either subcutaneous or intramuscular sites [10].
• In order to study the influence of 3-methylcytosine on DNA replication, untreated and DMS-treated poly(dC) were used as templates for E. coli DNA polymerase I. The alkylation of poly(dC) inhibits DNA chain elongation, and does not induce any mispairing under high fidelity conditions [11].

Biological context of deoxycytidylic acid

• The cDNA was inserted into the Pst I endonuclease site of plasmid pBR322 by the use of the poly(dC) and poly(dG) tailing procedure [12].
• In order to use specific DNA probes for the study of developmentally regulated gene expression, we have prepared cDNA clones corresponding to chicken embryonic globins by inserting cDNA.mRNA hybrids into the Pst I site of the plasmid pBR322 by using poly(dG) and poly(dC) linkers [13].
• The rate of hydrolysis of homopolymers is: poly(dT) greater than poly(dA) greater than poly(dC) greater than poly(dG) in the presence of Mg2+, and poly(dT) greater than poly(dC) greater than poly(dA) = poly(dG) in the presence of Mn2+ [14].
• The amino acid sequence of deoxycytidylate deaminase isolated from T2 phage-infected Escherichia coli has been determined [15].
• Role of deoxycytidylate deaminase in deoxyribonucleotide synthesis in bacteriophage T4 DNA replication [16].

Anatomical context of deoxycytidylic acid

• The 125I-labeled NPF-1 does not bind to activated calf thymus DNA or poly(dC) [17].
• We have investigated the de novo synthesis of DNA by a primase-DNA polymerase alpha preparation isolated from human HeLa cells using the synthetic homopolymers poly(dT) and poly(dC) as templates [18].
• Cytosol thymidine kinase (TK) and deoxycytidylate (dCMP) deaminase formation was investigated in synchronized cultures of K12 Chinese hamster cells which have a temperature-sensitive lesion affecting the initiation of DNA synthesis [19].
• Attempts at overexpressing T4-phage deoxycytidylate deaminase using the pET3c/BL21(DE3)/pLysS system resulted in this enzyme being part of an inactive inclusion-body complex [20].

Associations of deoxycytidylic acid with other chemical compounds

• An in vitro model system including wild-type T4 DNA polymerase, the mutagenic nucleotide analogue 2-aminopurine deoxyribonucleoside triphosphate, and poly[d(A,C)] X oligo(dT) poly(dC) X oligo(dG) template-primers is used to measure the frequency of 2-aminopurine X cytosine base mispairs formed in the G X C----A X T mutational pathway [21].
• Poly(dT), poly(dC), and single-stranded DNA increase the rate of tryptic hydrolysis of the "A" region but decrease the rate of tryptic hydrolysis of the "B" region [22].
• In the presence of poly(dC), bicyclomycin showed a reversible mixed inhibition of the ribo(C)10-stimulated ATPase activity [23].
• The distribution of oligomeric products varies with the base composition of the polymer but the largest oligomer that can be isolated from the reaction of exonuclease I with homopolymers of deoxyadenylate, deoxythymidylate, or deoxycytidylate is a decamer [24].
• Alkaline titrations of different samples of poly(dG).poly(dC) and of the constituent homopolymers poly(dG) and poly(dC) have been performed in 0.15 M NaCl and their CD spectra followed [25].

Gene context of deoxycytidylic acid

• The cd gene of bacteriophage T4, which encodes the enzyme deoxycytidylate deaminase, was isolated as a 1.9-kilobase DNA fragment and completely sequenced [3].
• A genetic ('transformation') assay was used to monitor transcription of genes 30 (polynucleotide ligase), 42 (deoxycytidylate hydroxymethylase), 43 (DNA polymerase), rIIA, rIIB, and e (endolysin) [26].
• In contrast, cotransfection of the tk gene with polymers which do not assume Z-conformation such as, poly(dG) X poly(dC) or poly(dA-dT) X poly(dA-dT) showed no effect on the number of colonies formed [27].
• P16 exhibited a binding preference for single strand DNA, poly(dT), and poly(dC) in comparison to double strand DNA, poly(U), or poly[d(A-T)] [28].
• Finally, the optimised system was successfully tested on the nucleotide mixture solution to determine the methylation state of 2'-deoxycytidine-5'-monophosphate in DNA in the search for FMR1 gene changes [29].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of deoxycytidylic acid

• The labeled duplex containing the poly(dC) template, [32P]-GTP, and [3H]dGTP loses 80% of the 32P label and 70% of the 3H label after treatment with 0.3 M KOH and DNase I, respectively [17].
• Roles of Cys148 and Asp179 in catalysis by deoxycytidylate hydroxymethylase from bacteriophage T4 examined by site-directed mutagenesis [30].
• Crystallization and preliminary X-ray crystallographic analysis of deoxycytidylate hydroxymethylase from bacteriophage T4 [31].
• Gel-shift analysis showed that the primase could bind to the DNA template, and this complex formation was also competed by poly(dC), but not by poly(dA) [32].

References