Disease relevance of Petrous Bone

• Independent predictors of carotid arterial injury were Glasgow coma score < or =6, petrous bone fracture, diffuse axonal brain injury, and LeFort II or III fracture [1].
• The giant cholesterol cyst is a clinical entity distinct from cholesterol granulomas and other destructive lesions of the petrous bone [2].
• Trauma to the petrous bone may cause facial palsy and deafness, and CSF leakage with otorrhoea or paradoxal rhinoliquorrhoea [3].
• It is extremely useful in the differentiation of pathologic processes arising from or involving the petrous pyramids, such as congenital cholesteatomas, cholesterol granulomas, and glomus tumors [4].
• The value of computed tomography (CT) of the petrous bone in the investigation of congenital sensorineural hearing impairment has been questioned [5].

High impact information on Petrous Bone

• Further evaluation revealed a large nasopharyngeal carcinoma invading the left petrous bone [6].
• Posttreatment isolates from the petrous pyramids also were resistant to AM and CM and produced chloramphenicol acetyltransferase and beta-lactamase activity, but had no plasmid DNA [7].
• Bivariate comparisons with age revealed a number of temporal trends during the period investigated, most notable of which were coronal rotation of the petrous bones and basicranial retroflexion (flattening) [8].
• In correlation with the clinical course, the intraoperative findings, intraoperative visualization with sodium fluorescein, high-resolution computed tomography of the paranasal sinuses or the petrous bone, computed tomographic cisternography, magnetic resonance imaging, and radionuclide cisternography, there was no false-positive result [9].
• METHODS: With this technique, a titanium micromesh, tailored according to the defect of the drilled petrous bone and contoured to the outer appearance of the posterolateral cranial base, is used to cover the petrosectomy area [10].

Anatomical context of Petrous Bone

• Dural attachment predominantly involved the clivus and apical petrous bone on one side only; in 14 cases, however, the tumor grew over the clivus midline or crossed the tentorial notch [11].
• CT revealed a lytic, expansile defect of the right petrous bone, while intrathecal contrast images demonstrated flow of CSF that implied coincidental perforation of the tympanic membrane [12].
• Eradication of all accessible air cell tracts and mucosa in the petrous pyramid, obliteration of the eustachian tubal orifice, closure of the external auditory canal, and fat obliteration of the middle ear and mastoid clefts are essential in the procedure [13].

Associations of Petrous Bone with chemical compounds

• MR and CT correlation of cholesterol cysts of the petrous bone [14].
• T1-weighted MRI before and after gadolinium confirmed the presence of a mixed tumour of the petrous bone with marked uptake of contrast medium [15].
• The vessels were visualized by a composite method including the selective injection of the internal auditory artery with coloured silicone or India ink; the counterstaining of the labyrinth with osmic acid; the cutting of the petrous bone in 1-mm thick, serial sections that were cleared with methylsalicylate [16].
• The external bony auditory canal is morphologically defined as concerns the shape and calibre in successive plane parallel histologic sections of the petrous bone [17].
• Tests performed on isolated petrous bone resulted in the development of a new surgical instrument suitable for stapedotomy using the CO2 laser [18].

Gene context of Petrous Bone

• Although typically midline in site, intracranial tumors may arise off the midline, and a significant proportion of these arise unilaterally in the petrous bone [19].
• The subjects were patients with profound bilateral sensorineural hearing loss who had all had high-resolution computed tomography (CT) with contiguous 1-mm-thick images obtained through the petrous bone in axial sections [20].
• Chordoma of the petrous bone [21].
• The importance of microfissures in the petrous bone in the causation of otosclerosis and perilymphatic leakage has long been discussed, and the present techniques may advance our understanding of these pathological conditions[22]
• Navigation data on current position, direction and distance to a target structure were helpful in the transethmoidal-transsphenoidal approach to the clivus, as well as for accessing deep seated structures (C1-C2 junction, petrous bone tip) [23].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Petrous Bone

• In reviewing these two cases and the literature, it is evident that chordoma must be considered in the differential diagnosis of erosive lesions of the petrous bone [21].

References