Disease relevance of Cholesteatoma

• The lesion was resected and microscopic examination revealed a cholesterol granuloma with a small component of cholesteatoma [1].
• Because the novel cysteine proteinase cathepsin K has been shown to play a central role in bone resorption, we examined the expression of this enzyme in tissue specimens of cholesteatoma [2].
• Ceftazidime for therapy of children with chronic suppurative otitis media without cholesteatoma [3].
• Cholesterol in cholesteatoma and in the otitis media syndrome [4].
• Disease that lies in the posterior mesotympanum, including inflammatory polyps, cholesterol granuloma, and cholesteatoma, is often difficult to extirpate [5].

High impact information on Cholesteatoma

• Thus, production of PTHrP by cholesteatoma may be a contributory factor in the bone destruction commonly associated with this disorder [6].
• Production of parathyroid-hormone-related protein by cholesteatoma cells in culture [6].
• Concentrations of PTHrP in conditioned media from secondary cultures were higher for the cholesteatoma cells than for normal keratinocytes from controls matched for age and sex [6].
• KGF protein and mRNA were detected exclusively in stromal fibroblasts and infiltrating T lymphocytes in 80% of cholesteatoma cases, whereas KGFR protein and mRNA were localized in the epithelium in 72% of cases [7].
• Assessment of the proliferative activity of cholesteatoma using the labeling index for Ki-67 showed a significantly higher Ki-67 labeling index (66%) in KGF+/KGFR+ cases than other cases [7].

Chemical compound and disease context of Cholesteatoma

• Expression of matrix-degrading cysteine proteinase cathepsin K in cholesteatoma [2].
• Cholesteatoma occurred in eight (50%) of the 16 ears studied, and histologic findings were essentially identical to those previously seen in animals given propylene glycol alone [8].
• The pattern of distribution of involucrin in cholesteatoma shows its epidermal characteristics [9].
• This paper addresses the use of topical 5-fluorouracil in the management of cholesteatoma and unwanted mucus-secreting cells [10].
• Prevention of recurrent cholesteatoma: use of hydroxyapatite plates and composite grafts [11].

Biological context of Cholesteatoma

• In contrast, the cholesteatomas exhibiting the lowest level of both proliferation and apoptosis showed the highest level of calcyclin [12].
• STUDY DESIGN: The time of onset was estimated for congenital cholesteatoma and for acquired cholesteatoma by comparing the telomere length and the telomerase activity in the tissues of both diseases with the values of those parameters in normal external ear canal skin [13].
• Kinetic analysis of cell proliferation using bromodeoxyuridine labeling and in situ detection of dying cells in the tympanic membrane and middle ear cholesteatoma [14].
• Keratin particle-induced osteolysis: a mouse model of inflammatory bone remodeling related to cholesteatoma [15].
• CONCLUSIONS: These data indicate a defect in cholesteatomas in the mechanisms that p53 engages (i.e., cell cycle control or apoptosis or both) [16].

Anatomical context of Cholesteatoma

• Our results indicate the possible involvement of both KGF and KGFR in enhanced epithelial cell proliferative activity and recurrence of cholesteatoma [7].
• The results indicate that there is a marked decrease in inflammation and hence experimental cholesteatoma production when prednisolone is administered into the middle ear [17].
• A higher percentage of cells hybridized for the antisense probes IL-1-alpha mRNA was found in cholesteatoma epithelium [18].
• As for comparing its distribution, a larger amount of involucrin was present in cholesteatoma (60%) than in external ear canal skin (29%) in our study and in normal skin (25%) in another study [9].
• Magnetic resonance will distinguish cholesteatoma from granulation tissue, fluid and the cholesterol granuloma in the middle ear but this differentiation is of no practical value [19].

Gene context of Cholesteatoma

• The distribution of two molecular species of IL-1, IL-1 alpha and IL-1 beta, was investigated immunohistochemically in the hyperproliferative epithelium of cholesteatoma, in normal epidermis of the auditory canal and of the retroauricular region, and in nonkeratinizing tonsillar epithelium [20].
• Our findings indicate that an autocrine growth stimulation by TGF-alpha and EGFR may contribute to the unrestrained growth of cholesteatoma epithelium in the middle ear cavity [21].
• Thus a comparative study was conducted of the levels of expression of cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (cdk2) and cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (cdk4)-substances known to be involved in the cell cycle-in cholesteatoma epithelium and the normal epithelium of the bony region of the external ear canal [22].
• Probing the early stages of keratinization - the 58 kD basic CK n degrees 5 and the 50 kD acidic CK n degrees 14 - we regularly observed an extended staining area in the cholesteatoma matrix [23].
• OBJECTIVES: To investigate whether--in cholesteatoma epithelium--terminal differentiation, resulting in high involucrin expression, is associated with mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling [24].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Cholesteatoma

• Our results demonstrate that a regiment combining daily aural toilet and twice daily parenteral ceftazidime is highly efficacious in resolving ear discharge in children with chronic suppurative otitis media without cholesteatoma and that such a regimen does not require hospitalization [25].
• CONCLUSION: Under the conditions of this study, cyclophosphamide had no effect on cholesteatoma development in the animal model [8].
• Immunocytochemistry generally revealed an epidermal-type cytokeratin profile in the cholesteatoma matrix, except for the focal expression of nonepidermal cytokeratins at the invasion front [26].
• These patients were compared with two control groups: one with chronic otitis media without cholesteatoma and one with otosclerosis [27].
• All sera were analyzed for the existence of autoantibodies (IgG and IgM) against SC by both direct and indirect immunofluorescence, using skin and cholesteatoma frozen tissue sections as antigen substrate [28].

References