Disease relevance of Glomus Tumor

• In the remaining 12 patients, a diagnosis became apparent after a mean period of 17.2 months; diagnoses included spondylarthritis (6 patients), rheumatoid arthritis (3 patients), osteoarthritis (1 patient), erosive arthropathy (1 patient), and glomus tumor (1 patient) [1].
• In comparison, CD31 was expressed in all benign and malignant vascular lesions, except for glomus tumors (0/3) and 5/10 lymphangiomas, in which staining was absent [2].
• Hereditary paragangliomas (PGL, glomus tumors, MIM no.168000) are mostly benign, slow-growing tumors of the head and neck region [3].
• MR can be used to further characterize tympanic cavity masses as effusion, glomus tumor, hemorrhage or cholesterol granuloma [4].
• Although the histogenesis of (arterio) venous hemangioma is controversial, the presence of glomoid cells and the mucin deposition, which is occasionally detected in glomus tumors, suggest the relation of this tumor to the Suquet-Hoyer canal [5].

High impact information on Glomus Tumor

• Mutations in a novel factor, glomulin, are responsible for glomuvenous malformations ("glomangiomas") [6].
• We hypothesize that cutaneous venous anomalies (i.e., glomangiomas) are caused by mutations in a novel gene that may act to regulate angiogenesis, in concert with the TIE-2 signaling pathway [7].
• Here we show that VMs with glomus cells (known as "glomangiomas"), inherited as an autosomal dominant trait in five families, are not linked to 9p21 but, instead, link to a new locus, on 1p21-p22, called "VMGLOM" (LOD score 12.70 at recombination fraction.00) [7].
• Muscle actins were found in 14 of 16 tumors, and desmin was found in three of 16 of the glomus tumors [8].
• Thick (myosin) filaments in a glomus tumor [9].

Chemical compound and disease context of Glomus Tumor

• Marked elevations in norepinephrine and epinephrine release were localized to the glomus tumor [10].
• Glomus tumor treated by prostaglandin inhibition. Report of a case [11].
• We examined 20 jugulotympanic glomus tumors by computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging with gadolinium enhancement and believe that these two imaging modalities, combined with clinical assessment, can provide all the necessary information regarding diagnosis, situation, and extent in the majority of jugulotympanic glomus tumors [12].
• Glomangioma of the ankle simulating injury to the flexor hallucis longus: a case report [13].
• It is possible that some of the neuroendocrine activity associated with glomus tumors could be the result of the release of serotonin [14].

Biological context of Glomus Tumor

• Six cases of glomus tumor in superficial soft tissues were investigated immunohistochemically for the presence of different types of intermediate filaments, myosin, laminin, a basal lamina glycoprotein, and the endothelial cell markers, factor VIII-related antigen (FVIIIR:Ag) and Ulex europaeus I lectin (UEA I) binding sites [15].

Anatomical context of Glomus Tumor

• An otherwise classic digital glomus tumor is presented with the unusual ultrastructural finding of cytoplasmic thick (myosin) filaments together with thin (actin) filaments in many of the cells [9].
• It is suggested that the ATPase activity of the tumor cells shows additional evidence of smooth muscle character of glomus tumor [16].
• CD34 staining occurred in stromal cells forming the pseudocapsule in the benign component of this tumor and in other benign glomus tumors [17].
• We immunostained 60 angioproliferative lesions (angiosarcoma, sclerosing hemangioma of skin, pyogenic granuloma, capillary hemangioma, lymphangioma, glomangioma and granulation tissue) and 23 cases of Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) for the major macromolecular components laminin, collagen type IV, fibronectin and heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG) [18].

Gene context of Glomus Tumor

• p53 and p16INK4A mutations during the progression of glomus tumor [19].
• Local and systemic expression of basic fibroblast growth factor in a patient with familial glomangioma [20].
• CD34-positive glomus tumor: clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical analysis of six cases with myxoid stromal changes [21].
• In all unequivocal glomus tumors and glomus bodies, only VIM was positive [22].
• Pseudoangiomatous melanocytic nevi stimulating glomus tumors were consistently immunoreactive for S-100 protein, which was not expressed by glomus tumors [23].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Glomus Tumor

• CONCLUSIONS: Neoplastic cells in glomus tumor may show a coexpression of alpha-smooth muscle actin and CD34, an important finding regarding the differential diagnosis of these lesions and the relationship of perivascular neoplasms [21].
• We present the successful sclerotherapy treatment of multiple glomangiomas using sodium tetradecyl sulphate in a 59-year-old man who presented with postoperative recurrence of multiple lesions [24].

References