Disease relevance of Arachnoiditis

• Animals receiving iophendylate for the first myelogram differed significantly from the other two groups on inflammation, fibrosis, and myelographic evidence of arachnoiditis [1].
• The pathogenesis of the cauda equina syndrome in ankylosing spondylitis remains unknown but may be due to demyelination, post-irradiation ischemia, or compression from spinal arachnoiditis [2].
• Neuropathologic studies have demonstrated that chronic posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus most commonly is a result of an obliterative arachnoiditis in the posterior fossa or is due to obstruction of flow of CSF within the ventricular system [3].
• CT and CSF examination usually support the cause-and-effect relationship between neurocysticercosis and the cerebral infarct by showing abnormalities compatible with cysticercotic arachnoiditis [4].
• The authors report the case of a 53-year-old woman in whom a T1-T2 spinal arachnoid cyst with associated arachnoiditis developed, compressing the thoracic spinal cord 1 year after the patient had suffered a Hunt and Hess Grade IV subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) [5].

High impact information on Arachnoiditis

• Most patients received intrathecal hydrocortisone (HC) each treatment to minimize arachnoiditis [6].
• CT and CSF analysis showed that 91% of patients with parenchymal cysts improved, and 47% of patients with chronic arachnoiditis had remission [7].
• Intrathecally administered methotrexate and systemic corticosteroid treatment are known to be associated with the development of arachnoiditis and with general repression of collagen synthesis, respectively [8].
• Intrathecal steroid injection is not advisable since polyethylene glycol, the vehicle used in depot steroid preparations, may cause arachnoiditis [9].
• Arachnoiditis resulting from administration of intrathecal iophendylate (Pantopaque) was compared with that from metrizamide (Amipaque) in 16 monkeys [1].

Chemical compound and disease context of Arachnoiditis

• Adhesive arachnoiditis following lumbar radiculography with water-soluble contrast agents. A clinical report with special reference to metrizamide [10].
• Iocarmate produced moderate to severe arachnoiditis [11].
• Fifteen patients who underwent previous radiculography with Dimer-X plus Depo-Medrol exhibited adhesive arachnoiditis [12].
• There was no significant prophylactic effect of intrathecal MP on arachnoiditis from locarmate [13].
• Adhesive arachnoiditis after lumbar radiculography with Dimer-X and Depo-Medrol [12].

Anatomical context of Arachnoiditis

• Intrathecal injections of metrizamide (170 mg l/ml) or autologous cerebrospinal fluid produced less arachnoiditis [14].
• Eight weeks after injection, the brains and spinal cords were removed for brain beta-endorphin and spinal cord met-enkephalin measurement by radioimmunoassay, and the dural sacs were removed for histologic examination to confirm the presence or absence of arachnoiditis [15].
• The spinal pressure is usually markedly different from that in the head, confirming that the arachnoiditis produced around the cistern isolates the spinal subarachnoid space from the CSF in the head [16].

Gene context of Arachnoiditis

• The CSF and sera of 17 patients with meningoencephalitis or encephalitis, 10 with meningitis or meningomyelitis, 5 subjects with postencephalitic sequelae and 2 with arachnoiditis were studied [17].
• The diagnosis of adhesive arachnoiditis was made in front of clinical arguments associated to typical signs on Myelo CT Scan and MRI [18].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Arachnoiditis

• Intrathecal injections of methyglucamine iocarmate or metrizamide caused arachnoiditis while saline did not [19].
• Two unusual cases of constrictive arachnoiditis localized to thoracic levels after Pantopaque myelography and unrelated to any operation, trauma, or disc disease at these levels are presented [20].
• Minimal arachnoiditis was found myelographically and histologically after myelography with metrizamide 300 mg l/ml, and severe arachnoiditis was found after myelography with iophendylate whether or not laminectomy was performed [21].
• The aim of this retrospective study was to attempt to ascertain whether Myodil introduced via ventricular catheter was associated with subsequent development of symptomatic lumbar arachnoiditis [22].
• An implantable, externally programmable infusion pump was used for intraspinal delivery of morphine sulfate to 15 patients with intractable pain from reflex sympathetic dystrophy, arachnoiditis after spinal surgery, or an unknown cause [23].

References