Disease relevance of Cauda Equina

• We report a patient with biopsy proven chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy whose magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated abnormal enhancement of the cauda equina after administration of gadolinium [1].
• In the present study, we screened 22 apparently sporadic paragangliomas of the cauda equina for SDHD mutations [2].
• We report three patients (two children and one adult) with Guillain-Barré syndrome and magnetic resonance imaging evidence of gadolinium enhancement of the cauda equina and lumbar nerve roots [3].
• Application of gadolinium-DTPA magnetic resonance imaging for detection of a filum terminale myxopapillary ependymoma allowing successful surgical resection [4].
• Painless cauda equina schwannoma simulating Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease [5].

Psychiatry related information on Cauda Equina

• This article investigated the time response of COX II induction by traction of the cauda equina assessed by a quantified RT-PCR method [6].

High impact information on Cauda Equina

• Regression of cauda equina syndrome in AIDS patient being treated with ganciclovir [7].
• Prominent changes of NADPH diaphorase exhibiting, Fos-like immunoreactive and heat shock protein HSP72 were detected in the lumbosacral segments in a short-and long-lasting compression of the cauda equina in the dog [8].
• Typical cauda equina syndrome secondary to long-standing ankylosing spondylitis is reported in a 63-year-old man [9].
• We have isolated two acidic glycolipids which bind to the M-protein from human cauda equina by DEAE-Sephadex, Iatrobeads, and high performance liquid column chromatographies [10].
• The cauda equina propagating root wave (R wave) and conus medullaris postsynaptic responses (S and P waves) were analyzed before and during baclofen infusion [11].

Chemical compound and disease context of Cauda Equina

• Tethered cord syndrome caused by a tight filum terminale was identified by metrizamide myelography [12].
• In twenty adult miniature pigs, the nerve-roots of the cauda equina were compressed at pressures of zero (sham), fifty, 100, or 200 millimeters of mercury, and hypotension was induced with sodium nitroprusside [13].
• MR examination of the spine after injection of gadopentetate dimeglumine showed enhancement of the cauda equina in a case of Guillain-Barré syndrome [14].
• A patient is reported with a painless, progressive cauda equina lesion due to arachnoiditis, the result of the contrast medium 'Thorotrast' (thorium dioxide) introduced into the brain over 30 years previously [15].
• Bacterial meningitis and cauda equina syndrome after epidural steroid injections [16].

Biological context of Cauda Equina

• Following division of the filum terminale daytime incontinence resolved in 72%, urodynamic detrusor hyperreflexia disappeared in 59% and bladder compliance improved in 66% of the patients [17].
• Histology was performed on sciatic nerve and cauda equina and assessed for infiltration and demyelination [18].
• Evoked potentials from unilateral stimulation of the posterior tibial nerve at the knee were recorded over the spinous processes S1, L4, L2, T12 and from the 'lower extremity' portion of the sensory cortex (Cz) in 29 patients who exhibited clinical and electromyographic signs of conus medullaris or cauda equina lesions [19].

Anatomical context of Cauda Equina

• ODC was induced in the cervical region of the spinal cord as well as in the horse tail plus filum terminale, whereas GPDH responded in the former but not the latter region [20].
• RESULTS: All patients had thickening of the intrathecal spinal nerve roots and cauda equina, with varying degrees of enhancement on gadolinium-enhanced axial T1-weighted images [21].
• We found that CCR5(-/-) mice showed a similar EAN clinical course and severity as well as profile of infiltrating macrophages and T cells in cauda equina (CE) of EAN and the same levels of spleen mononuclear cell (MNC) response to antigen and mitogen when compared with CCR5(+/+) control mice [22].
• In order to further analyze the role of these T cells and their corresponding cytokines in EAN, we studied the expression of mRNA for IFN-gamma, IL-4, and IL-10 in the cauda equina of rats with EAN using a quantitative competitive reverse transcriptase PCR method [23].
• Because the detrusor reflex is preserved and the urethra is less supersensitive to bethanechol after partial cauda equina lesions, these may represent a better indication for bethanechol therapy than do complete ones [24].

Associations of Cauda Equina with chemical compounds

• MRI showed gadolinium enhancement of the cauda equina in two of three patients [25].
• Demonstration of nerve rootlets in the cauda equina and filling of lumbar root sleeves were superior with Amipaque [26].
• A similar attenuation of the reflex vasoconstrictor responses occurred in decentralized muscles stimulated through their motor roots in the cauda equina [27].
• Cauda equina syndrome following a single spinal administration of 5% hyperbaric lidocaine through a 25-gauge Whitacre needle [28].
• Bupivacaine spinal block cauda equina syndrome: why did it happen [29]?

Gene context of Cauda Equina

• METHODS: Serum samples were examined for antibodies to peripheral nerve myelin protein 22 (PMP22), ganglioside GM1 and cauda equina homogenate, and interleukin-6 (IL-6) and soluble tumour necrosis factor receptor 1 (sTNF R1) concentrations [30].
• As control cases, we also investigated expression of EMA and carbonic anhydrase II in an ocular globe with retinal gliosis and three cases of myxopapillary ependymoma of the cauda equina [31].
• Experimental cauda equina compression induces HSP70 synthesis in dog [32].
• Effects on improvement of blood flow in the chronically compressed cauda equina: comparison between a selective prostaglandin E receptor (EP4) agonist and a prostaglandin E1 derivate [33].
• An abnormality of the CMCT calculated with both techniques is indicative of central motor pathway damage, whereas an abnormality of the CMCT calculated from the latency of responses evoked by paravertebral magnetic stimulation associated with a normal CMCT calculated from the F-wave latency suggests a cauda equina lesion [34].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Cauda Equina

• Computerized tomography. An adjunct to early diagnosis in the cauda equina syndrome of ankylosing spondylitis [35].
• To determine whether these proteins are found within the same 10-nm filament, light and electron microscope immunocytochemistry using peripherin and NF-specific antibodies was performed on PC12 cells, nervous tissue, and isolated neural filaments from the cauda equina [36].
• After three months of constriction, the cauda equina of three dogs in each group was examined histologically, and the vascular circulation was examined by latex and India-ink injection with a modification of the Spalteholz technique [37].
• Following laminectomy of L-3 and L-4 and intradural exposure, the tumor was found to be draped loosely by the roots of the cauda equina and attached to a single root without any adherence to dura [38].
• RESULTS: On qualitative evaluation, CSF nulling, contrast at the disc-CSF interface, the disc-spinal cord (cauda equina) interface, and the spinal cord (cauda equina)-CSF interface of fast T1-weighted FLAIR images were significantly higher than those for T1-weighted TSE images (P<0.001) [39].

References