Disease relevance of Metencephalon

• The matrix cells in the di-, mes- and metencephalon appeared less or not at all affected by maternal hypoxia [1].

High impact information on Metencephalon

• Mis-expression of Otx2 in the metencephalon changed the fate of its alar plate to the tectum [2].
• Our results indicate that the presumptive metencephalon receives a strong Fgf8 signal that activates the Ras-ERK pathway and differentiates into the cerebellum [3].
• Wnt-1 regulates Fgf8 expression in the adjacent metencephalon, most likely via a secondary mesencephalic signal [4].
• E9.5 brain fragments containing metencephalon and mesencephalon were isolated, explanted on Nucleopore filters and cultured in the absence or presence of antibodies to E-cadherin [5].
• Whole-mount in situ hybridization of mouse embryos from 9.5 to 11.5 dpc revealed strong expression of Otx3 mRNA in the diencephalon, mesencephalon, metencephalon, myelencephalon, and developing eye, indicating an expression pattern largely overlapping but distinct from those of Otx1 and Otx2 [6].

Biological context of Metencephalon

• Significant numbers of binding sites for the radioiodinated, 27-amino-acid form of PACAP were detected as early as E14 in the neuroepithelia of the metencephalon and the myelencephalon [7].

Anatomical context of Metencephalon

• In situ hybridization showed that, by embryonic day 12.5 (e12.5) in the rat, proSAAS mRNA was present in essentially all differentiating neurons in the mantle layer of the myelencephalon, metencephalon, diencephalon, spinal cord and several sympathetic ganglia [8].
• In the CNS, Lbx1 transcripts are expressed in the dorsal part of the mantle layer of the spinal cord and hindbrain, up to a sharp boundary within the developing metencephalon [9].
• The 5-HT neurons of the raphe nuclei (metencephalon) showed no statistically significant response to steroids [10].
• Differentiating young neurons and neuronal fibers in the myelencephalon, metencephalon, mesencephalon and spinal cord in 10.5- and 12.5-day embryos showed intense expression of CRABP, but undifferentiated cells in the neural tube did not [11].

Associations of Metencephalon with chemical compounds

• Primary dissociated cell culture of embryonic rat metencephalon: presence of GABA in serotonergic neurons [12].
• Developmental changes in norepinephrine (NE), dopamine (DA) and epinephrine (E) contents of the rat metencephalon, mesencephalon and diencephalon, have been measured by high performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection, from fetal stages (E15 or E17 to E21) to postnatal days (P0 to P30) and compared to the adult levels [13].

Gene context of Metencephalon

• In the metencephalon, tal-2 expression was observed in the anterior pons, whereas tal-1 transcripts were detected in the entire pons, and showed stronger expression than tal-2 [14].
• Agenesis of the mesencephalon and metencephalon with cerebellar hypoplasia: putative mutation in the EN2 gene--report of 2 cases in early infancy [15].
• After the primary anterior-posterior patterning of the neural plate, a subset of wnt signaling molecules including Xwnt-1, Xwnt-2b, Xwnt-3A, Xwnt-8b are still expressed in the developing brain in a region spanning from the posterior part of the diencephalon to the mesencephalon/metencephalon boundary [16].
• Fate mapping studies in chick have shown that at early stages the cerebellum derives from cells in the mesencephalon and metencephalon (mes-met) [17].
• Proenkephalin-containing perikarya were located in all major subdivisions of the brain except the metencephalon [18].

References