Disease relevance of Paraparesis, Tropical Spastic

• Significant expression of PTHrP gene was also detected in HTLV-1 carriers without any symptoms and in patients with HTLV-1-associated myelopathy or tropical spastic paraparesis [1].
• In patients with HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP), the frequency of HTLV-1 p40X-specific pCTL was at least 40-280-fold higher than in asymptomatic HTLV-1-infected individuals [2].
• Identification of the localization of human T lymphotrophic virus type I (HTLV-I) proviral DNA in the central nervous system (CNS) is crucial to the understanding of the pathogenesis of HTLV-I-associated myelopathy (HAM)/tropical spastic paraparesis (TSP) pathogenesis [3].
• PURPOSE: To review the clinical, epidemiologic, immunologic, and virologic aspects of the chronic myelopathy associated with human T-cell leukemia/lymphoma virus type I (HTLV-I), currently called tropical spastic paraparesis/HTLV-I-associated myelopathy (TSP/HAM) [4].
• SCID mice were injected intraperitoneally with PBL from patients diagnosed with ATL, HTLV-I-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP), or from asymptomatic HTLV-I-seropositive patients [5].

Psychiatry related information on Paraparesis, Tropical Spastic

• Extracellular matrix protein expression in cerebrospinal fluid from patients with tropical spastic paraparesis associated with HTLV-I and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease [6].

High impact information on Paraparesis, Tropical Spastic

• Human T lymphocyte virus type I (HTLV-I)-associated chronic inflammatory neurological disease (HTLV-I-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis [HAM/TSP]) is suggested to be an immunopathologically mediated disorder characterized by large numbers of HTLV-I Tax-specific CD8+ T cells [7].
• Multiple sclerosis (not tropical spastic paraparesis) on Key West, Florida [8].
• Here, we investigated the role of IL-15 in the neurological disease termed human T cell lymphotropic virus I-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) [9].
• These data represent evidence for trans-activation of the IL-15 gene by the HTLV-I Tax protein through an NF-kappaB motif and suggest a potential role for IL-15 in HTLV-I-associated diseases such as adult T cell leukemia and HTLV-I-associated myopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis [10].
• Low frequency of CD94/NKG2A+ T lymphocytes in patients with HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis, but not in asymptomatic carriers [11].

Chemical compound and disease context of Paraparesis, Tropical Spastic

• High-dose zidovudine induction in HTLV-I-associated myelopathy: safety and possible efficacy [12].
• Pentoxifylline down-regulates adhesion molecule expression and inflammatory cytokine production in cultured peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with HTLV-I-associated myelopathy [13].
• Methylprednisolone therapy in tropical spastic paraparesis [14].
• The efficacy of intermittent high-dose vitamin C therapy was evaluated in seven patients with HTLV-I-associated myelopathy (HAM) [15].
• Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha-positive cells constituted 1.6-18% and 8.2-23.5% of the total number of cerebrospinal fluid cells from six of 12 patients with HTLV-I-associated myelopathy and in all samples obtained from inflammatory cases, respectively [16].

Biological context of Paraparesis, Tropical Spastic

• The tax gene was sequenced in 61 patients with HTLV-I-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP), 55 patients with adult T cell leukemia, and 62 healthy carriers (HCs) [17].
• The presence of anti-Tax antibody responses in human T cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I)-infected individuals has been correlated with increased proviral load, increased risk of transmitting infection, and increased risk of developing tropical spastic paraparesis/HTLV-I-associated myelopathy (TSP/HAM) [18].
• Transfusion transmission of human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) from an asymptomatic blood donor: conservation of LTR U3, env, and tax nucleotide sequences in a recipient with HTLV-I-associated myelopathy [19].
• Cell surface phenotype of in vitro proliferating lymphocytes in HTLV-I-associated myelopathy (HAM/TSP) [20].
• Hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase reporter gene mutation for analysis of in vivo clonal amplification in patients with HTLV type 1-associated Myelopathy/Tropical spastic paraparesis [21].

Anatomical context of Paraparesis, Tropical Spastic

• Human T lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I)-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) is an inflammatory neurologic disease caused by HTLV-I infection and has been associated with elevated levels of several proinflammatory cytokines in both serum and cerebrospinal fluid [22].
• Detailed pathologic examination of the spinal cord was consistent with the diagnosis of HTLV-I-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) [23].
• In the spinal cord of patients with human T cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1)-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP), infiltrating CD4(+) lymphocytes seem to be the major reservoir for the virus [24].
• Adult T-cell-leukemia (ATL) cells were examined for susceptibility to human T-cell-leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) tax-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) derived from a patient with HTLV-I-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) [25].
• We, for the first time, analyzed T cell and natural killer (NK) cell subsets in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in nine patients with human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1)-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) treated with interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) [26].

Gene context of Paraparesis, Tropical Spastic

• We show that ATL and HTLV-I-associated myelopathy patients exhibit high plasma levels of functional vascular endothelial growth factor and basic fibroblast growth factor [27].
• Human T-cell leukaemia virus type 1 (HTLV-I), the aetiological agent of adult T-cell leukaemia (ATL) and tropical spastic paraparesis (TSP/HAM), transforms human T-cells in vivo and in vitro [28].
• How does interleukin 15 contribute to the pathogenesis of HTLV type 1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis [29]?
• Expression of adhesion molecules and monocyte chemoattractant protein -1 (MCP-1) in the spinal cord lesions in HTLV-I-associated myelopathy [30].
• Whereas MMP-9 was found in the CSF of every tropical spastic paraparesis patient studied, its presence in samples from individuals with vascular lesions was uncommon [31].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Paraparesis, Tropical Spastic

• This is the first report of the direct detection of HTLV-I RNA in uncultured peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNC's) of patients with tropical spastic paraparesis and HTLV-I-associated myelopathy (TSP/HAM) and their spouses, using the technique of in situ hybridization [32].
• We adapted an ELISA system and used it for detection of altered sIL-6R in sera from 23 healthy persons, 12 patients with adult T-cell leukaemia (ATL) and 13 patients with HTLV-I-associated myelopathy (HAM) [33].
• BACKGROUND: Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I)-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) in British Columbian Coastal Natives has, to date, been a clinical and laboratory diagnosis [34].
• Possible changes in the levels of these proteins were investigated in two different pathologies--tropical spastic paraparesis/HTLV-I-associated myelopathy (TSP/HAM) (n=25) and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) (n=19)--and compared with those in a control group with or without neurological disease (n=25) [6].
• To evaluate the human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) proviral DNA load among asymptomatic HTLV-I-infected carriers and patients with HTLV-I-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP), real time PCR using TaqMan probes for the pol gene was performed in two million peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) [35].

References