Disease relevance of Sialyllactose

• Effects of strong electrolyte upon the activity of Clostridium perfringens sialidase toward sialyllactose and sialoglycolipids [1].
• We report the effect of sialylation on cell surface on entry and the complex structure of DA virus, a persistent TMEV, and the receptor moiety mimic, sialyllactose, refined to a resolution of 3.0 A [2].
• The viruses were assayed for their ability to bind the synthetic sialylglycopolymers 3'SL-PAA and 6'SLN-PAA, which contained, respectively, 3'-sialyllactose (the receptor determinant preferentially recognized by avian influenza viruses) and 6'-sialyl(N-acetyllactosamine) (the receptor determinant for human viruses) [3].
• Gliding motility of Mycoplasma mobile can occur by repeated binding to N-acetylneuraminyllactose (sialyllactose) fixed on solid surfaces [4].
• Molecular modeling studies based on the crystal structure of the influenza A virus hemagglutinin complexed with sialyllactose suggest a steric hindrance of hemagglutinin binding to aliphatically elongated N-acyl groups [5].

High impact information on Sialyllactose

• Crystal structure of the N-terminal domain of sialoadhesin in complex with 3' sialyllactose at 1.85 A resolution [6].
• This study aimed to determine the safety and efficacy of 3'-sialyllactose sodium salt (3'SL), an oligosaccharide that occurs naturally in human and bovine milk and that can inhibit the adhesion of H. pylori to human epithelial cells in vitro [7].
• The structures of BoNT/B and its complex with sialyllactose provide a detailed description of the active site and a model for interactions between the toxin and its cell surface receptor [8].
• GAS epitope on these nucleated cells, (1) like that present on RBC, is abolished by sialidase, unaffected by proteases, and inhibited by sialyllactose; and (2) is overlapping and/or proximal to that recognized by anti-sLe(x) MoAb, CSLEX-1, and KM-93 [9].
• This additional CD24 MoAb reactivity on T lymphocytes was, in common with that observed on granulocytes (CD24 protein+), specifically inhibited by the presence of both sialyllactose and mucin [10].

Chemical compound and disease context of Sialyllactose

• The resulting styrene derivative substituted with sialyllactose via an amide linkage was polymerized with ammonium peroxodisulfate and N,N,N',N-tetramethylethylenediamine in water at 30 degrees C. The interaction of the glycopolymer with influenza A and B viruses was investigated by three different methods [11].
• When lactose was used as acceptor, again lower enzyme activity in the tumor cells in comparison with that in liver was established, but in liver and in hepatoma cells the predominant 14C-labelled product of the sialyltransferase assay was alpha (2-6) sialyllactose isomer [12].
• The subcellular distribution of sialidase in rat hepatoma induced by 3'-methyl-4-dimethylaminoazobenzene was studied by using sialyllactose as a substrate in the pH range of 4.0-7 [13].

Biological context of Sialyllactose

• Sialyllactose-mediated cell interaction during granulosa cell differentiation. Identification of its binding proteins [14].
• Similarly, incubation of T3SA+ with sialyllactose, a trisaccharide comprised of lactose and sialic acid, blocks apoptosis [15].
• The Y370D mutant was also shown to catalyze the hydrolysis of natural substrate analogues such as 3'-sialyllactose [16].
• Among the monovalent inhibitors tested, 3'-sialyllactose (NeuAc alpha2-3Gal beta1-4Glc; 3'SL) was the most active oligosaccharide, inhibiting adherence for recent clinical isolates of H. pylori with a millimolar 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) [17].
• The main sialylated trisaccharide present in the urine of the patients was identified as 3'-sialyllactose by sugar and methylation analysis [18].

Anatomical context of Sialyllactose

• The cold agglutinin activity of MAT can be inhibited by sialyllactose or treatment of erythrocytes with neuraminidase but not papain [19].
• As a specific ligand for the sialyllactose (SL)-binding proteins on granulosa cells, we used a radioiodinated multivalent SL-linked albumin (Alb-(SL)17) [14].
• Incubating virus with soluble sialyllactose blocked fusion to both ganglioside-free and ganglioside-containing planar membranes [20].
• The large-scale preparation of pure sialyllactose isomers from bovine colostrum is achieved using an improved ion-exchange separation on Dowex 1-X2 (less than 400 mesh) employing isomolar elution at 20 mM for monosialyloligosaccharides and 200 mM for disialyllactose [21].
• Antisera specific for LS-tetrasaccharide c and 3'-sialyllactose (NeuAc alpha 2-3Gal beta 1-4Glc) identify their corresponding 3H-labeled haptens released from the major meconium gangliosides 6'-LM1 and GM3, respectively [22].

Associations of Sialyllactose with other chemical compounds

• The intact SBP could bind various gangliosides, and the binding was sialidase-sensitive and inhibited by sialyllactose, thus indicating that it is the sialic acid-binding protein [23].
• Furthermore, treatment of CD45 proteins with O-glycanase or neuraminidase resulted in the loss of both CD45R0 and CD45RB epitopes, although reactivity of the anti-CD45R0 and anti-CD45RB mAb was not affected by mAb preincubation with either sialic acids or sialyllactose in solution [24].
• HepIII is chain elongated at O-2 by either a beta-D-Glcp residue (major), lactose or sialyllactose (minor, i.e. alpha-Neu5Ac-(2-->3)-beta-D-Galp-(1-->4)-beta-D-Glcp), where a third minor acetylation site was identified at the glucose residue [25].
• In contrast to the intralysosomal sialidase, the sialidase partially purified from rat liver cytosol by (NH4)2SO4 fractionation followed by chromatography on DEAE-cellulose and CM-cellulose hydrolyzed fetuin and orosomucoid to the extent about half that for sialyllactose [26].
• Results indicated that 3'-sialyllactose and lactose were efficient acceptors of sulfation, whereas 6'-sialyllactose and 6'-sialyllactosamine were poor substrates for this sulfotransferase [27].

Gene context of Sialyllactose

• ST8Sia VI also exhibited activity toward oligosaccharides such as sialyllactose and sialyllactosamine, and the structure of the minimal acceptor substrate for ST8Sia VI was determined as the NeuAcalpha2,3(6)Gal sequence [28].
• 5. The enzyme also efficiently hydrolyzed GD3, GD1a, GD1b and GM3 whereas sialyllactose, 4MU-NeuAc, GM1 and GM2 were poor substrates, and it had no activity against sialylated glycoproteins such as fetuin, transferrin and orosomucoid [29].
• However, results for the lpsA mutant indicate that sialyllactose extends from HepI as well, a molecular environment for sialyllactose in H. influenzae that has not been reported previously [30].
• Structural studies of the parainfluenza virus 5 hemagglutinin-neuraminidase tetramer in complex with its receptor, sialyllactose [31].
• The optimum pH was 6.5 for sialyllactose and 6.0 for orosomucoid and mixed brain gangliosides [32].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Sialyllactose

• The three-dimensional structure of the complex between M. amurensis leukoagglutinin and sialyllactose has been determined at 2.75-A resolution using x-ray crystallography [33].
• PMP sialyllactose, when ionized by ESI/MALDI, produced a mixture of [M + H]+, [M + Na]+, [M - H + 2Na]+ ions in the positive mode and [M - H]-, [M + Na - 2H]- ions in the negative mode [34].
• After centrifugation, the activities with sialyllactose and fetuin were largely recovered in the supernatant, demonstrating that they were originally in the intralysosomal space [26].
• The enzyme was maximally active at pH 4.7 with sialyllactose as substrate and had a minimum relative molecular mass of 60 000 +/- 5000 by gel filtration; it hydrolyzed a variety of sialooligosaccharides , those containing (alpha 2----3)sialyl linkages being better substrates than those with (alpha 2----6)sialyl linkages [26].
• In Sda serological tests the product formed with 3'-sialyl-N-acetyllactosamine was highly active whereas that formed with 3'-sialyllactose had only weak activity [35].

References