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MeSH Review

Meconium

 
 
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Disease relevance of Meconium

 

Psychiatry related information on Meconium

  • Recently, a method has been developed for the analysis of fatty acid ethyl esters in meconium as a biomarker of fetal alcohol exposure, potentially facilitating the future diagnosis of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder in situations where gestational alcohol consumption history is unknown [6].
 

High impact information on Meconium

  • PARTICIPANTS: Four hundred fifteen consecutively enrolled infants (218 cocaine-exposed and 197 unexposed) identified from a high-risk, low-socioeconomic status, primarily black (80%) population screened through clinical interview and urine and meconium samples for drug use [7].
  • To compare the efficacy of bulb and catheter suctioning of upper airway meconium in neonates, meconium labeled with technetium Tc 99m sulfur colloid was injected into the trachea and oropharynx of anesthetized kittens [8].
  • Neither antibody bound to glycosphingolipids from human meconium, which have a type 1 (Gal beta 1----3GlcNAc) structure [9].
  • Interleukin 8 was present in all meconium suspensions (480-3980 ng/L) [10].
  • Cyclooxygenase-2 expression in human monocytes stimulated by meconium [11].
 

Chemical compound and disease context of Meconium

 

Biological context of Meconium

 

Anatomical context of Meconium

 

Associations of Meconium with chemical compounds

  • Preliminary characterization of the purified meconium antigen showed it to be a glycoprotein, migrating as an alpha-globulin and having a molecular size similar to that of CEA (Mr 185,000 versus 200,000) [27].
  • The ratio of cholic acid to chenodeoxycholic acid was abnormally low in meconium (mean, 0.44; range, 0.19 to 0.74), and hyocholic acid constituted 19.3% of total bile acids [28].
  • Lithocholic acid concentration in the meconium was not increased by UDCA treatment [13].
  • We investigated the use of the phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor sildenafil, in its intravenous form, as a pulmonary vasodilator in a model of meconium aspiration syndrome [29].
  • Meconium also prevented effective spreading of surfactant in a Wilhelmy balance system, and this inhibitory effect was counteracted by addition of ferric chloride [30].
 

Gene context of Meconium

  • NCA-2 (meconium antigen) is very similar to CEA [31].
  • Mouse ATF-2 null mutants display features of a severe type of meconium aspiration syndrome [32].
  • Meconium aspiration stimulates cyclooxygenase-2 and nitric oxide synthase-2 expression in rat lungs [33].
  • Endothelin-A receptor blockade and inhaled nitric oxide in a porcine model of meconium aspiration syndrome [34].
  • Meconium administration markedly upregulated the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 mRNA, while cyclooxygenase-1 expression remained unchanged [35].
 

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Meconium

  • These two antigens together competitively inhibited cross-reacting antibodies against them in CEA radioimmunoassay and contributed to the measurement of meconium CEA levels which averaged 6 times higher than that determined with anti-CEA specific antibody [27].
  • To characterize this ectopic form of ALP, four monoclonal antibodies were raised against D98/AH-2 ALP, and their binding with ALPs from D98/AH-2 cells, placenta, fetal intestine (meconium), adult intestine, and liver was compared using an electrophoretic titration procedure [36].
  • Two antigens cross-reactive with carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and distinct from the nonspecific cross-reacting antigen were identified in meconium by double immunodiffusion with a conventional goat anti-CEA antiserum [27].
  • Monoclonal antibodies for carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) as a model system: identification of two novel CEA-related antigens in meconium and colorectal carcinoma tissue by Western blots and differential immunoaffinity chromatography [5].
  • The result of the meconium drug screening was positive in 449 (44.3%) infants: 401 (39.6%) screening results were positive for cocaine, 71 (7%) positive for opiate, and 31 (3.1%) positive for cannabinoid [37].

References

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  11. Cyclooxygenase-2 expression in human monocytes stimulated by meconium. Uotila, P.J., Kääpä, P.O. Lancet (1998) [Pubmed]
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  17. Genetic differences between cystic fibrosis with and without meconium ileus. Mornet, E., Simon-Bouy, B., Serre, J.L., Estivill, X., Farrall, M., Williamson, R., Boue, J., Boue, A. Lancet (1988) [Pubmed]
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  21. Bilirubin-IXbeta is a marker of meconium, like zinc coproporphyrin. Aziz, S., Leroy, P., Servaes, R., Eggermont, E., Fevery, J. J. Pediatr. Gastroenterol. Nutr. (2001) [Pubmed]
  22. Prospective prenatal diagnosis of cystic fibrosis. Brock, D.J., Bedgood, D., Barron, L., Hayward, C. Lancet (1985) [Pubmed]
  23. Immunochemical differences among carcinoembryonic antigen in tumor tissues and related antigens in meconium and adult feces. Matsuoka, Y., Kuroki, M., Koga, Y., Kuriyama, H., Mori, T., Kosaki, G. Cancer Res. (1982) [Pubmed]
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  30. Reversal of meconium inhibition of pulmonary surfactant by ferric chloride, copper chloride, and acetic acid. Almaas, R., Robertson, B., Linderholm, B., Lundberg, E., Saugstad, O.D., Moen, A. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. (2000) [Pubmed]
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  32. Mouse ATF-2 null mutants display features of a severe type of meconium aspiration syndrome. Maekawa, T., Bernier, F., Sato, M., Nomura, S., Singh, M., Inoue, Y., Tokunaga, T., Imai, H., Yokoyama, M., Reimold, A., Glimcher, L.H., Ishii, S. J. Biol. Chem. (1999) [Pubmed]
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  34. Endothelin-A receptor blockade and inhaled nitric oxide in a porcine model of meconium aspiration syndrome. Shekerdemian, L.S., Penny, D.J., Ryhammer, P.K., Reader, J.A., Ravn, H.B. Pediatr. Res. (2004) [Pubmed]
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