Disease relevance of SLC27A5

• We have applied a comprehensive panel of markers to patients with chronic renal failure (CRF), with particular focus on the isoforms of bone alkaline phosphatase (BALP) [1].
• Remarkably, anti-IL-17 mAb significantly enhanced IL-5 levels in both BAL fluid and serum, and aggravated allergen-induced bronchial eosinophilia [2].
• Serum and BAL macrophage migration inhibitory factor levels in HIV infected Tanzanians with pulmonary tuberculosis or other lung diseases [3].
• This study compared the BALP isoform in the serum of patients with cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) with that of non-jaundiced benign hepatobiliary disease, other cancers, and healthy persons [4].
• Biliary alkaline phosphatase (BALP), an isoform of liver-ALP, has been found in the serum of patients with biliary obstruction and metastatic liver cancer [4].

High impact information on SLC27A5

• When expressed in COS-1 cells, hVLCS-H2 exhibited cholate:CoA ligase (choloyl-CoA synthetase) activity with both non-isotopic and radioactive assays [5].
• A human homolog of very long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase, hVLCS-H2, has two requisite properties of a bile acid:CoA ligase, liver specificity and an endoplasmic reticulum subcellular localization [5].
• Our results are consistent with a role for hVLCS-H2 in the re-activation and re-conjugation of bile acids entering liver from the enterohepatic circulation rather than in de novo bile acid synthesis [5].
• Stress significantly increased allergen induced airway inflammation as identified by leukocyte numbers in BAL fluids [6].
• BAT correlated significantly with BAL/BAE for PHT (r = 0.44, p = 0.02) and CBZ (r = 0.42, p = 0.03) but not for NC (r = 0.03, p = NS) and LTG (r = 0.06, p = NS) groups [7].

Chemical compound and disease context of SLC27A5

• As bone resorption markers, urinary free and total deoxypyridinoline as well as urinary collagen type I C-terminal telopeptide were measured; as bone formation markers, serum bone type and total alkaline phosphatase (BALP and ALP) levels along with osteocalcin (OC) were used [8].

Biological context of SLC27A5

• Phylogenetic analysis of amino acid sequences confirmed that hVLCS-H1 and hVLCS-H2 were evolutionarily closer to VLCSs than FATPs [9].
• The hVLCS-H2 gene is located on human chromosome 19 and encodes a 690-amino-acid protein [10].
• The hVLCS-H2-dependent activation of long- and branched-chain fatty acids following transient transfection was less striking [10].
• By both Northern analysis and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, hVLCS-H2 is expressed primarily in liver [10].
• Eosinophils were virtually absent in BAL fluid, whereas mononuclear cell counts increased only at 24 h post-SEB [11].

Anatomical context of SLC27A5

• The SEB-induced neutrophil accumulation in BAL fluid was reduced by pretreatment with dexamethasone (0.5 mg/kg), the COX-2 inhibitor celecoxib (3 mg/kg), the selective iNOS inhibitor compound 1400 W (5 mg/kg) and the lipoxygenase inhibitor AA-861 (200 mug/kg) [11].
• Airways exposition to SEB (7.5-250 ng/trachea) caused a dose- and time-dependent neutrophil accumulation in BAL fluid, the maximal effects of which were observed at 4 h post-SEB exposure (250 ng/trachea) [11].
• CONCLUSION: The demonstration of serum BALP, in particular in non-jaundiced patients with high serum ALP, may indicate the presence of tumor in the bile duct [4].
• Infants of smoker women have significantly lower umbilical cord blood BALP levels than those of infants from nonsmoker women [12].
• Moreover, chronic hypoxia due to smoking may cause the suppression of bone matrix synthesis or placental synthesis as reflected by low OC and BALP levels in umbilical cord blood of infants from smoker women [12].

Associations of SLC27A5 with chemical compounds

• COS-1 cells transiently overexpressing hVLCS-H2 activated the very-long-chain fatty acid lignocerate (C24:0) at a rate >1.5-fold higher than that of nontransfected cells (P < 0.002) [10].
• Results: S-scores, DHEAS, and bioactive testosterone (BAT) were significantly (p < 0.05) lower and BAL and BAL/BAE were significantly higher among CBZ and PHT groups than among NC and LTG groups [7].
• Conclusions: In comparison to LTG, enzyme inducing AEDs (CBZ, PHT) are associated with a more favorable neuroactive steroid balance (lower DHEAS and higher BAL/BAE) for seizure management, but at the expense of reduced serum bioavailable testosterone levels and sexual function [7].
• The bile acid-CoA ligase has amino acid sequence similarity to several other polypeptides involved in the ATP-dependent linking of AMP or CoA to cyclic carboxylated compounds [13].
• Transdermal estrogen treatment prevented the BALP increase, even if no reduction was observed; total ALP showed a similar behavior [14].

Regulatory relationships of SLC27A5

• However, hVLCS-H2-dependent acyl-CoA synthetase activity with long- and very-long-chain fatty acid substrates was detected in COS-1 cells stably expressing hVLCS-H2 [10].

Other interactions of SLC27A5

• The other two (hVLCS-H1 and hVLCS-H2) were more closely related to rVLCS than to mFATP [9].
• The location of KCNJ14 and SLC27A5 flanking the RH map on BTA18q25-26 has been confirmed by fluorescence in situ hybridization [15].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of SLC27A5

• Indirect immunofluorescence of COS-1 cells or human hepatoma-derived HepG2 cells expressing epitope-tagged hVLCS-H2 revealed that the protein was associated with the endoplasmic reticulum but not with peroxisomes [10].
• B1x was not significantly correlated with any of the commercial BALP immunoassays [1].
• The three BALP isoforms were identified in extracts of human osteosarcoma (SaOS-2) cells, by HPLC, after separation by anion-exchange chromatography [16].
• High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) separates three human bone alkaline phosphatase (BALP) isoforms in serum; two major BALP isoforms, B1 and B2, and a minor fraction, B/I, which is composed on average of 70% bone and 30% intestinal ALP [16].
• OC, BALP, PICP were determined by enzyme immunoassay [12].

References