Disease relevance of Prasterone sulfate

• A baseline dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate value less than 0.4 microgram/mL indicated patients with an adrenocorticol adenoma [1].
• In five men with choriocarcinoma, estradiol production was elevated, plasma estradiol was high, and DHEAS conversion to estradiol ranged from 0.5 to 11.7% [2].
• The purpose of this study was to determine if DHEA-S could preserve counterregulatory responses during repeated hypoglycemia [3].
• Variations in DHEA-S are due to age, sex, obesity, and substantial polygenic genetic influences [4].
• Since DHAS is virtually an exclusive product of the adrenal cortex, and since high PRL levels appear to inhibit ovarian steroid production, the findings suggest that hyperprolactinemia selectively stimulates adrenocortical androgen production [5].

Psychiatry related information on Prasterone sulfate

• Antiglucocorticoid effects of DHEA-S in Alzheimer's disease [6].
• DHEA-S levels and depressive symptoms in a cohort of African American and Caucasian women in the late reproductive years [7].
• METHODS: A nested case-control study examined baseline DHEA-S in participants of the Berlin Aging Study. Cases (n = 14) developed dementia of the Alzheimer type within 3 years [8].
• RESULTS: Compared with the control subjects, the PTSD patients showed significantly higher plasma DHEA and DHEAS levels [9].
• Male psychotic patients had higher DHEAS levels than healthy or obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) subjects [10].

High impact information on Prasterone sulfate

• Tissue and cell culture techniques, together with improved steroid assays, revealed that the fetal zone is the primary source of DHEA-S, and that its steroidogenic activity is regulated by ACTH [11].
• Indirect evidence, based on effects of P450c21 deficiency and maternal estriol concentrations, indicate that the fetal adrenal cortex produces cortisol and DHEA-S early in gestation (6-12 weeks) [11].
• No significant differences between the two groups were observed for E1, E2, T, DHT, DHEA-S, delta 4-A, LH, FSH, and prolactin [12].
• RESULTS: Men with diabetes had significantly lower plasma levels of free (4.96 nmol/L compared with 5.58 nmol/L) and total testosterone (14.7 nmol/L compared with 17.4 nmol/L), dihydrotestosterone (428 pg/mL compared with 533 pg/mL), and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S) (1.92 mumol/L compared with 2.42 mumol/L) than nondiabetic men [13].
• In order to clarify the effect of DHEA on myeloma cells, we investigated whether DHEA and DHEA-S could inhibit interleukin-6 (IL-6) production of bone marrow mononuclear cells and the proliferation of myeloma cells from patients with myeloma [14].

Chemical compound and disease context of Prasterone sulfate

• Role of DHEA and DHEA-S in Alzheimer's disease [15].
• The frequency of decreased serum DHEA-S levels in patients with secondary adrenal insufficiency was significantly higher than that of decreased cortisol levels [16].
• Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) and testosterone: relation to HIV illness stage and progression over one year [17].
• Although we anticipated that total cholesterol and apo B levels in IUGR infants would be increased due to reduced adrenal utilization of LDL for DS production, such was not the case [18].
• Umbilical venous levels of E3 and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHAS) were measured in 31 samples from fetuses with IUGR, 21 of whom were vaginally delivered and 10 who were delivered by cesarean section [19].

Biological context of Prasterone sulfate

• Moreover, the brothers of women with PCOS have insulin resistance and elevated dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) levels, which supports a genetic basis for these findings [20].
• The differences in follicular and luteal DHS, but not the difference in log estradiol, were significant (P less than or equal to 0.05) after controlling for ovulation, smoking, and alcohol intake with multivariable regression analysis [21].
• Serum dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate (DHEAS) is a classic marker for adrenarche and, subsequently, for the individual hormonal milieu [22].
• RESULTS: Stepwise regression analysis showed that after adjustment for age and body mass index, IMT was significantly correlated with blood pressure (BP) load (P = 0.03) and inversely with dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) (P = 0.01) [23].
• A significant (P less than 0.05) and persistent diurnal rhythm in DHEAS and F secretion was evident by the end of the first week after birth [24].

Anatomical context of Prasterone sulfate

• Those findings were among the first indications of the function and physiological role of the human fetal adrenal cortex and led Diczfalusy and co-workers to propose the concept of the feto-placental unit, in which DHEA-S produced by the fetal adrenal cortex is used by the placenta for estrogen synthesis [11].
• In view of our results this type of cyst, which has been shown to be lined by apocrine epithelium, appears to be characterized by high DHEA-S and EGF levels [25].
• Therefore, these data revealed that DHEA-S, as well as DHEA, had a direct effect on myeloma and bone marrow stromal cells to inhibit their proliferation and IL-6 production, respectively [14].
• The level of P-450 HFLa in liver homogenates from human fetuses highly correlated with the activity of DHEA-sulfate 16 alpha-hydroxylase [26].
• The maintenance of a functional fetal zone in the adrenal gland makes the rhesus infant a suitable model to use in studying the regulation of DHAS secretion and fetal zone morphology [27].

Associations of Prasterone sulfate with other chemical compounds

• In addition to evaluation of blood pressure, body mass index, and waist-to-hip ratio, serum dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S), androstenedione (A), total testosterone (TTS), free testosterone (FTS), insulin, cholesterol (total and high density lipoproteins), triglycerides, and glucose were measured [28].
• Blood and amniotic fluid samples were collected twice daily and analyzed by RIA for estrone, estradiol, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS), progesterone, cortisol, and prostaglandin F2 alpha metabolite (PGFM) [29].
• No correlation was noted between body mass index (BMI) and the levels of DHS, P, or A, while a weak positive association was noted between the BMI and the mean T (r = 0.31; P less than 0.002) and a weak negative correlation between the mean F and BMI (r = -0.21; P less than 0.05) [30].
• The mean serum levels of testosterone, luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) increased, and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) decreased, in women starting VPA [31].
• However, in cord blood no fall of DHEA-S or corticosterone sulfate (BS) was found up to 20 hours after DX administration, and cord plasma ACTH remained detectable [32].

Gene context of Prasterone sulfate

• Human CRH increased DHEA-S production by cultured human fetal adrenal cortical cells in a dose-dependent fashion, with an ED50 of 10-100 pmol/L [33].
• Moreover, patients with long-term CBZ also had high SHBG levels, low serum DHEAS levels, and low FAI values [34].
• Serum ACTH and dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate were measured once hourly; DHEA, androstenedione and 17-hydroxy-progesterone were determined at baseline and after 3 h of saline/hCRH infusion [35].
• In OB women, IGF-I concentrations positively correlated with PRL (r = 0.31), testosterone (r = 0.30), androstenedione (r = 0.30), and dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate (DHEAS) concentrations (r = 0.41) [36].
• The kinetic character of CBZ 10,11-epoxidation by CYP3A7 is Michaelis-Menten type regardless of the presence of DHEA-S [37].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Prasterone sulfate

• At all time points after treatment, the DHEA-S levels were significantly higher in patients receiving AG [12].
• Serum PRL levels rose significantly (P less than 0.05) 3--6 h after ia and 2--6 h after iv administration of DHEA-S but was unchanged in the control group [38].
• In contrast, serum DHEA-S was negatively associated with WHR (P < 0.02), while A was negatively associated with body mass index (P < 0.02) [28].
• A cross-sectional study (measuring serum DHAS and DHA only) was then carried out in a series of parous and nulliparous women [39].
• In the present investigation it was found that human fetal adrenal tissue maintained in organ culture secreted appreciable quantities of dehydroisoandrosterone sulfate (DS) and cortisol [40].

References