Disease relevance of IL18

• Cloning, sequencing, and expression of porcine interleukin-18 in Escherichia coli [1].
• Efficient production of biologically active porcine interleukin-18 by coexpression with porcine caspase-1 using a baculovirus expression system [2].
• IL-18 Expression in Pigs Following Infection with Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae [3].
• Immunohistochemical staining revealed that porcine IL-18 was localized in the porcine airway epithelium and that it was significantly upregulated with experimental endotoxemia induced by Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) inoculation [4].
• The aim of this study was to determine the immunomodulatory effects of IL-12, IL-18 and CD154 (CD40 ligand, CD40L) in DNA-vaccination against the classical swine fever virus [5].

High impact information on IL18

• The antibody response against Mhp was found to be associated with the IL-18 concentration in the BALF [3].
• Immunohistochemical staining revealed that both IL-18 and IL-18 receptor alpha chain (IL-18Ralpha) were present in macrophages and plasma cells in the lungs of Mhp-infected pigs [3].
• Expression of interleukin-18 by porcine airway and intestinal epithelium [4].
• We found constitutive protein expression of precursor IL-18 in primary culture of porcine airway epithelium [4].
• We also confirmed by immunohistochemical staining that IL-18 was expressed in porcine intestinal epithelial cells [4].

Biological context of IL18

• Four recombinant plasmids were constructed including the CSFV coding region for the glycoprotein gp55/E2 alone or together with porcine IL-12, IL-18 or CD154 genes [5].
• Effect of bacterial virulence on IL-18 expression in the amnion infected with Escherichia coli [6].

Anatomical context of IL18

• Porcine interleukin-18 mRNA and protein are expressed in immune tissues including lymph nodes and gut associated lymphoid tissues [7].
• This study showed that co-delivery of IL-18 and CD154 induced an earlier appearance of serum antibodies, reduced B-cell deficiency after infection and protected pigs against a lethal CSFV infection [5].
• Porcine interleukin-12 fusion protein and interleukin-18 in combination induce interferon-gamma production in porcine natural killer and T cells [8].
• The mRNA expression of interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-6, IL-18 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha in the spleen, thymus, tonsil and popliteal and mesenteric lymph nodes was investigated by semi-quantitative RT-PCR [9].
• Fetal amniotic fluid samples were analyzed for IL-18 levels by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay [6].

Associations of IL18 with chemical compounds

• Only CVL fluid from pigs exposed to BZK showed a significant increase of IL-1beta, IL-8, and also IL-18 production when compared to the controls, PHI-443 or VDDTC-treated groups [10].
• IL-18 and TNF-alpha mRNA expression was constant in all the samples examined [9].

Other interactions of IL18

• As insect cells do not normally have the IL-1beta converting enzyme (caspase-1), which is required for processing of the precursor IL-18 into the mature IL-18, we recently cloned porcine caspase-1 cDNA [2].
• TNF-alpha and IL-18 were mostly missing in plasma 24 h after infection [11].
• The porcine mature IL-18 produced by the silkworms strongly induced interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) production from porcine PBMC [12].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of IL18

• We found that large amounts of IL-18 were produced in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluids (BALF) of pigs experimentally infected with Mhp [3].
• Furthermore, the serum IL-18 concentration of newborn calves was increased after the oral administration of colostrum [13].
• The expression of IL-18 was studied also by immunohistochemistry on cryostat sections through amniotic membranes and pathological changes were observed by electron microscopy [6].

References