Disease relevance of CXCL14

• A model of lung eosinophilia based on the repeated exposure of mice to aerosolized OVA has been used to identify C-C chemokine genes expressed at stages of massive eosinophil infiltration [1].
• M-T1 is a secreted 43-kDa glycoprotein produced by the myxoma virus, a poxvirus pathogen of rabbits, that binds CC-chemokines with high affinity, blocks binding to their cognate G-protein coupled receptors, and thereby inhibits chemokine-induced leukocyte chemotaxis [2].
• A macrophage inflammatory protein homolog encoded by guinea pig cytomegalovirus signals via CC chemokine receptor 1 [3].
• Effects of Salmonella enterica serovars Typhimurium (ST) and Choleraesuis (SC) on chemokine and cytokine expression in swine ileum and jejunal epithelial cells [4].
• It was recently found that propagermanium, which is clinically used for the treatment of chronic hepatitis type B in Japan, markedly suppresses monocyte chemotaxis in response to macrophage chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) through inhibition of its receptor, C-C chemokine receptor 2, in vitro [5].

High impact information on CXCL14

• Experiments were designed to study the effect of systemically administered IL-5 on local eosinophil accumulation induced by the intradermal injection of the chemokine eotaxin in the guinea pig [6].
• Recombinant guinea pig (rgp)CCL5 was prepared, and its influence on peritoneal and alveolar macrophage activation was examined by measuring cytokine and chemokine mRNA expression in cells stimulated with rgpCCL5 alone or exposed to rgpCCL5 prior to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation [7].
• When peritoneal or alveolar macrophages were pretreated with rgpCCL5 for 2 h and then exposed to low concentrations of LPS, diminished cytokine and chemokine mRNA levels were apparent at 6 h compared with LPS alone [7].
• Levels of mRNA for guinea pig tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin (IL)-1beta, CCL2 (monocyte chemoattractant protein-1), and CXC chemokine ligand 8 (IL-8) were analyzed by reverse transcription followed by real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis using SYBR Green [7].
• Here we investigated in vitro the effect of protein overload on proximal tubular cell production of RANTES, a nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B)-dependent chemokine with potent chemotactic activity for monocytes/macrophages and T lymphocytes [8].

Biological context of CXCL14

• Sequence analysis revealed the presence of the gammaherpesvirus ORFs 03 to 46 as well as a putative chemokine receptor and a v-bcl-2 gene [9].
• Post-transplant upregulation of chemokine messenger RNA in non-human primate recipients of intraportal pig islet xenografts [10].
• Murine chemokine gene expression in rejecting pig proislet xenografts [11].

Anatomical context of CXCL14

• Immunohistologic studies showed that each agent also inhibited graft infiltration by NK and T cells, and expression of various cytokines, including the chemokine monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), but did not affect the tempo or extent of MO infiltration [12].
• Effects of leflunomide and deoxyspergualin in the guinea pig-->rat cardiac model of delayed xenograft rejection: suppression of B cell and C-C chemokine responses but not induction of macrophage lectin [12].
• Epithelial cells are a major cellular source of the chemokine eotaxin in the guinea pig lung [13].
• The gastrointestinal epithelium represents a barrier to potentially invasive enteric pathogens, maintains a role in innate immune surveillance, and is a source of both chemokine and cytokine chemotactic mediators in response to bacterial invasion [4].
• Our data demonstrate that invasive bacterial pathogens in the pig gastrointestinal tract trigger upregulation of selected cytokine and chemokine mediators, but serovars of Salmonella elicited differing patterns of activation in vitro [4].

Other interactions of CXCL14

• Eotaxin is a chemokine that has high potency and selectivity as a chemoattractant agent for eosinophils, signalling exclusively through the CCR3 receptor [14].
• Upregulation of RANTES and MIP-1alpha transcripts in the absence of a significant CCR5 increase suggests a possible involvement of other chemokine receptors [10].
• Cooperation between interleukin-5 and the chemokine eotaxin to induce eosinophil accumulation in vivo [6].
• SETTING: Interleukin (IL)-8, a neutrophil attracting chemokine, is known to be made by a variety of leukocyte populations following stimulation by Mycobacterium tuberculosis [15].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of CXCL14

• Quantitative real-time RT-PCR was used in this study to investigate the pulmonary expression profiles of cytokine and chemokine mRNA in response to single or repeated CS exposure in guinea pigs [16].

References