Disease relevance of 6430411K18Rik

• Aberrantly expressed miRNA or their targets will provide mechanistic insight and therapeutic targets for cholangiocarcinoma [1].
• Activation of an oncogenic microRNA cistron by provirus integration [2].
• Micro-RNA regulation of the mammalian lin-28 gene during neuronal differentiation of embryonal carcinoma cells [3].
• Inhibition of PRL-3 gene expression in gastric cancer cell line SGC7901 via microRNA suppressed reduces peritoneal metastasis [4].
• Recent studies have shown toxicity in vivo that appears to be related to saturation of the endogenous microRNA pathway [5].

High impact information on 6430411K18Rik

• Here we show that RNA polymerase II promoters expressing rationally designed primary microRNA-based short hairpin RNAs produce potent, stable and regulatable gene knock-down in cultured cells and in animals, even when present at a single copy in the genome [6].
• But primary microRNA transcripts, which are endogenous triggers of RNA interference, are normally synthesized by RNA polymerase II [6].
• Probing tumor phenotypes using stable and regulated synthetic microRNA precursors [6].
• MicroRNA-responsive 'sensor' transgenes uncover Hox-like and other developmentally regulated patterns of vertebrate microRNA expression [7].
• We show here that the repression of nPTB expression during myoblast differentiation results from its targeting by the muscle-restricted microRNA miR-133 [8].

Biological context of 6430411K18Rik

• These cells were defective in microRNA processing, and upon stimulation they proliferated poorly and underwent increased apoptosis [9].
• BACKGROUND & AIMS: Micro-RNA (miRNA) are endogenous regulatory RNA molecules that modulate gene expression [1].
• Alterations in miRNA expression can contribute to tumor growth by modulating the functional expression of critical genes involved in tumor cell proliferation or survival [1].
• EBER1 does not bind exportin 5; therefore, it is unlikely to act by interfering with microRNA biogenesis [10].
• This downregulation is mediated in part by lin-4, a 21-nt microRNA [11].

Anatomical context of 6430411K18Rik

• Involvement of human micro-RNA in growth and response to chemotherapy in human cholangiocarcinoma cell lines [1].
• Our findings underscore the importance of posttranscriptional gene regulation and of the microRNA pathway in the control of postmeiotic male germ cell differentiation [12].
• MicroRNAs are small, approximately 21- to 24-nt RNAs that have been found to regulate gene expression. miR-206 is a microRNA that is expressed at high levels in Drosophila, zebrafish, and mouse skeletal muscle and is thought to be involved in the attainment and/or maintenance of the differentiated state [13].
• From the Cover: miR-7b, a microRNA up-regulated in the hypothalamus after chronic hyperosmolar stimulation, inhibits Fos translation [14].
• We propose that both general cleavage-polyadenylation and general splice activities are modulated during B-lymphocyte development to ensure proper regulation of the alternative micro RNA processing pathways [15].

Associations of 6430411K18Rik with chemical compounds

• We describe the development of a lentiviral vector platform, pSLIK (single lentivector for inducible knockdown), which permits tetracycline-regulated expression of microRNA-like short hairpin RNAs from a single viral infection of any naïve cell system [16].
• Uridine addition after microRNA-directed cleavage [17].
• Intron-derived microRNA (Id-miRNA) is a new class of miRNA derived from the processing of gene introns [18].

Regulatory relationships of 6430411K18Rik

• Serum response factor regulates a muscle-specific microRNA that targets Hand2 during cardiogenesis [19].

Other interactions of 6430411K18Rik

• To elucidate the roles of Dicer1 and the microRNA pathway in early embryo development, we initially evaluated its gene expression in mouse oocytes and embryos in vitro [20].
• Mirn122a, but not another noncomplementary microRNA, inhibits the activity of a luciferase reporter construct containing the 3'-UTR of Tnp2 [21].
• Using a new algorithm for microRNA target identification that incorporates features of RNA structure and target accessibility, we show that Hand2, a transcription factor that promotes ventricular cardiomyocyte expansion, is a target of miR-1 [19].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of 6430411K18Rik

• CONCLUSIONS: Alterations in miRNA expression contribute to tumor growth and response to chemotherapy [1].
• Expression of selected miRNA and their precursors was evaluated by Northern blots and real-time polymerase chain reaction, respectively [1].
• Detection of mammalian microRNA expression by in situ hybridization with RNA oligonucleotides [22].
• A novel microRNA (miRNA) quantification method has been developed using stem-loop RT followed by TaqMan PCR analysis [23].

References